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Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50. The work of women has been economically vital since prehistory, although their contributions have varied according to the structure, needs, customs, and attitudes of society. In prehistoric times, women and men participated almost equally in hunting and gathering activities to obtain food. With the development of agricultural...
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Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to

indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.

The work of women has been economically vital since prehistory, although their contributions have varied according to the structure, needs, customs, and attitudes of society.

In prehistoric times, women and men participated almost equally in hunting and gathering activities to obtain food. With the development of agricultural communities, women’s work revolved more around the home. As urban centres developed, women sold or traded goods in the marketplace.

From ancient to modern times, four generalizations can be made about women's paid work. Women have worked because of economic necessity; poor women in particular worked outside the home whether they were unmarried or married, and especially if their husbands were unable to sustain the family solely through their own work. Women’s indentured work has often been similar to their work at home. Women have maintained the primary responsibility for raising children, regardless of their paid work. Women have historically been paid less than men and have been allocated lower-status work.

Some major changes are now occurring in industrial nations, including the steadily increasing proportion of women in the labor force; decreasing family responsibilities (due to both smaller family size and technological innovation in the home); higher levels of education for women; and more middle and upper-income women working for pay or for job satisfaction. Statistically, they have not yet achieved parity of pay or senior appointments in the workplace in any nation

Artisans working in their own homes not infrequently used the labor of their families. This custom was so prevalent during the Middle Ages, craft guilds of the period, including some that otherwise excluded women, often admitted to membership the widows of guild members, providing they met professional requirements. Dressmaking and lacemaking guilds were composed exclusively of women.

Gradually, the guilds were replaced by the putting-out system, whereby tools and materials were distributed to workers by merchants; the workers then produced articles on a piecework basis in their homes.

During the 18th and early 19th centuries, as the Industrial Revolution developed, the putting-out system slowly declined. Goods that had been produced by hand in the home were manufactured by machine under the factory system. Women competed more with men for some jobs, but were concentrated primarily in textile mills and clothing factories. Manufacturers often favored women employees because of relevant skills and lower wages, and also because early trade union organization tended to occur first among men. Employees in sweatshops were also preponderantly women. The result was to institutionalize systems of low pay, poor working conditions, long hours, and other abuses, which along with child labor presented some of the worst examples of worker exploitation in early industrial capitalism. Minimum wage legislation and other protective laws, when introduced, concentrated particularly on the alleviation of these abuses of working women.

Women workers in business and the professions, the so-called white-collar occupations, suffered less from poor conditions of work and exploitative labor, but were denied equality of pay and opportunity. The growing use of the typewriter and the telephone after the 1870s created two new employment niches for women, as typists and telephonists, but in both fields the result was again to institutionalize a permanent category of low-paid, low-status women’s work.

The word “indentured” in this context may mostly means _____.

A. outside the home      

B. in the kitchen   

C. outside the kitchen     

D. inside the home

1
30 tháng 12 2019

Đáp án A

Thông tin nằm ở đoạn 3: “Women’s indentured work has often been similar to their work at home.”
- indentured work = work outside the home

17 tháng 8 2018

Đáp án B

Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu

Giải thích:

Ý chính của đoạn cuối cùng là gì?

  A. Các nhà khoa học nghiên cứu về lão hóa đã kiểm soát quá trình lão hóa.

  B. Các nhà khoa học nghiên cứu về lão hóa đang làm việc chăm chỉ để giúp mọi người sống lâu hơn và khỏe mạnh hơn.

  C. Các nhà khoa học nghiên cứu về lão hóa đang cố gắng mang lại cho con người một cuộc sống vĩnh cửu.

  D. Các nhà khoa học nghiên cứu về lão hóa hiện có thể làm chậm quá trình lão hóa.

Thông tin: They are trying to discover how this clock works so that they can slow down the process. This could give man a longer life and a great number of productive years.

Tạm dịch: Họ đang nỗ lực tìm ra cách mà chiếc đồng hồ này hoạt động để có thể làm chậm đi quá trình này. Điều này có thể giúp cho con người sống lâu hơn và có được những năm tháng đóng góp nhiều hơn. 

26 tháng 9 2019

Đáp án: D

Giải thích: Mấu chốt của câu này là các em phải đọc hết đoạn cuối để suy ra cái mà tác giả muốn hướng tới: Con người phải đối mặt với sự lựa chọn khó khăn: sự sống của mình hay cứu lấy động vật.

31 tháng 10 2018

Đáp án B

Giải thích

work on a night shift: làm ca đêm

Dịch: Cha của tôi phải làm ca đêm tuần một lầ

Read  the  following  passage  and  mark  the  letter A, B, C, or D on  your  answer  sheet  to  indicate  the correct   answer  to  each  of  the  questions   from   22  to  26A.   Read the passage carefully, then choose the correct answer.The ruined temples of Angkor are perhaps one of the mast impressive Seven Wonders of the World. Located in modern day Cambodia near Lake TonIe Sap, the largest freshwater lake in Asia, Angkor was the seat of power for the Khmer Empire from the ninth to the...
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Read  the  following  passage  and  mark  the  letter A, B, C, or D on  your  answer  sheet  to  indicate  the correct   answer  to  each  of  the  questions   from   22  to  26

A.   Read the passage carefully, then choose the correct answer.

The ruined temples of Angkor are perhaps one of the mast impressive Seven Wonders of the World. Located in modern day Cambodia near Lake TonIe Sap, the largest freshwater lake in Asia, Angkor was the seat of power for the Khmer Empire from the ninth to the fifteenth century. The ruins of Angkor are documented as same .of the mast impressive ones in the world, rivaling the pyramids of Giza in Egypt. Why this mighty civilization died out is a question that archeologists are now only beginning to ponder. The answer, it turns out, may be linked with the availability of fresh water.

One possible explanation far the downfall of the Khmer Empire has to do with the inhabitants' irrigation system. The temple and palaces of Angkor were constructed around a series of artificial reservoirs and canals which were annually flooded to capacity by the Mekong River. Once filled, they were used to irrigate the surrounding rice patties and farmland during the course of the year. Farmers were completely dependent upon the water for their crucial rice crop. Without consistent irrigation, the farmers would have been unable to maintain functional crop production.

Scientists speculate that toward the end of the Khmer Empire the hydraulic systems of the reservoirs and canals broke down. The construction of hundreds of sandstone temples and palaces required an enormous amount of physical labor. In addition, as the capital of the Khmer Empire, Angkor contained upwards of one hundred thousand people who resided in and around Angkor. In order to feed so many people, the local farmers were driven to grow food quicker and more efficiently. After centuries of continual use, the irrigation system was pushed beyond its capacity. Soil erosion, nutrient depletion, and the loss of water led to decrease in the food supply. With less food available, the people of Angkor slowly began to migrate to other parts of Cambodia thus leaving the marvelous city of Angkor to be swallowed by the jungle. Therefore, it is speculated that the Khmer Empire may have fallen victim to its own decrepit infrastructure.

22. What is the passage mainly about?

A. Modern day agricultural procedures in Cambodia.

B. A possible explanation for the, decline of a civilization.

C. The essential role water plays in farming.

D. Religious temples of the ancient Khmer Empire.

23. The passage preceding the passage most likely discusses ______.

A. architecture of ancient Asian civilization

B. religious practices of the people of Angkor

C. the form of government practiced by the Khmer Empire

D. the other six wonders of the world

24. According to the passage, Lake Tonle Sap in Cambodia ______.

A. is an enormous fresh body of water in Asia

B. was unable to supply enough fish for the people of Angkor

C. became polluted due to a population explosion

D. is one of the Seven Wonders of the World

25. Why does the author mention the hydraulic systems of the reservoirs?

A. They supplied irrigation from the Indian Ocean.

B. They became non-functional due to overuse.

C. They were destroyed by nearby warrior tribes.

D. They helped transport the sandstones for constructing temples.

26. It can be inferred from the passage that the inhabitants of the Khmer Empire ______.

A. were intentionally starved by the farmers

B. lost their food source due to excess rainfall

C. supplemented their diets with 'meat hunted in the nearby jungles

D. depended upon rice as their main source of food

27. All the following are mentioned as events that can affect food supply EXCEPT.

A. erosion of soil                                       B. contamination of soil

C. reduction of nutrients                            D. loss of water supply

 

2
16 tháng 4 2022

Read  the  following  passage  and  mark  the  letter A, B, C, or D on  your  answer  sheet  to  indicate  the correct   answer  to  each  of  the  questions   from   22  to  26

A.   Read the passage carefully, then choose the correct answer.

The ruined temples of Angkor are perhaps one of the mast impressive Seven Wonders of the World. Located in modern day Cambodia near Lake TonIe Sap, the largest freshwater lake in Asia, Angkor was the seat of power for the Khmer Empire from the ninth to the fifteenth century. The ruins of Angkor are documented as same .of the mast impressive ones in the world, rivaling the pyramids of Giza in Egypt. Why this mighty civilization died out is a question that archeologists are now only beginning to ponder. The answer, it turns out, may be linked with the availability of fresh water.

One possible explanation far the downfall of the Khmer Empire has to do with the inhabitants' irrigation system. The temple and palaces of Angkor were constructed around a series of artificial reservoirs and canals which were annually flooded to capacity by the Mekong River. Once filled, they were used to irrigate the surrounding rice patties and farmland during the course of the year. Farmers were completely dependent upon the water for their crucial rice crop. Without consistent irrigation, the farmers would have been unable to maintain functional crop production.

Scientists speculate that toward the end of the Khmer Empire the hydraulic systems of the reservoirs and canals broke down. The construction of hundreds of sandstone temples and palaces required an enormous amount of physical labor. In addition, as the capital of the Khmer Empire, Angkor contained upwards of one hundred thousand people who resided in and around Angkor. In order to feed so many people, the local farmers were driven to grow food quicker and more efficiently. After centuries of continual use, the irrigation system was pushed beyond its capacity. Soil erosion, nutrient depletion, and the loss of water led to decrease in the food supply. With less food available, the people of Angkor slowly began to migrate to other parts of Cambodia thus leaving the marvelous city of Angkor to be swallowed by the jungle. Therefore, it is speculated that the Khmer Empire may have fallen victim to its own decrepit infrastructure.

22. What is the passage mainly about?

A. Modern day agricultural procedures in Cambodia.

B. A possible explanation for the, decline of a civilization.

C. The essential role water plays in farming.

D. Religious temples of the ancient Khmer Empire.

23. The passage preceding the passage most likely discusses ______.

A. architecture of ancient Asian civilization

B. religious practices of the people of Angkor

C. the form of government practiced by the Khmer Empire

D. the other six wonders of the world

24. According to the passage, Lake Tonle Sap in Cambodia ______.

A. is an enormous fresh body of water in Asia

B. was unable to supply enough fish for the people of Angkor

C. became polluted due to a population explosion

D. is one of the Seven Wonders of the World

25. Why does the author mention the hydraulic systems of the reservoirs?

A. They supplied irrigation from the Indian Ocean.

B. They became non-functional due to overuse.

C. They were destroyed by nearby warrior tribes.

D. They helped transport the sandstones for constructing temples.

26. It can be inferred from the passage that the inhabitants of the Khmer Empire ______.

A. were intentionally starved by the farmers

B. lost their food source due to excess rainfall

C. supplemented their diets with 'meat hunted in the nearby jungles

D. depended upon rice as their main source of food

27. All the following are mentioned as events that can affect food supply EXCEPT.

A. erosion of soil                                       B. contamination of soil

C. reduction of nutrients                            D. loss of water supply

16 tháng 4 2022

22-b 23-d 24-a 25-b 26-d 27-b

25 tháng 8 2018

Đáp án: C

7 tháng 10 2019

Đáp án: B

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. One of the biggest trends in television in recent years has been the rise of “Reality TV”. These shows, in which ordinary people are placed in unusual situations and then filmed without a script, have become some of the highest rating shows on television. Early programs of this genre, including Big Brother (from the Netherlands) and Survivor (from the United...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

One of the biggest trends in television in recent years has been the rise of “Reality TV”. These shows, in which ordinary people are placed in unusual situations and then filmed without a script, have become some of the highest rating shows on television. Early programs of this genre, including Big Brother (from the Netherlands) and Survivor (from the United States), have led to dozens of copycat programs in many different countries. A common element to many of these programs is that a number of contestants are placed in a closed environment in which they are filmed 24 hours a day, and every week contestants are thrown off the show. What is it about these shows that makes them so popular? Perhaps it is because viewers enjoy watching ordinary people with real emotions being placed in extraordinary, situations. Or perhaps it is that people are really voyeurs - they enjoy being a spy, looking secretly into other people’s lives.

1. In recent years, "Reality TV has become more and more_______.

A. interesting              B. unusual                   C. popular                   D. enjoyable

2. The underlined word ‘‘which” in the passage refers to_______.

A. a common element                                     B. a closed environment

C. every week                                                 D. the show

3. What is true about “Reality TV”?

A. They are made by ordinary people.           B. They create many copycat programs.

C. They describe people’s lives.                     D. They are filmed without a script.

4. We can infer from the passage that_______.

A. “Reality TV” used to be more trendy

B. “Reality TV" is becoming more and more competitive

C. viewers enjoy watching something real but unusual

D. viewers can become spies to look into other people’s lives

1
18 tháng 3 2022

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

One of the biggest trends in television in recent years has been the rise of “Reality TV”. These shows, in which ordinary people are placed in unusual situations and then filmed without a script, have become some of the highest rating shows on television. Early programs of this genre, including Big Brother (from the Netherlands) and Survivor (from the United States), have led to dozens of copycat programs in many different countries. A common element to many of these programs is that a number of contestants are placed in a closed environment in which they are filmed 24 hours a day, and every week contestants are thrown off the show. What is it about these shows that makes them so popular? Perhaps it is because viewers enjoy watching ordinary people with real emotions being placed in extraordinary, situations. Or perhaps it is that people are really voyeurs - they enjoy being a spy, looking secretly into other people’s lives.

1. In recent years, "Reality TV has become more and more_______.

A. interesting              B. unusual                   C. popular                   D. enjoyable

2. The underlined word ‘‘which” in the passage refers to_______.

A. a common element                                     B. a closed environment

C. every week                                                 D. the show

3. What is true about “Reality TV”?

A. They are made by ordinary people.           B. They create many copycat programs.

C. They describe people’s lives.                     D. They are filmed without a script.

4. We can infer from the passage that_______.

A. “Reality TV” used to be more trendy

B. “Reality TV" is becoming more and more competitive

C. viewers enjoy watching something real but unusual

D. viewers can become spies to look into other people’s lives

18 tháng 3 2022

3. What is true about “Reality TV”?

A. They are made by ordinary people.           B. They create many copycat programs.

C. They describe people’s lives.                     D. They are filmed without a script.

4. We can infer from the passage that_______.

A. “Reality TV” used to be more trendy

B. “Reality TV" is becoming more and more competitive

C. viewers enjoy watching something real but unusual

29 tháng 1 2018

Đáp án là A. overlooked: bị bỏ qua

Nghĩa các từ còn lại: overtaken : qua mặt; overcome: vượt qua; overcast: u ám

5 tháng 10 2017

Đáp án: C

Giải thích: Dẫn chứng nằm ở 2 dòng cuối của đoạn 1.

30 tháng 5 2019

Đáp án A

Refuse + to V = từ chối làm gì

Avoid + V-ing = tránh làm gì

Deny + V-ing = phủ nhận làm gì     

Bother + to V = phiền làm gì

→ Dùng “refused” để phù hợp ngữ cảnh

Dịch: Bộ trưởng từ chối cho ý kiến liệu tất cả các mỏ than sẽ bị đóng.