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\(C_2H_4+H_2O\underrightarrow{^{170^0C,H_2SO_4}}C_2H_5OH\)
\(C_2H_5OH+O_2\underrightarrow{^{\text{men giấm}}}CH_3COOH+H_2O\)
\(CH_3COOH+C_2H_5OH⇌CH_3COOC_2H_5+H_2O\left(Đk:H_2SO_{4\left(đ\right)},t^0\right)\)
\(2CH_3COOC_2H_5+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{^{t^0}}\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Ca+2C_2H_5OH\)
\(\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Ca+Na_2CO_3\rightarrow2CH_3COONa+CaCO_3\downarrow\)
\(C_2H_4 + H_2O \xrightarrow{t^o,xt} C_2H_5OH\\ C_2H_5OH + O_2 \xrightarrow{men\ giấm} CH_3COOH + H_2O\\ CH_3COOH + C_2H_5 \rightleftharpoons CH_3COOC_2H_5 + H_2O\\ 2CH_3COOC_2H_5 + Ca(OH)_2 \to (CH_3COO)_2Ca + 2C_2H_5OH\\ (CH_3COO)_2Ca + Na_2CO_3 \to CaCO_3 + 2CH_3COONa\)
(1) \(C_6H_{12}O_6\underrightarrow{t^o,xt}2C_2H_5OH+2CO_2\)
(2) \(C_2H_5OH+O_2\underrightarrow{^{mengiam}}CH_3COOH+H_2O\)
(3) \(CH_3COOH+NaOH\rightarrow CH_3COONa+H_2O\)
(4) \(CH_3COONa+NaOH\underrightarrow{^{CaO,t^o}}CH_4+Na_2CO_3\)
\(a) C_6H_{12}O_6 \xrightarrow{t^o,xt} 2CO_2 + 2C_2H_5OH\\ C_2H_5OH + O_2 \xrightarrow{men\ giấm} CH_3COOH + H_2O\\ CH_3COOH + C_2H_5OH \to CH_3COOC_2H_5 + H_2O\\ b) C_{12}H_{22}O_{11} + H_2O \xrightarrow{H^+}C_6H_{12}O_6 + C_6H_{12}O_6\\ C_6H_{12}O_6 \xrightarrow{t^o,xt} 2CO_2 + 2C_2H_5OH\\C_2H_5OH + O_2 \xrightarrow{men\ giấm} CH_3COOH + H_2O\\ CH_3COOH + NaOH \to CH_3COONa + H_2O\\ c) CH_3COOC_2H_5 + NaOH \to CH_3COONa + C_2H_5OH\\ d) 2CH_3COOC_2H_5 + Ca(OH)_2 \to (CH_3COO)_2Ca + 2C_2H_5OH\)
\((CH_3COO)_2Ca + H_2SO_4 \to CaSO_4 + 2CH_3COOH\)
Gọi công thức của gluxit là: \(C_m\left(H_2O\right)_n\)
\(PTHH:C_m\left(H_2O\right)_n+nO_2\underrightarrow{t^o}mCO_2+nH_2O\)
Theo đề bài, ta có:
\(\dfrac{mCO_2}{nH_2O}=\dfrac{88}{33}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{44m}{18m}=\dfrac{88}{33}\\ \Leftrightarrow1452m=1584n\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{m}{n}=\dfrac{12}{11}\)
Vậy công thức của gluxit là \(C_{12}\left(H_2O\right)_{11}\) hay \(C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}\) (saccarozo)
Công thức chung của glucid là Cm(H2O)nPTHH: Cm(H2O)n+nO2→nCO2+mH2OTỉ lệ H2O:CO2 = 3:8 ⇒ 18n : 44m=3:8 ⇒ m : n=12:11⇒ CT glucid là C12(H2O)11 hay C12H22O11 ⇒ Glucid là sucrose.
1. C6H12O6-->C2H5OH-->CH3COOH--->CH3COOC2H5
C6H12O6->2C2H5OH + 2CO2 (1)
C2H5OH + O2 -> CH3COOH + H2O (2)
CH3COOH + C2H5OH->CH3COOC2H5 + H2O (3)
2.,CaC2 + H2O -> C2H2 + Ca(OH)2 (1)
C2H2 + H2 -> C2H4 (2)
n(C2H4)-> (C2H4)n ( trùng hợp )
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\(\left(C_6H_{10}O_5\right)_n+nH_2O\underrightarrow{axit.loãng}nC_6H_{12}O_6\)
\(C_6H_{12}O_6\xrightarrow[30-35^oC]{enzim}2C_2H_5OH+2CO_2\)
\(C_2H_5OH+O_2\xrightarrow[25-30^oC]{men.giấm}CH_3COOH+H_2O\)
\(CH_3COOH+C_2H_5OH⇌\left(H_2SO_4đ,t^o\right)CH_3COOC_2H_5+H_2O\)
Câu 1 :
Coi n gluxit = 1(mol)
Bảo toàn nguyên tố với C,H .Ta có :
n CO2 = n(mol)
n H2O = m(mol)
Suy ra :
18m/44n= 33/88
<=> m/n = 11/12
Với m = 11 ; n = 12 thì thỏa mãn
Vật CT của gluxit là C12(H2O)11 hay C12H22O11
Câu 2 :
a)
\((1) C_6H_{12}O_6 \xrightarrow{t^o,xt} 2CO_2 + 2C_2H_5OH\\ (2) C_2H_5OH + O_2 \xrightarrow{men\ giấm} CH_3COOH + H_2O\\ (3) CH_3COOH + C_2H_5OH \buildrel{{H_2SO_4,t^o}}\over\rightleftharpoons CH_3COOC_2H_5 + H_2O\\ (5)CH_3COO_2H_5 + NaOH \to CH_3COONa + C_2H_5OH\\ (6) 2C_2H_5OH + 2Na \to 2C_2H_5ONa + H_2\)
b)
\((1)C_{12}H_{22}O_{11} + H_2O \xrightarrow{t^o,H^+} C_6H_{12}O_6 + C_6H_{12}O_6\\ (2)C_6H_{12}O_6 \xrightarrow{t^o,xt} 2CO_2 + 2C_2H_5OH\\ (3)C_2H_5OH + CH_3COOH \buildrel{{H_2SO_4,t^o}}\over\rightleftharpoons CH_3COOC_2H_5 + H_2O\\ (4)CH_3COOC_2H_5 + NaOH \to CH_3COONa + C_2H_5OH\)