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1. \(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{32}{40}=0,8\left(mol\right);n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{245.20\%}{98}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(H_2SO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2O\)
Đề: 0,5.......0,8
Lập tỉ lệ : \(\dfrac{0,5}{1}>\dfrac{0,8}{2}\)=> H2SO4 dư, NaOH hết
\(m_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,8}{2}.142=56,8\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{56,8}{32+245}.100=20,51\%\)
\(C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{\left(0,5-0,4\right).98}{32+245}.100=3,54\%\)
Bài 1:
\(n_{NaOH}=0,25.2=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ n_{AlCl_3}=0,25x\left(mol\right)\\ 3NaOH+AlCl_3\rightarrow Al\left(OH\right)_3+3NaCl\left(1\right)\\ Al\left(OH\right)_3+NaOH\left(dư\right)\rightarrow NaAlO_2+2H_2O\left(2\right)\\ n_{Al\left(OH\right)_3\left(còn\right)}=\dfrac{7,8}{78}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\Đặt:n_{NaOH\left(1\right)}=a\left(mol\right);n_{NaOH\left(2\right)}=b\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=0,5\\b-\dfrac{1}{3}a=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,3\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,3}{3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow x=C_{MddAlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,25}=0,4\left(M\right)\)
Bài 2:
\(n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{26,7}{133,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ 3NaOH+AlCl_3\rightarrow3NaCl+Al\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow\left(1\right)\\ Al\left(OH\right)_3+NaOH\rightarrow NaAlO_2+2H_2O\left(2\right)\\ n_{Al\left(OH\right)_3\left(còn\right)}=\dfrac{11,7}{117}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ Đặt:n_{NaOH\left(1\right)}=a\left(mol\right);n_{NaOH\left(2\right)}=b\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{3}a=0,2\\\dfrac{1}{3}a-b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,6\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow V=V_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,6+0,1}{1}=0,7\left(l\right)\)
\(a,Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\\ Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ b,n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,2.56}{12,8}.100\%=87,5\%\\ \%m_{Fe_2O_3}=100\%-87,5\%=12,5\%\\ c,n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{12,8-11,2}{160}=0,01\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Fe}+3n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,2+3.0,01=0,23\left(mol\right)\\ V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,23}{0,46}=0,5\left(M\right)\)
nBa(OH)2 = 0,2 (mol)
nH2SO4 = 0,1 (mol)
=> Ba(OH)2 dư 0,1 mol
Ba(OH)2 + H2SO4 -> BaSO4 + 2H2O
0,1...............0,1 ..........0,1 (mol)
C%Ba(OH)2 = \(\frac{0,1.171}{200+100-0,1.233}.100\%\approx6,18\%\)
