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Nhưng trước hết làm cho nó đẹp lại cái đã:v Bài toán gì đâu mà cho toàn phân thức xấu xí, lần sau bảo người ra đề chọn hệ số đẹp hơn nha zZz Cool Kid zZz :DD
\(P=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{30\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}+\left(\frac{\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)}{4abc}-\frac{3}{4}\right)+\frac{3}{4}-\frac{131\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{60\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
\(=\frac{47}{60}+\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{15\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}-\frac{131\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{60\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)}{4abc}\)
\(=\frac{47}{60}+\frac{ab+bc+ca}{15\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}-\frac{131\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{60\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)}{\frac{4}{9}\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
\(=\frac{47}{60}+\frac{ab+bc+ca}{15\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}-\frac{131\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{60\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\frac{9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)}{4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
\(=\frac{47}{60}+\frac{1\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{15\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}-\frac{131\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{60\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\)
Đặt \(x=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{ab+bc+ca}\Rightarrow x\ge1\). Ta cần tìm min:
\(P=f\left(x\right)=\frac{47}{60}+\frac{1}{15}x-\frac{131}{60x}\)
\(=\frac{47}{60}+\frac{1}{15}x+\frac{1}{15x}-\frac{9}{4x}\)
\(\ge\frac{47}{60}+\frac{2}{15}-\frac{9}{4}=-\frac{4}{3}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
P/s: Tính dùng sos nhưng nghĩ lại ko nên lạm dụng nên dùng cách khác:))
\(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)+abc\)
\(=abc+a^2b+ab^2+a^2c+ac^2+b^2c+bc^2+abc+abc\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)( phân tích nhân tử các kiểu )
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc\left(1\right)\)
\(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc};ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge9abc\)
\(\Rightarrow-abc\ge\frac{-\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{9}\)
Khi đó:\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc\)
\(\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{9}\)
\(=\frac{8\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{9}\left(2\right)\)
Từ ( 1 ) và ( 2 ) có đpcm
Bài 2: Ta có 2 đẳng thức ngược chiều: \(\frac{8\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{ab+bc+ca}\ge8;\frac{27\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}\le8\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{8\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{ab+bc+ca}+\frac{27\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}\)\(\ge2\sqrt{\frac{8\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{ab+bc+ca}.\frac{27\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}}\)
Suy ra BĐT đã cho là đúng nếu ta chứng minh được
\(27\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge8\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b+c\right)^3\left(1\right)\)
Sử dụng đẳng thức \(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc\)và theo AM-GM: \(abc\le\frac{1}{9}\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)ta được \(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge\frac{8}{9}\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1)và(2) suy ra ta chỉ cần chứng minh \(3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)đúng=> đpcm
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a=b=c
Bài 3:
Ta có 2 BĐT ngược chiều: \(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\ge\frac{3}{2};\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\le\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{8}}=\frac{1}{2}\)
Bổ đề: \(x^3+y^3+z^3+3xyz\ge xy\left(x+y\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+zx\left(z+x\right)\left(1\right)\forall x,y,z\ge0\)
Chứng minh: Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử \(x\ge y\ge z\). Khi đó:
\(VT\left(1\right)-VP\left(1\right)=x\left(x-y\right)^2+z\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(x-y+z\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\ge0\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\left(a+b\right)^2\left(b+c\right)^2\left(c+a\right)^2\ge64\left(abc\right)^2\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{abc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\ge\left[\frac{4abc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\right]^3\)
Suy ra ta chỉ cần chứng minh \(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}+\frac{4abc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\ge2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)+b\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)+c\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)+4abc\)\(\ge2\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\)\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+3abc\ge ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)+ca\left(c+a\right)\)đúng theo bổ đề
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a=b=c hoặc a=b,c=0 và các hoán vị
bài 1
ÁP dụng AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{a^3}{b\left(2c+a\right)}+\frac{2c+a}{9}+\frac{b}{3}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3.\left(2c+a\right).b}{b\left(2c+a\right).27}}=a.\)
tương tự ta có:\(\frac{b^3}{c\left(2a+b\right)}+\frac{2a+b}{9}+\frac{c}{3}\ge b,\frac{c^3}{a\left(2b+c\right)}+\frac{2b+c}{9}+\frac{a}{3}\ge c\)
công tất cả lại ta có:
\(P+\frac{2a+b}{9}+\frac{2b+c}{9}+\frac{2c+a}{9}+\frac{a+b+c}{3}\ge a+b+c\)
\(P+\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{3}\ge a+b+c\)
Thay \(a+b+c=3\)vào ta được":
\(P+2\ge3\Leftrightarrow P\ge1\)
Vậy Min là \(1\)
dấu \(=\)xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
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Não đặc-.-
Nếu sửa đề ntn thì mk nghĩ không ngược dấu mới làm được nek
Bài 1: CMR: \(\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{ab+bc+ca}-\frac{8abc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\ge0\) với a,b,c dương
Bài làm:
Ta có: \(\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{ab+bc+ca}-\frac{8abc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)
\(\ge\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{\frac{a^2+b^2}{2}+\frac{b^2+c^2}{2}+\frac{c^2+a^2}{2}}-\frac{8abc}{2\sqrt{ab}\cdot2\sqrt{bc}\cdot2\sqrt{ca}}\)
\(=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{\frac{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{2}}-\frac{8abc}{8abc}\)
\(=1-1=0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(a=b=c\)
Vãi bạn, mình đang đưa các bài tập về các bđt ngược chiều nên đề như thế là đúng r
Bài 1:Với \(ab=1;a+b\ne0\) ta có:
\(P=\frac{a^3+b^3}{\left(a+b\right)^3\left(ab\right)^3}+\frac{3\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^4\left(ab\right)^2}+\frac{6\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^5\left(ab\right)}\)
\(=\frac{a^3+b^3}{\left(a+b\right)^3}+\frac{3\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^4}+\frac{6\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^5}\)
\(=\frac{a^2+b^2-1}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{3\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^4}+\frac{6}{\left(a+b\right)^4}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2-1\right)\left(a+b\right)^2+3\left(a^2+b^2\right)+6}{\left(a+b\right)^4}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2-1\right)\left(a^2+b^2+2\right)+3\left(a^2+b^2\right)+6}{\left(a+b\right)^4}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2+4\left(a^2+b^2\right)+4}{\left(a+b\right)^4}=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+2\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)^4}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+2ab\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)^4}=\frac{\left[\left(a+b\right)^2\right]^2}{\left(a+b\right)^4}=1\)
Bài 2: \(2x^2+x+3=3x\sqrt{x+3}\)
Đk:\(x\ge-3\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow2x^2-3x\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{\left(x+3\right)^2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-2x\sqrt{x+3}-x\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{\left(x+3\right)^2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x\left(x-\sqrt{x+3}\right)-\sqrt{x+3}\left(x-\sqrt{x+3}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\sqrt{x+3}\right)\left(2x-\sqrt{x+3}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x+3}=x\\\sqrt{x+3}=2x\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+3=x^2\left(x\ge0\right)\\x+3=4x^2\left(x\ge0\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x^2-x-3=0\left(x\ge0\right)\\4x^2-x-3=0\left(x\ge0\right)\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1+\sqrt{13}}{2}\\x=1\end{cases}\left(x\ge0\right)}\)
Bài 4:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(2\sqrt{ab}\le a+b\le1\Rightarrow b\le\frac{1}{4a}\)
Ta có: \(a^2-\frac{3}{4a}-\frac{a}{b}\le a^2-\frac{3}{4a}-4a^2=-\left(3a^2+\frac{3}{4a}\right)\)
\(=-\left(3a^2+\frac{3}{8a}+\frac{3}{8a}\right)\le-3\sqrt[3]{3a^2\cdot\frac{3}{8a}\cdot\frac{3}{8a}}=-\frac{9}{4}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
Đây nhé
Đặt b + c = x ; c + a = y ; a + b = z
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=2c+b+a=2c+z\\y+z=2a+b+c=2a+x\\x+z=2b+a+c=2b+y\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x+y-z}{2}=c;\frac{y+z-x}{2}=a;\frac{x+z-y}{2}=b\)
Thay vào PT đã cho ở đề bài , ta có :
\(\frac{y+z-x}{2x}+\frac{x+z-y}{2y}+\frac{x+y-z}{2z}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{y}{x}+\frac{z}{x}+\frac{x}{y}+\frac{z}{y}+\frac{x}{z}+\frac{y}{z}-3\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(2+2+2-3\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
( cái này cô - si cho x/y + /x ; x/z + z/x ; y/z + z/y)
Bài 2:b) \(9=\left(\frac{1}{a^3}+1+1\right)+\left(\frac{1}{b^3}+1+1\right)+\left(\frac{1}{c^3}+1+1\right)\)
\(\ge3\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\therefore\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\le3\)
Ta sẽ chứng minh \(P\le\frac{1}{48}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2\)
Ai có cách hay?
1/Đặt a=1/x,b=1/y,c=1/z ->x+y+z=1.
2a) \(VT=\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)}{\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}}\ge\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}\right)^2}{\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}}\)
\(=\frac{\left[\frac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}{a^4b^4}\right]}{\frac{a+b}{ab}}=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}{a^3b^3\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^3}{4\left(ab\right)^3}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^3}{4\left[\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\right]^3}=\frac{16}{\left(a+b\right)^3}\)
Sửa lại đề là tìm Max nhé m.n
Ta có:
\(\frac{ab+bc+ca+6\left(a+b+c\right)+27}{\left(a+3\right)\left(b+3\right)\left(c+3\right)}=\frac{3}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(b+3\right)\left(c+3\right)+\left(c+3\right)\left(a+3\right)+\left(a+3\right)\left(b+3\right)}{\left(a+3\right)\left(b+3\right)\left(c+3\right)}=\frac{3}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{5}{a+3}+\frac{5}{b+3}+\frac{5}{c+3}=3\Leftrightarrow\frac{a-2}{a+3}+\frac{b-2}{b+3}+\frac{c-2}{c+3}=0\)
Xét biểu thức:
\(\frac{a^2-4}{a^2-9}=\frac{\left(a-2\right)\left(a+2\right)}{\left(a-3\right)\left(a+3\right)}=\frac{a-2}{a+3}.\frac{a+2}{a-3}\)
tưởng tự:
\(\frac{b^2-4}{b^2-9}=\frac{b-2}{b+3}.\frac{b+2}{b-3},\frac{c^2-4}{c^2-9}=\frac{c-2}{c+3}.\frac{c+2}{c-3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2-4}{a^2-9}+\frac{b^2-4}{b^2-9}+\frac{c^2-4}{c^2-9}=\frac{a-2}{a+3}.\frac{a+2}{a-3}+\frac{b-2}{b+3}.\frac{b+2}{b-3}+\frac{c-2}{c+3}.\frac{c+2}{c-3}\)
Do vai trò của a và b và c như nhau nên ta giả sử
\(a\ge b\ge c\)
Khi đó ta có:
\(\frac{a-2}{a+3}\ge\frac{b-2}{b+3}\ge\frac{c-2}{c+3},\frac{a+2}{a-3}\le\frac{b+2}{b-3}\le\frac{c+2}{c-3}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức chebyshev cho 2 bộ ngược chiều trên ta có
\(\frac{a-2}{a+3}.\frac{a+3}{a-2}+\frac{b-2}{b+3}.\frac{b+2}{b-3}+\frac{c-2}{c+3}.\frac{c+2}{c-3}\le\left(\frac{a-2}{a+3}+\frac{b-2}{b+3}+\frac{c-2}{c+3}\right).\left(\frac{a+2}{a-3}+\frac{b+2}{b-3}+\frac{c+2}{c-3}\right)\)
Mà \(\frac{a-2}{a+3}+\frac{b-2}{b+3}+\frac{c-2}{c+3}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2-4}{a^2-9}+\frac{b^2-4}{b^2-9}+\frac{c^2-4}{c^2-9}\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{5}{a^2-9}+\frac{5}{b^2-9}+\frac{5}{c^2-9}\le-3\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2-9}+\frac{1}{b^2-9}+\frac{1}{c^2-9}\le\frac{-3}{5}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=c=2
Tìm max nha mấy god, e bị nhầm sory