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Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,1.1,2=0,12\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
2Al + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
a 3a a 1,5a
Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
b 2b b b
Hệ pt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+56b=1,66\\1,5a+b=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,02.27=0,54\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,02.56=1,12\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M\left(AlCl_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,1}=0,2M\\C_{M\left(FeCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,1}=0,2M\\C_{M\left(HCl.dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,12-0,02.3-0,02.2}{0,1}=0,2M\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(a)Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(b)n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3}{24}=0,125mol\\ n_{HCl}=0,1.1=0,1mol\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{0,125}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{2}\Rightarrow Mg.dư\\ n_{H_2}=n_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1}{2}=0,05mol\\ V_{H_2}=0,05.24,79=1,2395l\\ c)C_{M_{MgCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,1}=0,5M\)
Đoạn xét tỉ lệ phải là \(\dfrac{0,125}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{2}\) em nhé.
\(a.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15mol\\ 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,1 0,3 0,1 0,15
\(m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7g\\ b.C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,3}=1M\\ c.C_{\%HCl}=\dfrac{0,3.36,5}{300.1,2}\cdot100=3,04\%\\ d)m_{dd}=2,7+300.1,2-0,15.2=362,4g\\ C_{\%AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,1.133,5}{362,4}\cdot100=3,68\%\)
nCaO=0,4 mol
mH2O=1g=>nH2O=1/18mol
PTHH: CaO+H2O=> Ca(OH)2
0,4:1/18 => nCaO dư theo nH2O
Cm=1/18:1=1/18M
a. Đổi 200 ml = 0,2 lít
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11.2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=2.0,2=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl2 + H2
0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1
Ta thấy : \(\dfrac{0.2}{1}>\dfrac{0.2}{2}\) => Fe dư , HCl đủ
\(m_{Fe\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,2-0,1\right).56=5,6\left(g\right)\)
b. \(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
c. Sau phản ứng chất tan là FeCl2
\(V_{FeCl_2}=0,1.2=0,2\left(l\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{FeCl_2}}=\dfrac{0.1}{0,2}=0,5\left(M\right)\)
Câu 1
\(a)PTHH:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\
b)200ml=0,2l\\
n_{HCl}=0,2.1=0,2mol\\
n_{H_2}=n_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot0,2=0,1mol\\
V_{H_2}=0,1.24,79=2,479l\\
c)C_{M_{MgCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\)
\(a,n_{MgCO_3}=\dfrac{8,4}{84}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(MgCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+CO_2\uparrow+H_2O\)
0,1------->0,2-------->0,1-------->0,1
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\a=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4M\end{matrix}\right.\\ b,m_{muối}=0,1.95=9,5\left(g\right)\)
Bài 1:
Ta có: \(n_{HCl}=0,2.0,5=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
BTNT H, có: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2O}\Rightarrow n_{H_2O}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Theo ĐL BTKL, có: m oxit + mHCl = mmuối + mH2O
⇒ mmuối = 2,8 + 0,1.36,5 - 0,05.18 = 5,55 (g)
Bài 2:
\(m_{KOH}=200.5,6\%=11,2\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{KOH}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2KOH+CuCl_2\rightarrow2KCl+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{KOH}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1.98=9,8\left(g\right)\)
