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Fe + CuSO4 -> FeSO4 + Cu
nFe=0,03(mol)
Theo PTHH ta có:
nFeSO4=nCu=nFe=0,03(mol)
mFeSO4=152.0,03=4,56(g)
mCu=64.0,03=1,92(g)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{98.5\%}{98}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\\ n_{CuSO_4}=n_{CuO}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ a,m_{CuO}=0,05.80=4\left(g\right)\\ b,m_{CuSO_4}=0,05.160=8\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddCuSO_4}=98+4=102\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddCuSO_4}=\dfrac{8}{102}.100\approx7,843\%\)
\(n_{KOH}=\dfrac{100.14}{100.56}=0,25(mol)\\ 2KOH+CuCl_2\to Cu(OH)_2\downarrow+2KCl\\ \Rightarrow n_{CuCl_2}=n_{Cu(OH)_2}=0,125(mol);n_{KCl}=0,25(mol)\\ a,m_{CuCl_2}=0,125.135=16,875(g)\\ b,m_{Cu(OH)_2}=0,125.98=12,25(g)\\ c,C\%_{KCl}=\dfrac{0,25.74,5}{100+16,875-12,25}.100\%=17,8\%\\ d,Cu(OH)_2\xrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{CuO}=0,125(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,125.80=10(g)\)
\(n_{CuSO_4}=1.0,01=0,01(mol)\\ PTHH:Fe+CuSO_4\to FeSO_4+Cu\)
Do Cu ko td với HCl nên chất rắn sau phản ứng vẫn là Cu
\(n_{Cu}=n_{Fe}=0,01(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Cu}=0,01.64=0,64(g)\\ b,PTHH:FeSO_4+2NaOH\to Fe(OH)_2\downarrow+Na_2SO_4\\ \Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=2n_{FeSO_4}=2n_{Fe}=0,02(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{NaOH}}=0,02.1=0,02(l)\)
Câu 2:
\(n_{HCl}=0,18.1=0,18\left(mol\right)\\ 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ n_{H_2\left(TT\right)}=\dfrac{1,512}{22,4}=0,0675\left(mol\right)\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,18}{6}>\dfrac{0,0675}{3}\Rightarrow Aldư\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2\left(LT\right)}=\dfrac{0,18.3}{6}=0,09\left(mol\right)\\ H=\dfrac{0,0675}{0,09}.100\%=75\%\)
Câu 1:
a, \(Fe+CuSO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+Cu\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Chất rắn còn lại sau pư là Cu.
Ta có: \(n_{CuSO_4}=0,01.1=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Cu}=n_{FeSO_4}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,01\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=0,01.64=0,64\left(g\right)\)
b, Dung dịch B: FeSO4
PT: \(FeSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+Fe\left(OH\right)_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{FeSO_4}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,02}{1}=0,02\left(l\right)\)
\(2Fe+6H_2SO_4\to Fe_2(SO_4)_3+3SO_2\uparrow+6H_2O\\ Cu+2H_2SO_4\xrightarrow{t^o}CuSO_4+SO_2\uparrow+2H_2O\\ Fe_2(SO_4)_3+6NaOH\to 2Fe(OH)_3\downarrow+3Na_2SO_4\\ CuSO_4+2NaOH\to Cu(OH)_2\downarrow+Na_2SO_4\\ 2Fe(OH)_3\xrightarrow{t^o}Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\\ Cu(OH)_2\xrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
Đặt \(n_{Cu}=x(mol);n_{Fe}=y(mol)\Rightarrow 64x+56y=15,2(1)\)
Theo các PT: \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,5y(mol);n_{CuO}=x(mol)\)
\(\Rightarrow 80x+80y=20,8(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow x=0,08(mol);y=0,18(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Cu}=\dfrac{0,08.64}{15,2}.100\%=33,68\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Fe}=100\%-33,68\%=66,32\%\)
Ta có: \(n_{CuSO_4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
a, PT: \(2Al+3CuSO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3Cu\)
______0,2____0,3_________________0,3 (mol)
b, \(m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\)
c, \(m_{Cu}=0,3.64=19,2\left(g\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=1,68g;M_{Fe}=56g\\SốmolFe.n_{Fe}=\dfrac{n}{M}=\dfrac{1,68}{56}=0,03mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
Pt: \(Fe+CuSO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+Cu\downarrow\)
\(0,03mol\rightarrow0,03mol\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cu\downarrow}=0,03mol;M_{Cu}=64\\\Rightarrow khốilượngCu.m_{Cu}=n.M=0,03.64=1,92\left(gam\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: \(Fe+CuSO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+Cu\downarrow\)
Ta có:\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{1,68}{56}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{Cu}=n_{Fe}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ \rightarrow m_{Cu}=0,3.64=19,2\left(g\right)\)