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1.1. Al + NaOH + H2O ==> NaAlO2 + 3/2H2
nH2(1)=3,36/22,4=0.15(mol)
=> nAl(1)= nH2(1):3/2= 0.15:3/2= 0.1(mol)
2.Mg + 2HCl ==> MgCl2 + H2
3.2Al + 6HCl ==> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
4.Fe + 2HCl ==> FeCl2 + H2
=> \(n_{H_2\left(2,3,4\right)}=\) 10.08/22.4= 0.45(mol)
=> nH2(3)=0.1*3/2=0.15(mol)
MgCl2 + 2NaOH ==> Mg(OH)2 + 2NaCl
AlCl3 + 3NaOH ==> Al(OH)3 + 3NaCl
FeCl2 + 2NaOH ==> Fe(OH)2 + 2NaCl
a,
\(n_{H2}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=2n_{H2}=0,7\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl}}=0,7.36,5:15\%=170,33\left(g\right)\)
b,
Gọi a là mol Mg, b là mol Al
\(\Rightarrow24a+27b=7,5\left(1\right)\)
Bảo toàn e: \(2a+3b=0,35.2=0,7\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\%_{Mg}=\frac{0,2.24}{7,5}.100\%=64\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%_{Al}=100\%-64\%=36\%\)
\(Fe+2HCl-->FeCl2+H2\)
1) \(n_{H2}=\frac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=2n_{H2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(V=V_{HCl}=\frac{0,4}{2}=0,2\left(M\right)\)
2) \(n_{Fe}=n_{H2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=\frac{11,2}{17,6}.100\%=63,64\%\)
\(\%m_{Cu}=100-63,64=36,36\%\)
3) Ta có
\(m_{Cu}=17,6-11,2=6,4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Cu}=\frac{6,4}{64}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Fe+6H2SO4-->Fe2\left(SO4\right)3+3SO2+6H2O\)
0,2--------------------------------------------0,3(mol)
\(Cu+2H2SO4-->CuSO4+2H2O+SO2\)
0,1------------------------------------------------------0,1(mol)
Tổng n SO2 = 0,4(mol)
\(V_{O2}=0,4.22,4=8,96\%\)
a, Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO_2}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{SO_2}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y=\dfrac{0,224}{22,4}=0,01\left(1\right)\)
Mà: \(\overline{M}_A=56\Rightarrow44x+64y=56.0,01\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,004\left(mol\right)\\y=0,006\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{0,004}{0,01}.100\%=40\%\\\%n_{SO_2}=60\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
BTNT C và S, có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Na_2CO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,004\left(mol\right)\\n_{Na_2SO_3}=n_{SO_2}=0,006\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{0,004.106}{0,004.106+0,006.126}.100\%\approx35,9\%\\\%m_{Na_2SO_3}\approx64,1\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{HCl}=0,05.0,2=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow BaCl_2+2H_2O\)
____0,005_______0,01 (mol)
\(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow BaCO_3+H_2O\)
_0,004______0,004 (mol)
\(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+SO_2\rightarrow BaSO_3+H_2O\)
_0,006_____0,006 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,015\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,015}{1}=0,015M\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
nH2 = \(\frac{4,48}{22,4}\)= 0,2 mol
PTHH:
Fe + 2HCl\(\rightarrow\) FeCl2 + H2
FeO + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) FeCl2 + H2O
\(\rightarrow\) nFe = nH2 = 0,2
\(\rightarrow\)mFe = 0,2.56=11,2 g \(\rightarrow\)mFeO = 18,3 -11,2 = 7,2 g
\(\rightarrow\) nFeO =\(\frac{7,2}{72}\) = 0,1 mol
nHCl = 2 (nFe+nFeO) = 0,6 mol
\(\Rightarrow\) mHCl = 36,5 .0,6 = 21,9
\(\Rightarrow\) C%HCl = \(\frac{21,9}{200}.100\%\) = 43,8%
Bảo toàn khối lượng :
mddsaupứ = mFe + mFeO + mddHCl - mH2
= 18,4 + 200 - 0,4 = 218 g
nFeCl2 = nFe + nFeO = 0,3 mol
mFeCl2 = 127. 0,3 = 38,1 g
C%FeCl2 = \(\frac{38,1}{218}.100\%\) = 17,48%
