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\(x^2+3x+2\) =\(x^2+2.\frac{3}{2}x+\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)^2-\frac{5}{4}\)=\(\left(x+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2-\frac{5}{4}\ge-\frac{5}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=>\(x+\frac{3}{2}=0\)<=>\(x=-\frac{3}{2}\)
Bài 2:
a) \(x^2-4x+y^2+2y+5=0\)
=> \(\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+\left(y^2+2y+1\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2=0\)
Vì \(\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2\ge0\)nên:
=>\(\hept{\begin{cases}x-2=0\\y+1=0\end{cases}}\)<=>\(\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=-1\end{cases}}\)
b)\(2x^2+y^2-2xy+10x+25=0\)
=>\(\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2+10x+25\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x+5\right)^2=0\)
Tới đây thì dễ nhá !
Bài 2:
b: Ta có: \(x\left(x+4\right)\left(x-4\right)-\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=x^3-4x-x^4+1\)
\(=-x^4+x^3-4x+1\)
c: Ta có: \(\left(a+b-c\right)^2-\left(a-c\right)^2-2ab+2ab\)
\(=\left(a+b-c-a+c\right)\left(a+b-c+a-c\right)\)
\(=b\left(2a+b-2c\right)\)
\(=2ab+b^2-2bc\)
a/ x2 + xy + y2 + 1
= [x2 + 2.x.\(\dfrac{y}{2}\) + (\(\dfrac{y}{2}\) )2 ] + \(\dfrac{3y^2}{4}\) + 1
= ( x + \(\dfrac{y}{2}\) )2 + \(\dfrac{3y^2}{4}\) + 1
Vì \(\left(x+\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2\) \(\ge\) 0 với mọi x;y
và \(\dfrac{3y^2}{4}\ge0\) với mọi x;y
=> \(\left(x+\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3y^2}{4}\ge0\) với mọi x;y
=> \(\left(x+\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3y^2}{4}+1>0\)
\(x-y=1\Rightarrow x^2-2xy+y^2=1\Rightarrow x^2+xy+y^2=19\Rightarrow x^3-y^3=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)=1.19=19\)
\(2,a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=2ab+2bc+2ca\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ac+a^2\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0ma:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\\\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\\\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
\(a+b+c=0\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca=0\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4+2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2c^2a^2=4a^2b^2+4b^2c^2+4c^2a^2+4abc\left(a+b+c\right)=4a^2b^2+4c^2a^2+4b^2c^2\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4=2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2c^2a^2\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)=a^4+b^4+c^4+2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2c^2a^2=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\left(dpcm\right)\)
a+b+c=0<=>a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca=0
<=>a^2+b^2+b^c=-2ab-2bc-2ca
<=>(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2=4a^2b^2+4b^2c^2+4c^2a^2+8abc(a+b+c)
<=>(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2=4a^2b^2+4b^2c^2+4c^2a^2(vì a+b+c=0)(1)
(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2=4a^2b^2+4b^2c^2+4c^2a^2
<=>a^4+b^4+c^4+2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2c^2a^2=4a^2b^2+4b^2c^2+4c^2a^2
<=>a^4+b^4+c^4=2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2c^2a^2
<=>2(a^4+b^4+c^4)=4a^2b^2+4b^2c^2+4c^2a^2(2)
Từ (1) và (2)=>Đccm
aVT=.\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2+a^2+b^2+c^2\)
=\(a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2ac+2bc+a^2+b^2+c^2\)
=\(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2+2ab+2ac+2bc\)
VP=\(\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(a+c\right)^2\)=\(a^2+2ab+b^2+b^2+2bc+b^2+a^2+2ac+c^2\)
=\(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac\)
Vậy VT=VP
a)\(\text{(a+b+c)^2 +a^2+b^2+c^2=(a+b)^2+(b+c)^2+(c+a)^2}\)
Ta có:
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2+a^2+b^2+c^2=a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac+a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(=\left(a^2+2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2+2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2+2ca+a^2\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c+a\right)^2\)
Vậy \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2+a^2+b^2+c^2=\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c+a\right)^2\)
b) Câu b sao chỉ có một vế vậy , hằng đẳng thức thì phải có hai vế chứ