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Finish the second sentences so that it has the similar meaning as a first
1. The meeting didn't begin until the President came
=> It was not until the President came that the meeting began.
2. We couldn't swim because the sea was rough
=> Because of the rough sea, we couldn't swim.
3. He came late so he missed seeing his friend
=> If he hadn't come late, he wouldn't have missed seeing his friend.
4. I didn't study English until I was in grade 6
=> It was not until I was in grade 6 that I studied English.
5. She works very hard so that she can please her parents
=> She works very hard to please her parents.
6. He met them at the supermarket last Sunday
=> They were met at the supermarket last Sunday.
7. There are a lot of famous pictures in the gallery.
=> The gallery has a lot of famous pictures.
8. It a long time since I ate French food
=> I haven't eaten French food for a long time.
9. I had had breakfast with my family then I went to school
=> After having had breakfast with my family, I went to school.
10. It is five years since she went to The USA
=> She has gone to the USA for five years.
WRITE A SENTENCE WITH IF FOR EACH SITUATION
1. he is poor, so he can't make an abroad tour
-> were he not poor, he could make an abroad tour
2. we came home from ourr holiday early because we ran out of money
-> had we not run out of money,we wouldn't have come home from ourr holiday early
3. i can't enter the room now because i left the key at home
-> if I hadn't left the key at home,I would have entered the room now
4/ the men is wearing protective clothing, so they are safe
-> the men wouldn't be safe if they weren't wearing protective clothing
5. be patient or you will destroy everything
-> if you aren't patient, you will destroy everything
6. they used to drink beer for breakfast in england years ago
-> beer used to be drunk for breakfast in england years ago
#cont
REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES
1. i think you shouldn't take part in this dancing club
-> if i were you,I wouldn't take part in this dancing club
2. i advise you to listen to the teacher during the lesson
-> if i were you,I would listen to the teacher during the lesson
3. leave me alone or i will call the police
-> if you leave me alone , i will call the police
4. finish your paper or you can't go home
-> if you don't finish your paper , you can't go home
5. they made the little boy climb the chimneys to clean them
-> the little boy was made to climb the chimneys to clean them
6. they say exercise is good for health
-> exercise is said to be good for health
7. you need to have your hair cut
-> your hair needs cutting
8. andrew wanted to ask Frank Sinatra for his autograph, but he wasn't brave enough
-> had andrew been brave enough,he would have asked Frank Sinatra for his autograph.
9. i don't know anything about plumbing so i can't fix the leak in the sink myself
-> were I to know anything about plumbing ,I could fix the leak in the sink myself
10. you need to have your housse rebuilt
-> your house needs rebuilting
11. my parents have just given one of my most favorite toy to me
-> one of my most favorite toys has just been given to me by parents
12. it is said that on of the workers quits the job
-> one of the workers is said to quit the job
13. the students need to do homework every day
-> the homework needs doing be the students everyday
14. my father made me get to school by bike
-> i was made to get to school by bike
15. the kind boss has allowed the unemployed to work in his company
-> the unemployed have been allowed to work in the kind boss's company
16. he doesn't like people laughing at him
-> he doesn't like being laughed at
17. mrs. lan has taken care of the old in my neighborhood recently
-> the old in my neighborhood has been taken care by mrs lan recently
18. no one in my family has eaten a snail before
-> a snail has never been eaten before in my family
19. nobody in the party has tasted my dishes
-> my dishes has never been tasted in the party
20. bring the raincoat with you or you will get wet on the way back
-> should you bring the raincoat with you or you will get wet on the way back
21. there is a grammar error in this English essay, that's why it can't get a full mark
-> if there weren't a grammar error in this English essay, it could get a full mark
22. because i don't have a typewriter, i can't type it myself
-> i could type it if I had a typewriter
23. he was tired so he made a mistake
-> if he weren't tired ,he wouldn't have made a mistake
24. he has just brought some cups of tea to the visitors in the next room
-> some cups of tea have just been bought for the visitors in the next room
25. she can't be employed because she doesn't have college degree
-> if she had college degree,she could be employed
26. there are industrial factories inside the city, that's why pollution can't be reduced
-> pollution could be reduced if there weren't industrial factories inside the city
27. it rained heavily so they didn't go camping last sunday
-> had it not rained heavily ,they would have gone camping last sunday
28. although the weather was bad, i still got to schoold
-> in spite of the bad weather,i still got to schoold
29. he still went to work although he felt too tired
-> despite being tired,he still went to work
30. because it rained , we decided to stay home and watch tv
-> because of raining, we decided to stay home and watch tv
WRITE A SENTENCE WITH IF FOR EACH SITUATION
1. he is poor, so he can't make an abroad tour
-> were he to be rich, he could make an abroad tour
2. we came home from ourr holiday early because we ran out of money
-> had we not run out of money, we would not have come home from our holiday early
3. i can't enter the room now because i left the key at home
-> if I hadn't left the key at home, I could enter the room now
4/ the men is wearing protective clothing, so they are safe
-> the men would be safe with protective clothing
5. be patient or you will destroy everything
-> if you aren't patient, you will destroy everything
6. they used to drink beer for breakfast in england years ago
-> beer used to be drunk for breakfast in england years ago
REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES
1. i think you shouldn't take part in this dancing club
-> if i were you, i wouldn't take part in this dancing club
2. i advise you to listen to the teacher during the lesson
-> if i were you, i would listen to the teacher during the lesson
3. leave me alone or i will call the police
-> if you don't leave me alone, i will call the police
4. finish your paper or you can't go home
-> if you don't finish your paper, you can't go home
5. they made the little boy climb the chimneys to clean them
-> the little boy was made to climb the chimneys to clean them
6. they say exercise is good for health
-> exercise is said to be good for health
7. you need to have your hair cut
-> your hair needs cutting
8. andrew wanted to ask Frank Sinatra for his autograph, but he wasn't brave enough
-> had Andrew been brave enough, he would have asked Frank Sinatra for his autograph
9. i don't know anything about plumbing so i can't fix the leak in the sink myself
-> were i to know something about plumbing, i could fix the leak in the sink myself
10. you need to have your housse rebuilt
-> your house needs to be rebuilt
11. my parents have just given one of my most favorite toy to me
-> one of my most favorite toys has just been given to me by my parents
12. it is said that on of the workers quits the job
-> one of the workers is said to quit the job
13. the students need to do homework every day
-> the homework needs to be done by the students every day
14. my father made me get to school by bike
-> i was made to get to school by bike by my father
15. the kind boss has allowed the unemployed to work in his company
-> the unemployed have been allowed to work in his company by the kind boss
16. he doesn't like people laughing at him
-> he doesn't like being laughed at
17. mrs. lan has taken care of the old in my neighborhood recently
-> the old in my neighborhood has been taken care of by mrs lan recently
18. no one in my family has eaten a snail before
-> a snail has never been eaten by a member in my family before
19. nobody in the party has tasted my dishes
-> my dishes have never tasted in the party
20. bring the raincoat with you or you will get wet on the way back
-> should you to bring the raincoat with you, you won't get wet on the way back
21. there is a grammar error in this English essay, that's why it can't get a full mark
-> if there weren't a grammar error in this english essay, it could get a full mark
22. because i don't have a typewriter, i can't type it myself
-> i could type myself if i had a typewriter
23. he was tired so he made a mistake
-> if he hadn't been tired, he wouldn't have made a mistake
24. he has just brought some cups of tea to the visitors in the next room
-> some cups of tea has just been bought to the visitors in the next room
25. she can't be employed because she doesn't have college degree
-> if she had a college degree, she could be employed
26. there are industrial factories inside the city, that's why pollution can't be reduced
-> pollution could be reduced if there weren't industrial factories inside the city
27. it rained heavily so they didn't go camping last sunday
-> had it not rained heavily, they could have gone camping last sunday
28. although the weather was bad, i still got to schoold
-> in spite of the bad weather, i still got to school
29. he still went to work although he felt too tired
-> despite feeling too tired, he still went to work
30. because it rained , we decided to stay home and watch tv
-> because of raining weather, we decided to stay home and watch tv
I complete each of the sentences in such a way that it has the same meaning as the first one
1 it would be a good idea if you did it again
->you had better do it again
2 they advised repainting the house
->they advised me to repaint the house
3 I can't afford to go on holiday this year
->I haven't got enough money to go on holiday this year
5 Fred tried hard to start the car, but without success
->no matter how hard Fred tried, he couldn't start the car.
II use the words given to make complete sentences
1 I/like/find/more/film/before/I/see/it
-> I like to find more films before i see it
2 He/apologise/be/late/and/disappoint/her
-> He apologizes for being late and being disappointed her
3 I/expect/help/by him
-> I expect to be helped by him
4 It/be his first visit/USA/next year
-> It will be his first visit the USA next year
III finish the second sentence so that it means exactly the same as the first one
1 Philip's inability to make decisions dates from his accident
-> Ever since his accident, Phillip has been unable to make decisions
2 you could be arrested for not giving a breath sample to the police
->refusal to give a breath sample to the police could lead to your arrest.
3 we were very impressed by the new cinema but found it rather expensive
->Impressed as we were by the new cinema, we found it rather expensive.
4 mr wilson says he's sorry he didn't attend the meeting yesterday morning
->mr wilson sends her apologies for not having attended the meeting yesterday.
6 all the witnesses said that the accident was my fault
->all the witnesses said that I was to blame for the accident.
7 I'd prefer you not to phone me at work
->I'd rather you didn't phone me at work
8 the interview panel thought that Sarah had a very good manner
->Sarah made a good behavior to the interview panel.
10 he didn't forget and neither did she
->he remembered and so did she
12he wrote that book during his holiday in Wales
->it was while he was on holiday that he wrote that book.
13 italy is the country I'd like to visit most
->I'd like to visit Italy which is the country I like most
14 if Mary had worked hard enough, she wouldn't have failed her exams
->Mary didn't work hard enough, she failed in her exams
15 My father said if I had to go out, I should finish my homework first
->my father said to me if I had to go out, I should finish homework my first
16 although we were very tired, we agreed to have a game of tennis
->tired as we were, he agreed to have a game of tennis
17 the robbers made the customers lie on the floor
->the customers were made to lie on the floor
18 the computer she bought was very cheap
-> she had to pay a little money for the computer
#baoquyen
Ex 1. Choose the best option
1. It's raining,....................I can't go to the beach. (so/ therefore/ but/ although)
2. Nam got wet.................he forgot his umbrella (so/ because/ although/ and)
3. ................Lan has an exam tomorrow, she is still watching television ( Because/ Although/ However/ If )
4. My brother loves reading....................computer games are popular today ( as/ though/ and/ because)
5. .................the lake is highly polluted, we cannot swim in it. (Since/ Although/ However/ After)
6. Nam is tired .................... he stayed up late watching TV. (so/ even though/ because/ but)
7. My friend lied to me, .................. I don't trust her anymore (so/ therefore/ but/ because)
8. It was cold outside................., they went swimming in the lake (although/ because/ so/ however)
9. He put on his raincoat...........it was a bright, sunny day. (because/ even though/ therefore/ but)
10. My brother didn't go to work yesterday................he didn't feel well (so/ because/ although/ but)
Ex 2: Rewirte the following sentences, beginning with the words provided
1. She told the truth, but no one believed her
--> Although she told the truth, no one believed her
2. They are poor, but their children are happy
-->Although they are poor, their children are happy
3. In spite of the bad weather, the match took place
-->Although the weather was bad, the match took place
4. Nancy was sad. She cried
--> Because Nancy was sad, she cried
5. His watch is broken. He was late for the meeting
--> Since his watch is broken, he was late for the meeting
6. I am so busy that I can't help you right now
--> I am too busy to help you right now
7. Some movies are too violent for the children to watch
--> Some movies are so violent that the children shouldnot watch
8. These shoes aren't big enough for me to wear
--> There shoes are too big for me to wear
9. The story was so funny that everyone laughed
-->It was such a funny story that everyone laughed
10. The suitcase is so heavy that the woman cannot carry it
--> It is such a heavy suitcase that the woman cannot carry it
I. Error identification & correct (xác định và sửa lỗi sai)
Example: It’s difficult getting there on time in rush hour.
getting → to get
1. He does his homework at the moment. -> is doing
2. He is learning cooking at the moment. -> to cook
3. What do you usually do at your free time? -> in
4. You should practise speak English before you go to England. -> speaking
5. She is very good of writing essays. -> at
6. I am really not interested of going to high school. -> in
7. He thanks her about inviting him to the party. -> for
8. They don’t go to the swimming pool because the rain. -> because of
9. They don’t go to the swimming pool because the rain. -> because of
10. Would you like going to a pop concert this weekend. -> to go
II. Complete the sentences with although/ in spite of/ because/ because of.
1. because the meeting's at 2.00, I won't be able to see you.
2. although I told the absolute truth, no one would believe me.
3. The goods were never delivered in spite of the promise we had received.
4. My mother is always complaining because of the untidiness of my room.
5. I didn't get the job although I had all the necessary qualifications.
6. It's unsafe to travel in that country because of the ongoing civil war.
7. The villagers refused to leave in spite of the drought.
8. because everything looked different, I had no idea where to go.
9. because of his age, John was not hired although he had the necessary
qualifications.
10. You can't enter this secure area because you don't have an official permit.
1. i'm glad to know that you are going......on...........a picnic
2. at the moment, most of the town is being covered .......with.....................snow
3. in this company, everybody is responsible ................ turning off the lights before leaving
4. the boy fell........................the water and was drowned
5. he suffered......................................constant sleepiness
6. they have been absent ........from.............. school very often lately
7. is she capable................ using computers ?
8. they have made use............................. the house after remodeling it
9. they started .....at.......... home because andy wasn't keen .........on............. going out in the rain
10. i wrote the letter to complain ......about............... the good i brough in the shop
Ex: Complete the sentence with Although / In spite of/ Because / because of.
1) ...........because.................the meeting is at 2.00, I won't be able to see you.
2) ........although.....................I told the truth, no one believed me.
3) My mother is always complaining.. ... .because of................. the untidiness of my room.
4) I didn't get the job. ..... .. ...although... . ... .. . ...I had all the necessary qualifications.
5) The villagers didn't want to leave . .....in spite of...........the flood.
6) ..........in spite of....................having a bad cough, she was able to sing some songs.
7) .........although...................it was sunny, it was quite a cold day.
8) sarah can't climb up the tree. .. ..........because of..............her fear of heights
9) .......although...............he took a taxi, Bill still arrived late for the film
10) .........in spite of........................his suffering from a bad cold, William still went to school
11)............because...........the roads were icy, there were a lot of accidents
12) ............because of...............the rough sea, the ferry couldn't sail
13) ............although..............he had a good salary, he was unhappy in his life
14) ...........because..............the cost of living in Britain is high, there are fewer tourists here this year.
1. Because they drive carelessly, they get some problems
-> If_______they didn't drive carelessly, they wouldn't get some problems____________
2. Keep quiet or I'll scream.
-> If _________you don't keep quiet, I'll scream___________
3. We don't have enough money, so we don't buy those new comics
-> If __________we had enough money, we would buy those new comics___________
4. Stop talking or you won't understand the lesson
-> If ___________you odn't stop talking, you won't understand the lesson___________
5. She is not free today, that's why she can't go to the movie with her friend
-> If__________she were free today, she could go to the movie with her friend______________
6. Water these plants or they will die.
-> If____________you don't water these plants, they'll die______________
7. He is so lazy, so he fails in the final exam
-> If ______________he weren't so lazy, he wouldn't fail in the final exam_____________
8. Because the weather is not fine, the children don't play out door
-> If ________________the weather were fine, the children would play out door______________
9. Go right now or you'll be late for the train
-> If ____________you don't go right now, you'll be late for the train_________________
10. She doesn't play tennis because she is very old
-> If____________she weren't very old, she would play tennis_____________
Ex1: Fill in gap in the sentences below with a suitable preposition or adverb particle.
1. It is predicted that over the next few decades many species will die _OUT__ as once fertile areas turn _TO__desert.
2. I object _TO__ being kept waiting. Why can't you be __ON_ time?
3. She still can't get __OVER_ the shock_OF__ her baby's death.
4. The monitor is responsible __FOR_ our form-master IN the class.
5. Those workers are _IN__ difficulty because wage increases cannot keep up _WITH __ inflation.
6. He was absent _FROM__ work yesterday because he was ill. We are ashamed __OF_ his behavior.
7. Due _TO__ the rain, they had to postpone the match__IN_ the next day.
8. He is very keen _ON__ English, but he is not good _AT__ listening.
9. I was brought _UP__ in the countryside by my aunt after my parents has pass __AWAY_
10. He is very worried ___ his new job because he is not quite prepared ___working.
10.about and for