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Câu 1:
a, \(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
\(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{15,5}{62}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{Na_2O}=0,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,5}=1\left(M\right)\)
b, \(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,25.98=24,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{24,5}{20\%}=122,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{122,5}{1,14}\approx107,46\left(ml\right)\)
Câu 3: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_{3\downarrow}+H_2O\)
\(n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CaCO_3}=0,4.100=40\left(g\right)\)
Câu 4: \(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{32}{160}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{20,8}{208}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(CuSO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow BaSO_{4\downarrow}+CuCl_2\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\), ta được CuSO4 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{BaSO_4}=n_{BaCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{BaSO_4}=0,1.233=23,3\left(g\right)\)
\(a,PTHH:Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\\ \Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=2n_{Na_2O}=2\cdot\dfrac{37,2}{62}=0,6\cdot2=1,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{1,2}{0,5}=2,4M\\ b,PTHH:2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,6\cdot98=58,8\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{58,8\cdot100\%}{20\%}=294\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd}=\dfrac{294}{1,14}\approx257,9\left(ml\right)\)
a, \(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
Ta có: \(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{15,5}{62}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{Na_2O}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow CM_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,5}=1\left(M\right)\)
b, \(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25.98}{20\%}=122,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{122,5}{1,14}\approx107,46\left(ml\right)\)
a, \(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
\(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{15,5}{62}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=0,25.2=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,5}=1\left(M\right)\)
b, \(H_2SO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,25.98=24,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{24,5}{20\%}=122,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{122,5}{1,14}\approx107,5\left(ml\right)\)
\(n_{BaO}=\dfrac{30,6}{153}=0,2mol\)
\(BaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ba\left(OH\right)_2\)
0,2 0,2
Để trung hòa: \(n_{OH^-}=n_{H^+}=0,2mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,2\cdot36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{7,3}{14,6}\cdot100=50\left(g\right)\)
PTHH: BaO + H2O ---> Ba(OH)2 (1)
Ba(OH)2 + 2HCl ---> BaCl2 + 2H2O (2)
Ta có: \(n_{BaO}=\dfrac{30,6}{153}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT(1): \(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{BaO}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT(2): \(n_{HCl}=2.n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=2.0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(C_{\%_{HCl}}=\dfrac{14,6}{m_{dd_{HCl}}}.100\%=14,6\%\)
=> \(m_{dd_{HCl}}=100\left(g\right)\)
1. \(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{15,5}{62}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Na2O + H2O → 2NaOH
Mol: 0,25 0,5
\(C_{M_{ddNaOH}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,5}=1M\)
2.
PTHH: 2NaOH + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + 2H2O
Mol: 0,5 0,25
\(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25.98.100}{20}=122,5\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{122,5}{1,14}=107,456\left(ml\right)\)
\(n_{Na2O}=\dfrac{m_{Na2O}}{M_{Na2O}}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
0,25 mol - 0,25 mol - 0,5 mol
a) \(C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{V_{NaOH}}=1\left(M\right)\)
b) \(H_2SO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2SO4+2H_2O\)
0,25 mol - 0,5 mol - 0,25 mol - 0,5 mol
\(m_{ctH2SO4}=n_{H2SO4}.M_{H2SO4}=24,5\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{\%_{H2SO4}}=\dfrac{m_{ctH2SO4}}{m_{ddH2SO4}}.100\%\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH2SO4}=\dfrac{m_{ctH2SO4}.100\%}{C_{\%_{H2SO4}}}=122,5\left(g\right)\)
\(D_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{m_{ddH2SO4}}{V_{H2SO4}}\Rightarrow V_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{m_{ddH2SO4}}{D_{H2SO4}}\approx107,46\left(ml\right)\)
a, \(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{7,75}{62}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Na2O + H2O → 2NaOH
Mol: 0,125 0,25
b, \(C_{M_{ddNaOH}}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,25}=1M\)
c,
PTHH: 2NaOH + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + 2H2O
Mol: 0,25 0,125
\(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,125.98.100}{20}=61,25\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{61,25}{1,14}=53,728\left(ml\right)\)
