Read the following passage and choose A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions. In many ways, the increasingly rapid pace of climate change is a direct result of the growth of the human population. In the last 100 years, the world population has more than tripled, from just under 2 billion at the beginning of the century to nearly 7 billion today. In addition, the average person uses more energy and natural resources than the average person one hundred...
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Read the following passage and choose A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
In many ways, the increasingly rapid pace of climate change is a direct result of the growth of the human population. In the last 100 years, the world population has more than tripled, from just under 2 billion at the beginning of the century to nearly 7 billion today. In addition, the average person uses more energy and natural resources than the average person one hundred years ago, meaning that the rates of consumption are actually much higher than just the increase in population would imply. For example, it took the world 125 years to use the first one trillion barrels of oil. The next trillion barrels will be used in less than 30 years, which is almost 5 times as fast, not three.
All of these activities: food production, energy usage, and the use of natural resources, contribute to climate change in some way. The greater amounts of oil and other fuels burned to create energy release chemicals which add to global warming. In order to produce more food, farmers cut down trees to gain more land for their fields. In addition, we cut down trees to build the houses needed for a larger population. Those trees are an essential part of controlling global warming; others are too numerous to mention.
In addition to a growing population, the world also has a population that desires a higher standard of living than in the past, and a higher standard of living requires the use of even more natural resources. A look at one country will provide a clear example of this fact. China is the world’s most populous nation, with 1.3 billion people. Currently, the standard of living for most of those people is far below that of people in first world nations. Therefore, the average Chinese citizen uses far fewer natural resources and less energy than the average citizen of the US or Japan. But China is growing in power, and more of its citizens are beginning to expect a first world lifestyle. If every Chinese person attains a first world lifestyle, the amount of energy and natural resources needed in the world will double, even if the standard of living in every other nation on Earth remains the same as it is today.
Why does the author discuss China, Japan, and the United States?
A. To compare the standard of their citizens.
B. To explain why China will not be able to become a first world nation.
C. To better illustrate the effects of an increase in standards of living.
D. To explain why the world's use of energy will need to double soon.
Write the correct forms of the words in the brackets.
17. China is the most popular country in the world with more than 1,4 billion people. (POPULATION)
18. According to World Air Quality, China is more polluted than Vietnam. (POLLUTION)
19. The downtown area of Shanghai is always crowded with hundreds of people, visitors, cars, buses and taxis. (CROWD)
20. Living in the countryside is more peaceful than in big cities. (PEACE)
21. Beijing, the capital of China, is an interesting city; it has the most popular tourist attractions and the best restaurants and cafés in the country. (GOOD)
22. It’s noisier to live in big cities than in the countryside. (NOISE)
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