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\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2|\)
2 6 2 3
0,2 0,2 0,3
\(Al_2O_2+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2|\)
1 6 2 3
0,2 0,4
a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{0,3.2}{3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Al2O3}=25,8-5,4=20,4\left(g\right)\)
b) Có : \(m_{Al2O3}=20,4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Al2O3}=\dfrac{20,4}{102}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{AlCl3\left(tổng\right)}=0,2+0,4=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{AlCl3}=0,6.133,5=80,1\left(g\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
\(n_{Al_2O_3}=a\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{MgO}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_A=102a+40b=16.2\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)
\(m_{Muối}=267a+111b=40.95\left(g\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.249,b=-0.23\)
Sai đề !
Sửa đề: 3,785 (l) → 3,7185 (l)
a, \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,7185}{24,79}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{40}.100\%=6,75\%\\\%m_{Al_2O_3}=93,25\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{40.93,25\%}{102}=\dfrac{373}{1020}\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=3n_{Al}+6n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{212}{85}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=\dfrac{\dfrac{212}{85}}{2}=\dfrac{106}{85}\left(l\right)\approx1247,06\left(ml\right)\)
d, \(n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}+2n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{212}{255}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{212}{255}.133,5=\dfrac{9434}{85}\left(g\right)\)
e, \(C_{M_{AlCl_3}}=\dfrac{\dfrac{212}{255}}{\dfrac{106}{85}}=\dfrac{2}{3}\left(M\right)\)
PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\) (1)
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\) (2)
a) Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{22,4}{22,4}=1\left(mol\right)=n_{Mg}\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=1\cdot24=24\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{24}{32}\cdot100\%=75\%\) \(\Rightarrow\%m_{MgO}=25\%\)
b) Theo 2 PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl\left(1\right)}=2n_{Mg}=2mol\\n_{HCl\left(2\right)}=2n_{MgO}=2\cdot\dfrac{32-24}{40}=0,4mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{HCl}=2,4mol\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{2,4\cdot36,5}{7,3\%}=1200\left(g\right)\)
c) Theo PTHH: \(\Sigma n_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\Sigma n_{HCl}=1,2mol\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma m_{MgCl_2}=1,2\cdot95=114\left(g\right)\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{H_2}=1\cdot2=2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{hh}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=1230\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{114}{1230}\cdot100\%\approx9,27\%\)
a,\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
Mol: x x
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
Mol: y y
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65x+56y=30,7\\x+y=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,3\left(mol\right)\\y=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,3.65.100\%}{30,7}=63,52\%;\%m_{Fe}=100\%-63,52\%=36,48\%\)
b,
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,3 0,6
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,2 0,4
nHCl = 0,6+0,4 = 1 (mol)
\(V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1}{2}=0,5\left(l\right)=500\left(ml\right)\)
\(\begin{array}{l} n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\ (mol)\\ PTHH:\\ 2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\ (1)\\ Al_2O_3+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2O\ (2)\\ Theo\ pt\ (1):\ n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,2\ (mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,2\times 27=5,4\ (g).\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3}=15,6-5,4=10,2\ (g)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{10,2}{102}=0,1\ (mol)\\ \Rightarrow \sum n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}+2n_{Al_2O_3}=0,2+2\times 0,1=0,4\ (mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=0,4\times 133,5=53,4\ (g)\end{array}\)