Cho 200g dung dịch NaOH 2% (d=1g/ml) vào 50g dung dịch H2SO4 49%. (d=1,05g/ml). Tính nồng độ mol của các ion
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MN
14 tháng 7 2021
\(n_{NaOH}=0.25\cdot2=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0.25\cdot1=0.25\left(mol\right)\)
\(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2O\)
\(0.5..............0.25................0.25\)
\(\left[Na^+\right]=\dfrac{0.25\cdot2}{0.25+0.25}=1\left(M\right)\)
\(\left[SO_4^{2-}\right]=\dfrac{0.25}{0.25+0.25}=0.5\left(M\right)\)
HP
18 tháng 9 2021
a, \(n_{H^+}=n_{OH^-}=9.10^{-3}\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M\left(H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{\dfrac{9.10^{-3}}{2}}{0,05}=0,09M\)
b, \(\left[SO_4^{2-}\right]=\dfrac{4,5.10^{-3}}{0,05+0,15}=0,6M\)
\(\left[Na^+\right]=\dfrac{0,15.0,06}{0,05+0,15}=0,045M\)
\(\left[H^+\right]=\left[OH^-\right]=\dfrac{9.10^{-3}}{0,05+0,15}=0,045M\)
MN
24 tháng 8 2021
\(n_{NaOH}=0.1\cdot0.1=0.01\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{KOH}=0.1\cdot0.1=0.01\left(mol\right)\)
\(V=0.1+0.1=0.2\left(l\right)\)
\(\left[Na^+\right]=\dfrac{0.01}{0.2}=0.05\left(M\right)\)
\(\left[K^+\right]=\dfrac{0.01}{0.2}=0.05\left(M\right)\)
\(\left[OH^-\right]=\dfrac{0.01+0.01}{0.2}=0.1\left(M\right)\)
\(b.\)
\(pH=14+log\left[OH^-\right]=14+log\left(0.1\right)=13\)
\(c.\)
\(H^++OH^-\rightarrow H_2O\)
\(0.02........0.02\)
\(V_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0.02}{1}=0.02\left(l\right)\)
MN
24 tháng 8 2021
\(a.\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0.1\cdot0.1=0.01\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{KOH}=0.1\cdot0.1=0.01\left(mol\right)\)
\(V=0.1+0.1=0.2\left(l\right)\)
\(\left[Na^+\right]=\dfrac{0.01}{0.2}=0.05\left(M\right)\)
\(\left[K^+\right]=\dfrac{0.01}{0.2}=0.05\left(M\right)\)
\(\left[OH^+\right]=\dfrac{0.01+0.01}{0.2}=0.1\left(M\right)\)
\(b.\)
\(pH=14+log\left(0.1\right)=13\)
\(c.\)
\(H^++OH^-\rightarrow H_2O\)
\(0.02.......0.02\)
\(V_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0.02}{1}=0.02\left(l\right)\)
24 tháng 8 2021
a) Ta có: \(n_{NaOH}=0,1\cdot0,1=n_{KOH}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{OH^-}=0,02\left(mol\right)\\n_{Na^+}=n_{K^+}=0,01\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[OH^-\right]=\dfrac{0,02}{0,2}=0,1\left(M\right)\\\left[Na^+\right]=\left[K^+\right]=\dfrac{0,01}{0,2}=0,05\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) Ta có: \(pH=14+log\left[OH^-\right]=13\)
c) PT ion: \(OH^-+H^+\rightarrow H_2O\)
Theo PT ion: \(n_{H^+}=n_{OH^-}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=0,01\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,01}{1}=0,01\left(l\right)=10\left(ml\right)\)
13 tháng 9 2021
Bài 1:
\(a.n_{NaOH\left(tổng\right)}=0,05.1+0,2.0,2=0,09\left(mol\right)\\ V_{ddNaOH\left(tổng\right)}=50+200=250\left(ml\right)=0,25\left(l\right)\\ C_{MddNaOH\left(cuối\right)}=\dfrac{0,09}{0,25}=0,36\left(M\right)\\ b.n_{HCl}=0,5.0,02=0,01\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,08.0,2=0,016\left(mol\right)\\ V_{ddsau}=20+80=100\left(ml\right)=0,1\left(l\right)\\ C_{MddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,016}{0,1}=0,16\left(M\right)\\ C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{0,01}{0,1}=0,1\left(M\right)\)
13 tháng 9 2021
Bài 2:
\(a.m_{H_2SO_4}=29,4.10\%=2,94\left(g\right)\\ b.n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{2,94}{98}=0,03\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,56}{56}=0,01\left(mol\right)\\ Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,01}{1}< \dfrac{0,03}{1}\Rightarrow H_2SO_4dư\\ n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,03-0,01=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,02.98=1,96\left(g\right)\\ n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,01\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,01.22,4=0,224\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200\cdot2\%}{40}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{50\cdot49\%}{98}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)
\(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
\(0.1...............0.05...........0.05\)
\(n_{Na_2SO_4}=0.05\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0.25-0.05=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{dd}=\dfrac{200}{1}+\dfrac{50}{1.05}=247.6\left(ml\right)=0.2476\left(l\right)\)
\(\left[Na^+\right]=\dfrac{0.05\cdot2}{0.2476}=0.4\left(M\right)\)
\(\left[H^+\right]=\dfrac{0.2\cdot2}{0.2476}=1.6\left(M\right)\)
\(\left[SO_4^{2-}\right]=\dfrac{0.05+0.2}{0.2476}=1\left(M\right)\)
$n_{NaOH} = \dfrac{200.2\%}{40} = 0,1(mol)$
$n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{50.49\%}{98} = 0,25(mol)$
$2NaOH + H_2SO_4 \to Na_2SO_4 + 2H_2O$
$n_{NaOH} : 2 < n_{H_2SO_4} : 1$ nên $H_2SO_4$ dư
$n_{H_2SO_4\ dư} = 0,25 - 0,1.0,5 = 0,2(mol)$
$n_{H^+\ dư} = 0,2.2 = 0,4(mol)$
Sau phản ứng :
$V_{dd} = \dfrac{200}{1} + 50.1,05 = 252,5(ml) = 0,2525(lít)$
Bảo toàn Na, S ta có :
$[Na^+] = \dfrac{0,1}{0,2525} = 0,4M$
$[SO_4^{2-}] = \dfrac{0,25}{0,2525} = 0,99M$
$[H^+] = \dfrac{0,4}{0,2525} = 1,58M$