Question

[Triều Nguyễn Quốc]

A. PHONETICS

Mark the questions with the correct tone, using the falling arrow () or the rising arrow (). Then practise the conversation with a partner.

Nick: What will people eat in ten years’ time?

Expert: There will be less food around and some people will eat very little.

Nick: There will be less food in the world? Will we buy more vitamins?

Expert: Yes, we will. We will probably take more vitamins and minerals because there won’t be a lot of them in our food.

Nick: We’ll get more vitamins? What will happen to fast food?

Expert: Oh, fast food won’t disappear, but it will change.

Nick: Fast food will change?

Expert: We’ll buy salads and fresh sandwiches, not chips and burgers.

Nick: Chips and burgers are not good for our health. Will we go to restaurants?

Expert: Yes, we will, but home-cooking will be more popular.

Nick: Home-cooking will be more popular?

Expert: Because it’s cheaper.

Nick: What will people cook?

Expert: It’s difficult to say. This year, Japanese food is the most popular because it’s quick and healthy.

Nick: Japanese food is the most popular?

Expert: But this fashion will probably change.

Nick: No, we won’t. People will always eat their traditional local dishes.

B. VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR

I. Match the food quantifiers in column A with the groups of nouns in column B. Write the answer in each blank.

Answer	A	B
	1. a spoonful of 2. a glass of/ a bottle of 3. a cup of/ a mug of/ a pot of 4. a bag of 5. a carton of 6. a head of 7. a bunch of 8. a cube of 9. a slice of 10. a clove of	A. lettuce, cabbage, cauliflower, garlic, broccoli B. flour, sugar, oat, beans C. sausage, bread, pork, cheese D. milk, water, beer, wine, cola E. grapes, bananas, onions, carrots F. eggs, milk, yogurt, soup G. honey, medicine, ice cream, sugar H. garlic, shallots I. coffee, tea, cocoa, hot water J. butter, sugar, ice

II. Match each cooking verb in column A with its definition in column B. Write the answer in each blank.

Answer	A	B
	1. bake 2. roast 3. boil 4. fry 5. steam 6. simmer 7. toast 8. stir-fry 9. barbecue 10. stew	A. cook something slowly in hot liquid kept at or just below the boiling point (85°c/ 95°C) B. cook food in hot oil, or fat C. cook food over charcoal on a grill D. cook or brown food, like bread or cheese by exposing it to a grill or fire E. cook, especially meat, in an oven or over a fire F. cook meat and vegetables slowly in liquid in a closed dish or pan G. fry very quickly over high heat H. cook in an oven without any extra fat I. cook food in boiling water that is 100°C J. cook food by heating it in the steam made from boiling water

III. Make each way to cook an egg with its instruction. Write the answer in each blank.

Answer	A	B
	1. A hard-boiled egg 2. A soft-boiled egg in an eggcup 3. A poached egg 4. A scrambled egg 5. A sunny-side-up egg 6. An over-easy egg 7. An over-hard egg 8. A baked egg	A. Crack an egg and cook for 3—5 minutes in water at about 80°C. B. Flip the egg over and fry the other side for a few seconds. C. Fry in a pan with yolk left runny. D. Cook for 10 minutes in boiling water. E. Flip the egg over and fry the second side until the yolk is solid. F. Bake the egg into a greased pan until the yolk begins to thicken. G. Cook for 3 minutes in boiling water. H. Fry a whisked egg in a pan. Stir while it is cooking.

IV. Read the text about a traditional English breakfast. Fill each blank with the verbs in the box.

An English Breakfast Sandwich

 The English breakfast is famous all over the world. People usually have it when they are on holiday or at the weekend because it’s a very big breakfast. When people have an English breakfast, they always have bacon and eggs and they sometimes have other things like tomatoes, sausages, and beans.

 Here is a recipe for an English breakfast sandwich.

Ingredients	Instructions
bread (2 pieces) a tomato bacon an egg some oil salt and pepper	(1)       the bread. (2)       the tomato. (3)       the tomato, bacon, and egg in some oil; sometimes (4)            the bacon. (5)       one piece of bread on the plate. (6)       the bacon, then the egg, then the tomato. (7)       some salt and pepper. (8) the other piece of toast on top.
Your sandwich is ready. Enjoy it!

V. Underline the correct verb in each sentence.

1. (Stir/ Drain/ Chop) the carrot into small circles.

2. (Mix/ Boil/ Bake) the lasagne for 30 minutes in the oven.

3. After ten minutes, (drain/ boil/ fry) the spaghetti until there is no water left. Then place the pasta into a large bowl.

4. (Peel/ Stir/ Fry) the onion and throw away the skin.

5. (Drain/ Marinate/ Chop) the steak with salt, pepper and lemon.

6. (Simmer/ Fry/ Bake) the onion until it is soft, but not brown.

7. Constantly (fry/ stir/ boil) the mixture using a wooden spoon.

8. When the mixture looks shiny, (fry/ pour/ chop) it into individual dishes.

9. When you have finished preparing the vegetables, (stir/ mix/ chop) them together with your hands.

10. (Fry/ Bake/ Boil) the spaghetti for ten minutes, or until soft.

VI. Fill in each blank in the sentences with the correct word from the box. Each verb has to be used once, and make sure that you use the correct verb forms.

1. You have to             some vegetables before cooking them.

2. To make an apple pie, you              the apples in thin slices.

3. To prepare a whipped cream, you should to             the cream quickly.

4. Swiss cheese is to           before being added to pasta.

5. You should              the sauce you have prepared to be sure that it is not spicy.

6. When you heat a soup on a gas stove, to           it frequently with a wooden spoon.

7. In a bowl, you add different ingredients and then you to              them to obtain a homogenous mixture.

8. Most of the cakes are to           in an oven at 200°C.

9. In an earthenware, you can let the preparation to              for a long time.

10. To prepare poached eggs, remove the shells, and  to            them into boiling water.

VII. Fill each blank of the instructions with a word from the box. A word may be used more than once.

Beef Noodle Soup

        (1)                contents to make broth into a large saucepan.

        (2)                carrots, ginger, cinnamon, star anise, cloves, garlic, and peppercorns.

        (3)                the saucepan for 20 minutes.

        (4)                fish sauce and (5)           about 5 more minutes.

        (6)                all the used spices by draining.

        (7)                noodles in each bowl with beef, onion, shallots, and bean sprouts.

        (8)                broth into each bowl, and serve.

        Each person can (9)          other items such as herbs, basil or chilies to (10)                    to his or her bowl.

VIII. Fill in each blank in the sentences with the correct quantifier from the box. Some quantifiers can go with more than one noun.

1. We bought              of spaghetti.

2. We ate several                of cheese.

3. We bought several                  of chocolate.

4. We bought               of carrots.

5. We used several               of bread.

IX. Fill in each blank in the passage about the instructions to make a Greek salad with the correct word/ phrase from the box.

A Greek Salad

 To make a salad, wash (1)          of lettuce thoroughly and pat the leaves dry. Slice it into small pieces. Boil five spears of asparagus for one minute and let cool. Arrange the (2)                                          of lettuce on a plate and create a "bed". Slice the tomatoes very thin. Place the slices of tomato on the lettuce in a fan shape. Lay the (3)                                            of asparagus on top of the (4)                                          of tomato and lettuce. Take (5)                                                        of cheese and cut it into (6)                                          on top of the tomatoes.

 Place a few leaves of basil on top of the cheese. Mix one (7)           of vinegar with (8)                            of olive oil. Add a large spoonful of salt and pepper. Add a few (9)                                          of ice to keep the salad cold. Then, add (10)                                          of lemon for flavor. Your delicious healthful salad is ready to enjoy!

X. Fill in each gap in the passage with ONE suitable word.

Vietnamese Cooking Habits

 The Vietnamese prefer fresh foods, and will rarely (1)          ready-made or frozen food. Since Viet Nam is an agricultural country, there are many kinds of vegetables and fruits (2)                                          . Viet Nam also has a long coastal line, which means that there are many kinds of (3)                                          available.

 Vietnamese households also prefer cooking and eating at (4)          . As Viet Nam is originally an agricultural country, its culture is a community (5)                                          . Therefore, a family may have several (6)                                          , and meals are family affairs. (7)                                          they may eat out with their friends after work to (8)                                          those relationships, they still join their families’ meals later in the evening.

XI. Fill in each blank with a, an, some, or any.

1. Have you got         orange juice?

2. Fish is        good baby food.

3. We haven’t got       eggs.

4. My little brother is three. He eats with       plastic spoon.

5. Are there       knives on the table?

6. I want        sandwich with          herbs and spices.

7. We haven’t got       more bread. Would you like       biscuits with your cheese?

8. “I’m sorry, we haven’t got          hot food, but we’ve got         sandwiches if you’re hungry.”                            „

9. “What would you like to drink with your breakfast, sir?” - “       black coffee, please.”

10. “Is there       ice cream left?” - “No, there isn’t. Have        apple!

XII. Complete the sentences with a, an, some, or any.

1. We need       cheese to go with the pasta.

2. I’m reading           interesting book at the moment.

3. We haven’t got       homework this weekend.

4. Are there       apples on the table?

5. I’d like        olive oil on my pizza.

6. There isn’t          salt in this soup.

7. Mi got        tickets for the concert.

8. I need        clove of garlic for this recipe.

9. Have we got         rice and fresh fish for the sushi?

10. I’d like        egg for my omelette.

XIII. Read the text, and fill in each blank with the most suitable modal verb.

This week's nutrition tips

1. Eat three times a day. If you are hungry, you            feel moody, and you                    not concentrate.

2. Popular snacks, like crisps or biscuits, aren’t healthy. If we eat a lot of these foods, we                   have problems with our weight. Choose healthy snacks, like fruits.

3. Cook your meals at home from fresh products. If you use fresh products, your meals                    not have a lot of had chemicals and                                           be healthy.

4. Fish is good for the brain. If you don’t eat fish, your memory           get worse.

5. Broccoli and tomatoes have a lot of vitamins and minerals. They             help us to stay healthy if we eat them regularly.

XIV. Use the cues given to make the conditional sentences type 1.

1. You/ not drink/ enough water → feel tired.

 ________________________________________________________________________

2. Children/ eat a lot of sweets → have problems with their teeth.

 ________________________________________________________________________

3. You/ not sleep eight hours every night → feel moody.

 ________________________________________________________________________

4. We/ eat chocolate → feel happy.

 ________________________________________________________________________

5. We/ not eat fruits and vegetables → have health problems.

 ________________________________________________________________________

C. READING

I. Read tile passage and match the ideas to the paragraphs. Write the answer in each blank.

 A. Coffee and tea are bad for you.

 B. There are “good” foods and “bad” foods.

 C. Vegetarian food is always healthy.

 D. Fruit juice is good for you.

 E. Carrots help you see in the dark.

 F. It’s OK not to eat breakfast.

Food: Facts and Myths

1. ____________

 True and false. Natural fruit juice is good for you, but it can be bad for your teeth. So yes, have some orange juice with your breakfast or lunch, but don’t drink any juice between meals. Try water instead. Up to eight glasses of water a day is good for you, and water hasn’t got any calories.

2.  ____________

 False. When you sleep, you don’t eat for a long time and in the morning it’s important to start the day with a good breakfast. Without breakfast, you often feel hungry later in the morning and start eating biscuits or chocolate. These sugary snacks are not a good idea. (If you want a healthy snack, try some nuts or melon.)

3. ____________

 True and false. People drink coffee when they are tired, but it isn’t very healthy so don’t have more than two cups a day and don’t drink any coffee before you go to bed. Tea is generally good for you, but drink it with lemon and put any milk or sugar in it! Green tea is especially healthy'.

4. ____________

 False. Vegetarian dishes often contain a lot of cheese and oil and these can be very fattening. It’s important to eat some vegetables every day. (Doctors say five portions of vegetables and/or fruit). We need the vitamins and minerals, especially from green vegetable.

5. ____________

 False. Carrots have a lot of vitamins A and vitamin A is good for your eyes, but nobody can really see in the dark!

6. ____________

 False. There are good and bad diets. For example, real chocolate contains vitamins and minerals and can help you when you are tired. But it also has a lot of sugar, so don’t eat it often. Eat a balanced diet with some rice, pasta, bread or noodles and lots of vegetables and fruit. You also need protein, from meat, grilled fish, cheese or nuts. And you need oil: olive oil and fish oil are particularly good.

II. Read the text, and identify whether the statements are true (T), or false (F).

 Vietnamese food culture varies by regions from the north to the south. In Northern Viet Nam, Vietnamese food is characterized by light and balanced flavours with the combination of many ingredients. Northerners have been using many kinds of meats like pork, beef, and chicken to cook; besides, some kinds of freshwater fish, crustaceans, and other mollusks like shrimps, crabs, and oysters, etc. Many famous dishes of Viet Nam are cooked with these ingredients such as Bun Rieu, Pho, Bun Rieu, Bun Thang, Bun Cha, Banh Cuon, etc.

 Then, food culture in Central and Southern Viet Nam has developed suitable flavors in each region. In Central Viet Nam, the regional cuisine of Central Viet Nam is famous for its spicy food, which differs from two other parts with mostly non-spicy food. Hue cuisine is typical Central Viet Nam’s food culture. Dishes of Hue cuisine are decorative and colorful, which expresses the influence of the Vietnamese royal cuisine in the feudal period. Food in the region is often decorated sophisticatedly and used with chili peppers and shrimp sauces, namely, Bun Bo Hue, Banh xeo, or Banh beo, etc.

 In Southern Viet Nam, the region is characterized by warm weather and fertile soil, which creates favorable conditions for planting a variety of fruit, vegetables and livestock. Thus, food in the region is often added with garlic, shallots and fresh herbs. Particularly, Southerners are favored of sugar; they add sugar in most dishes. Here, there is also an influence of western and Asian cuisines on southern food, such as influences from China, India, France, and Thailand.

  T F

1. Vietnamese food is rich in flavours and ingredients.  

2. Vietnamese food cuisine differs from region to region.  

3. Dishes in the north are often spicy with shrimps, crabs, and oysters.  

4. Hue cuisine reflects the Vietnamese royal cuisine.  

5. Hue dishes Used to be decorated sophisticatedly in the feudal period.  

6. We can easily see the Western-style food in Central Viet Nam.  

7. Maybe people from other regions feel that southern dishes are sweet.  

8. Food in Central Viet Nam is used with garlic, shallots and flesh herbs  

III. Read the passage and do the tasks that follow.

From bush food to barbecues

 Australia is a huge country and it has a lot of different kinds of food. In the past, the Aboriginal people of Australia ate animals like crocodiles and some insects like the witchetty grub. Aboriginal Australians travelled around the Australian countryside, or ‘bush’, to find food.

 When the first British and Irish people moved to Australia in the 1830s, they brought sheep and cows from Europe. They also brought traditional English and Irish recipes. Many of these recipes, like fish and chips and meat pies, are still popular today. They also created new Australian recipes such as the pavlova (a fruit dessert - named after a Russian dancer) and damper (a bread cooked in the bush).

 After 1945, a lot of people came to live in Australia from countries like Italy, Germany, Greece, Thailand and India. They brought recipes with them and Australians began to eat and drink different things. People started to drink espresso coffee and eat Mediterranean and Asian food.

 A lot of modern Australians love cooking with fresh food. They often cook food on barbecues in their gardens or on the beach. Today more people also eat Aboriginal food like kangaroo and emu. Mark Olive, an Aboriginal chef, has a popular TV cookery programme about traditional bush food. There are always new recipes to try in Australia!

Task 1. Read the passage again, and decide whether the following statements are true (T), false (F), or not given (NG).

  T F NG

1. Australia doesn’t have many different types of food.   

2. In the past, Aboriginal people found food in different places.   

3. British and Irish people brought food and recipes to Australia.   

4. The people who arrived after 1945 didn’t like Australian food.   

5. Australians like food from countries like Italy, Greece, and Thailand.   

6. Cooking outside is popular in Australia.   

7.  Today many people in Australia eat crocodile.   

Task 2. Find words in the passage that mean...

1. very big (paragraph 1): ______________

2. a name for the first people in Australia (paragraph 1): ______________

3. somewhere to cook food outside (paragraph 4): ______________              

IV. Read the passage, and match the statements (1-8) with the diets (A-C).

Healthy diets around the world

 Harry Chen is a fitness expert. In his new book, he describes three healthy diets from around the world and tells us what we can learn from them.

A. The Japanese diet

People in Japan are generally very healthy and one of the main reasons is fish. The Japanese diet includes a lot of fish, which contains healthy oil. Another reason is that they also eat a lot of fruit and vegetables - for any meal, including breakfast. People in Japan eat less than in other countries. This is because: firstly, people eat small portions on separate small plates, not one big plate. Secondly, some people eat until they are about 80 percent full, then wait for ten minutes to see if they are still hungry. This is called hara hachi bu.

B. The Mediterranean diet

Health experts know that a lot of oil in your diet is unhealthy. The Mediterranean diet (for example, in Greece, Italy and Spain) contains a lot of oil, but it is a very healthy diet. This is because they use olive oil, which is good for your heart. Another important factor is that they eat a lot of fruit and vegetables. Vegetables in these countries are often main dishes, not just side dishes. Finally, people in this region eat with family and friends and sometimes a meal lasts several hours. This means people relax and they don’t eat too much.

C. The South Indian diet

There are many different regions in India with different types of food. The South Indian diet is especially healthy as it contains a lot of fruit and vegetables. There is a long tradition of vegetarian food in this region. They eat some meat, but not much. In South India, they add a lot of herbs and spices, like cinnamon and turmeric, to their cooking. The spices not only make the food delicious and attractive, but they are also good for digestion. Health experts also know that some of these spices can fight diseases, such as heart disease and cancer.

1. They eat of lot of fish. ______________

2. They eat a lot of olive oil. ______________

3. They eat a lot of vegetarian food. ______________

4. They eat vegetables as a main dish. ______________

5. They eat vegetables for breakfast. ______________

6. They use spices when they cook. ______________

7. They don’t eat large amounts of food. ______________

8. They take a long time to eat their dinner. ______________

V. Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question.

A World of Sausage

 All over the world, all different cultures created interesting processed meat products, and one of the most popular is undoubtedly sausage.

 To begin with, sausage making may be considered disgusting as it deals with using various animal parts. Since meat is ground up, certain cuts and parts of an animal that wouldn’t be served in their original forms can be used. Literally, this means animal parts such as noses, ears, and other less appetizing areas of an animal’s body. Very often, the ground up meat and flesh is mixed with a certain percentage of fat, along with spices and other fillers. After being mixed well, this meat mixture is then stuffed into the cleaned intestines of the animal, which are then sealed at both ends. The result is sausage.

 The meats used in sausages come from a variety of animals, although beef and pork are by far the favourites. In some cultures, sausage made from the meat of horses is considered a delicacy. When sausages are cooked, the cooking process sometimes adds to the flavour. While boiling is probably the simplest method, smoking sausages will add a lot of smoky flavour.

 Next time you bite into a sausage, it is probably best not to think too much about how it became the tasty thing you are eating. After all, you don’t want to ruin a good snack.

1. Where is the mixture of meat placed?

 A. Inside a plastic package  B. Inside a cleaned intestine

 C. Inside a refrigerator  D. Inside a metal container

2. What won’t be served in their original forms?

 A. Certain cuts and parts of animals B. Spices and fillers

 C. Sausages of all types D. Intestines of an animal

3. What are by far the favourite meats for making sausages?

 A. Chicken B. Horse meat C. Cuts of lamb D. Beef and pork

4. What is the simplest method of cooking sausages?

 A. Grilling B. Smoking C. Boiling D. Baking

5. What advice is given in the passage?

 A. Be careful when making sausages.

 B. Don’t think too much about what you are eating when eating sausages.

 C. Try not to use too much fat in the meat mixture when making sausages.

 D. Make sure intestines are cleaned before packing with meat.

VI. Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question.

Insects on the Menu

 Humans have a long history of eating insects, and it turns out that they can be a very nutritious part of a person’s regular diet. Insects have a lot of protein, and they are often easier to catch than prey animals. Therefore, it is no wonder that when our ancient ancestors saw some tasty worms or grubs wiggling on the ground, they made a quick snack of them.

 In Thailand, insects are a regular part of the street food that can be found. The different insects that people snack on are crickets, grasshoppers, giant water bugs, and assorted worms. They are often deep-fried and salted, so they have a crunchy texture that makes them a perfect snack food. If you can get past the fact that you are eating a cricket, it will crunch in your mouth just like a corn chip!

 For a lot of people, however, it is difficult to get over the fear of eating insects. People tend to see insects as invaders, especially when they are crawling on the food that we are about to eat. Therefore, being able to eat insects without feeling disgusted is cultural. Some people cannot eat French cheese or stinky tofu because they weren’t brought up doing so. To many of us, insects fall right into that category, making it difficult to even try them.

 If given the chance, though, be courageous. Insects can be nutritious and tasty, so long as you can get over the “yuck” factor.

1. Which is the reason given for gathering and eating insects?

 A. They are very easy to find close to the home.

 B. They are more nutritious than most vegetables.

 C. They come in all shapes and sizes.

 D. They are easier to catch than other prey animals.

2. Why are deep-fried insects considered a perfect snack food?

 A. Because they taste exactly like corn chips.

 B. Because they don’t fill you up.

 C. Because they have a crunchy texture.

 D. Because they are not expensive.

3. Which insects are not mentioned in the passage?

 A. water bugs B. grasshoppers C. beetles D. crickets

4. Where are insects a regular part of the street food?

 A. France B Thailand C. Britain D. All of the above

5. What advice is given in the passage?

 A. Be courageous B. Eat very cautiously 

 C. Try eating worms first D. Always cook your insects

VII. Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question.

Free and Easy

 In the past, getting recipes and cooking tips was a complicated process. A person had to go to the store and buy a cook book, or get recipes from friends. Fortunately, the Internet has changed all that. Now, if you want to find a recipe for lasagne or Cobb salad, you just search online. It couldn’t be simpler.

 Cooking blogs are a great source of information because they are free and there are so many of them. They are also nice because they give all different kinds of ideas. The problems with blogs is that because we don’t know who is writing them, we need to use with caution. When you are looking at a new blog, you don’t know if the writer knows what he or she is talking about.

  We’d like to introduce two popular cooking blogs. The first is called Smitten Kitchen. This website is run by a family living in New York City. It focuses on food that doesn’t require many ingredients. If you want to make food that is simple but wonderful, then this is the site for you. It offers hundreds and hundreds of recipes, divided into categories. You will be amazed at how many there are.

 Wednesday Chef is another great cooking blog. It is run by a writer who lives in Berlin. This blog also offers many recipes, along with recommendations for great restaurants in Berlin, and advice for people who want to start their own blogs. Wednesday Chef has great pictures of its food, as well as interesting pictures of Berlin. The blog got its name because in the past, newspapers published their food articles on Wednesdays.

 There ate a lot of cooking blogs on the Internet, and most of them are pretty good. Go online and check some of them out. You might be surprised at how much they can help you improve your cooking.

1. How did Wednesday Chef get, its name?

 A. The writer only posts recipes on Wednesdays.

 B. The writer only cooks on Wednesdays.

 C. The writer was born on a Wednesday.

 D. Newspapers used to publish food articles on Wednesdays.

2. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of cooking blogs?

 A. There are many of them. B. Everyone who writes them is an expert.

 C. They are free. D. They give a lot of different ideas.

3. Who runs the blog Smitten Kitchen?

 A. A family in New York. B. A woman in New York.

 C. A family in Berlin.  D. A woman in Berlin.

4. What does the passage say about Smitten Kitchen?

 A. It only gives recipes on Italian food.

 B. It focuses on simple recipes.

 C. It only offers a few recipes.

 D. Most of the food on that blog is hard to make.

5. Why should we be careful when we are looking at new blogs?

 A. We don’t know who the writers are.

 B. Most new blogs are terrible.

 C. The recipes on new blogs are usually hard to make.

 D. They charge you some fees to get the recipes.

D. SPEAKING

Complete the conversation about eating habits, using the responses (A-H) given.

 A. But people consume three times more salt than necessary in some regions.

 B. All of us should be wise consumers.