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\(I_{V1}=\dfrac{U_1}{R_V};I_{V2}=\dfrac{U_2}{R_V};I_{V3}=\dfrac{U_3}{R_V}\)
\(U_2=\left(2R+R_V\right)I_{V1}=\left(2R+R_V\right)\cdot\dfrac{U_1}{R_V}=U_1\left(\dfrac{2R}{R_V}+1\right)\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{R}{R_V}=\dfrac{\dfrac{U_2}{U_1}-1}{2}\left(1\right)\)
\(U_3=2R\left(I_{V1}+I_{V2}\right)+U_2=2R\left(\dfrac{U_1+U_2}{R_V}\right)+U_2=\dfrac{R}{R_V}\cdot2\left(U_1+U_2\right)+U_2\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right)\left(2\right)\Rightarrow U_3=\left(\dfrac{U_2}{U_1}-1\right)\left(U_1+U_2\right)+U_2\)
thay số ta được: \(5=\left(U_2-1\right)\left(U_2+1\right)+U_2=U^2_2+U_2-1\Leftrightarrow U^2_2+U_2-6=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}U_2=2V\\U_2=-3\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(U_4=2R\left(I_{V1}+I_{V2}+I_{V3}\right)+U_3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow U_4=\dfrac{2R}{R_V}\left(U_1+U_2+U_3\right)+U_3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow U_4=\left(\dfrac{U_2}{U_1}-1\right)\left(U_1+U_2+U_3\right)+U_3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow U_4=\left(2-1\right)\left(1+2+5\right)+5=13V\)
a, theo bài ra cùng sơ đồ mạch trên
\(=>R2nt\left(R1//Rv\right)\)
vôn kế chỉ \(U1=60V\)\(=Uv\)
\(=>I1=\dfrac{U1}{R1}=\dfrac{60}{2000}=0,03A\)
\(=>U2=U-U1=180-60=120V\)
\(=>I2=\dfrac{U2}{R2}=\dfrac{120}{3000}=0,04A\)
b,\(=>Im=I2=I1+Iv=>Iv=I2-I1=0,04-0,03=0,01A\)
\(=>Rv=\dfrac{Uv}{Iv}=\dfrac{60}{0,01}=6000\left(om\right)\)
theo bài ra mắc vôn kế song song với R2
\(=>R1nt\left(Rv//R2\right)\)
\(=>U\left(R2v\right)=Im.\dfrac{R2.Rv}{R2+Rv}=\dfrac{U}{Rtd}.\dfrac{3000.6000}{9000}\)
\(=\dfrac{180}{R1+\dfrac{R2.Rv}{R2+Rv}}.2000=\dfrac{180}{2000+2000}.2000=90V\)
\(=>U\left(R2v\right)=90V=>Uv=90V\)
a)Nối M và B bằng một vôn kế rất lớn.
Khi đó CTM là: \(\left(R_1//\left(R_2ntR_3\right)\right)ntR_4\)
Ta có: \(U_V=U_3+U_4\)
\(R_{23}=R_2+R_3=6+6=12\Omega\)
\(R_{123}=\dfrac{R_1\cdot R_{23}}{R_1+R_{23}}=\dfrac{6\cdot12}{6+12}=4\Omega\)
\(R_{tđ}=R_{123}+R_4=4+2=6\Omega\)
\(I_4=I_{123}=I=\dfrac{U}{R_{tđ}}=\dfrac{18}{6}=3A\Rightarrow U_4=I_4\cdot R_4=3\cdot2=6V\)
\(U_{23}=U_{123}=I_{123}\cdot R_{123}=3\cdot4=12V\)
\(I_2=I_3=I_{23}=\dfrac{U_{23}}{R_{23}}=\dfrac{12}{12}=1A\Rightarrow U_3=I_3\cdot R_3=1\cdot6=6V\)
Vậy \(U_V=U_3+U_4=6+6=12V\)
b)Nối M với B bằng một ampe kế lớn.
Khi đó CTM là \(\left(R_1nt\left(R_3//R_4\right)\right)//R_2\)
Ta có: \(I_A=I_2+I_3\)
\(R_{34}=\dfrac{R_3\cdot R_4}{R_3+R_4}=\dfrac{6\cdot2}{6+2}=1,5\Omega\)
\(R_{134}=R_1+R_{34}=6+1,5=7,5\Omega\)
\(R_{tđ}=\dfrac{R_{134}\cdot R_2}{R_{134}+R_2}=\dfrac{7,5\cdot6}{7,5+6}=\dfrac{10}{3}\Omega\)
\(U_2=U_{134}=U=18V\)
\(I_2=\dfrac{U_2}{R_2}=\dfrac{18}{6}=3A\)
\(I_{34}=I_{134}=\dfrac{U_{134}}{R_{134}}=\dfrac{U}{R_{134}}=\dfrac{18}{7,5}=2,4A\)
\(U_3=U_4=U_{34}=I_{34}\cdot R_{34}=2,4\cdot1,5=3,6V\)
\(I_3=\dfrac{U_3}{R_3}=\dfrac{3,6}{6}=0,6A\)
Vậy \(I_A=I_2+I_3=3+0,6=3,6A\)
a) Chập M và N lại ta có mạch ((R3//R4)ntR2)//R1
R342=\(\dfrac{R3.R4}{R3+R4+RR2=}+R2=\dfrac{6.6}{6+6}+9=12\Omega\)
Rtđ=\(\dfrac{R342.R1}{R342+R1}=6\Omega\)
=>\(I=\dfrac{U}{Rt\text{đ}}=\dfrac{24}{6}=4A\)
Vì R342//R1=>U342=U1=U=24V
=> \(I1=\dfrac{U1}{R1}=\dfrac{24}{12}=2A\)
Vì R23ntR2=>I34=I2=I342=\(\dfrac{U342}{R342}=\dfrac{24}{12}=2A\)
Vì R3//R4=>U3=U4=U34=I34.R34=2.3=6V
=>I3=\(\dfrac{U3}{R3}=\dfrac{6}{6}=1A\)
Ta lại có Ia=I1+I3=3A
