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Mg + 2 H2SO4 (đ) -to-> MgSO4 + SO2 + 2 H2O
x_________2x__________________x(mol)
2 Fe + 6 H2SO4(đ) -to-> Fe2(SO4)3 + 3 SO2 + 6 H2O
y______3y_____________________1,5y(mol)
Ta có hpt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+56y=18,4\\x+1,5y=0,6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,3\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> mMg= 0,3.24=7,2(g)
=> %mMg= (7,2/18,4).100=39,13%
=>%mFe= 60,87%
b) nH2SO4(tổng)=2x+3y=2.0,3+3.0,2=1,2(mol)
VddH2SO4=1,2/2=0,6(l)
a) Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow56a+24b=18,4\) (1)
Ta có: \(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn electron: \(3a+2b=0,6\cdot2\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot56}{18,4}\cdot100\%\approx60,87\%\\\%m_{Mg}=39,13\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgSO_4}=n_{Mg}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{SO_2}+3n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}+n_{MgSO_4}=1,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1,2}{2}=0,6\left(l\right)=600\left(ml\right)\)
a) Gọi số mol Fe, Mg là a, b (mol)
=> 56a + 24b = 1,04 (1)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
a--->2a-------------->a
Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
b---->2b------------->b
=> a + b = 0,03 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,01 (mol); b = 0,02 (mol)
mFe = 0,01.56 = 0,56 (g)
mMg = 0,02.24 = 0,48 (g)
b) nHCl(lý thuyết) = 2a + 2b = 0,06 (mol)
=> \(n_{HCl\left(tt\right)}=\dfrac{0,06.110}{100}=0,066\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{dd.HCl\left(tt\right)}=\dfrac{0,066}{0,1}=0,66\left(l\right)\)
a, Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
a--->2a------------------>a
2Al + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
b---->3b-------------------->1,5b
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+27b=16,6\\a+1,5b=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{\left(0,2.2+0,2.3\right).36,5}{300}.100\%=12,167\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
gọi nFe : a , nAl: b (a,b>0) => 56a + 27b = 16,6 (g)
\(pthh:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
a a
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
b \(\dfrac{3b}{2}\)
=> \(a+\dfrac{3b}{2}=0,5\)
ta có hệ pt
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+27b=16,6\\a+\dfrac{3b}{2}=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> a= 0,2 , b = 0,2
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=16,6-11,2=5,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(pthh:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,4
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,2 0,6
=> \(m_{HCl}=\left(0,4+0,6\right).36,5=36,5\left(g\right)\)
=> \(C\%=\dfrac{36,5}{200}.100\%=18,25\%\)
Fe+2HCl->Fecl2+H2
x-----2x-----------------x
Mg+2Hcl->MgCl2+h2
y-------2y----------------y
a)
ta có :\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+24y=10,2\\x+y=0,35\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>x=0,05625 , y=0,29375
=>m Fe=0,05625.56=3,15g
=>m Mg=7,05g
=>VHCl=\(\dfrac{0,05625.2+0,29375.2}{0,1}\)=7l=7000ml
1.1. Al + NaOH + H2O ==> NaAlO2 + 3/2H2
nH2(1)=3,36/22,4=0.15(mol)
=> nAl(1)= nH2(1):3/2= 0.15:3/2= 0.1(mol)
2.Mg + 2HCl ==> MgCl2 + H2
3.2Al + 6HCl ==> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
4.Fe + 2HCl ==> FeCl2 + H2
=> \(n_{H_2\left(2,3,4\right)}=\) 10.08/22.4= 0.45(mol)
=> nH2(3)=0.1*3/2=0.15(mol)
MgCl2 + 2NaOH ==> Mg(OH)2 + 2NaCl
AlCl3 + 3NaOH ==> Al(OH)3 + 3NaCl
FeCl2 + 2NaOH ==> Fe(OH)2 + 2NaCl
2al+ 6hcl-> 2alcl3+3h2
a-> 3a a 1,5a
fe+2hcl-> fecl2+h2
b->2b b b
27a+56b= 5,5
1,5a+b=4,48/22,4
=> a=0,1; b=0,05
=> %mal=0,1*27/5,5*100=49,09%
=>%mfe= 100-49,09=50,9%
mhcl= 3a+2b= 3*0,1+2*0,05=0,4
=>mddhcl= 0,4*36,5*100/14,6=100g
-> vddhcl=100/ 1,08=92,592ml
mddsau pư= 5,5+100-0,2*2=105,1
C% alcl3= 133,5*0,1/105,1*100=12,7
Cfecl2= 127* 0,05/105,1*100=6,04
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1(mol)\\ Mg+2HCl\to MgCl_2+H_2\\ MgO+2HCl\to MgCl_2+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{Mg}=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,1.24}{6,4}.100\%=37,5\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{MgO}=100\%-37,5\%=62,5\%\)
\(b,n_{MgO}=\dfrac{6,4-0,1.24}{40}=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{HCl}=2.0,1+2.0,1=0,4(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}=0,8(l)\\ c,n_{MgCl_2}=0,1+0,1=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{MgCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,8}=0,25M\)
a) Gọi số mol Al, Fe là x, y
mhh = mAl + mFe
→ 27x + 56y = 5,5 (1)
nH2 = 4,48 : 22,4 = 0,2 mol
2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2↑
x → 3x → x → \(\frac{3x}{2}\)
Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2↑
y → 2y → y → y
nH2 =\(\frac{3x}{2}\)+ y = 0,2 (mol) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) → x = 0,1; y = 0,05
\(\%m_{Al}=\frac{0,1.27}{5,5}.100\%=49,09\%\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=100\%-49,09\%=50,91\%\)
b) nHCl p.ứ = 3 . 0,1 + 2 . 0,05 = 0,4 (mol)
mHCl = 0,4 . 36,5 = 14,6 (g)
mdd HCl = 14,6 : 14,6% = 100(g)
mdd sau phản ứng = mKL + mdd HCl - mH2
= 5,5 + 100 - 0,2 . 2
= 105,1 (g)
Sau phản ứng dung dịch có: AlCl3 (0,1 mol); FeCl2 (0,05 mol)
\(C\%_{AlCl3}=\frac{0,1.133,5}{105,1}.100\%=12,7\%\)
\(C\%_{FeCl2}=\frac{0,05.127}{105,1}.100\%=6,04\%\)