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a) Sửa đề: dd H2SO4 9,8%
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{H_2}=0,35\cdot2=0,7\left(g\right)\)
Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,35\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,35\cdot98}{9,8\%}=350\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{KL}+m_{H_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}=361,6\left(g\right)\)
b) Tương tự câu a
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,784}{22,4}=0,035\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Zn}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH:
Fe + H2SO4 ---> FeSO4 + H2
a------------------------------>a
Zn + H2SO4 ---> ZnSO4 + H2
b---------------------------->b
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+65b=2,14\\a+b=0,035\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,015\left(mol\right)\\b=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH:
2Fe + 6H2SO4(đ, n) ---> Fe2(SO4)3 + 3SO2 + 6H2O
0,015--------------------------------------->0,0225
Zn + 2H2SO4(đ, n) ---> ZnSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O
0,02---------------------------------->0,02
=> VSO2 = (0,0225 + 0,02).22,4 = 0,952 (l)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,464}{22,4}=0,11mol\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Al:x\left(mol\right)\\Fe:y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow Muối\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\\FeSO_4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}BTe:3x+2y=2n_{H_2}=0,22\\\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot342+y\cdot152=14,44\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,04mol\\y=0,05mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,04\cdot27=1,08g\\m_{Fe}=0,05\cdot56=2,8g\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3BaCl_2\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3BaSO_4\downarrow\)
0,02 0,06
\(FeSO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow BaSO_4\downarrow+FeCl_2\)
0,05 0,05
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{\downarrow}=0,06+0,05=0,11\Rightarrow m_{BaSO_4}=x=25,63g\)
thu được dung dịch Y chứa một chất tan và khí NO ấy. mình ghi thiếu
Câu 1:
Gọi : nMg=a(mol); nMgO=b(mol) (a,b>0)
a) PTHH: Mg + 2 HCl -> MgCl2 + H2
a________2a_______a______a(mol)
MgO +2 HCl -> MgCl2 + H2O
b_____2b_______b___b(mol)
Ta có hpt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+40b=8,8\\22,4a=4,48\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> mMg=0,2.24=4,8(g)
=>%mMg= (4,8/8,8).100=54,545%
=> %mMgO= 45,455%
b) m(muối)=mMg2+ + mCl- = 0,3. 24 + 0,6.35,5=28,5(g)
c) V=VddHCl=(2a+2b)/2=0,3(l)=300(ml)
Câu 2:
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=0,4\cdot2=0,8\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: \(Ca+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
0,2____0,4_____0,2____0,2 (mol)
\(CaO+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O\)
0,2____0,4______0,2____0,2 (mol)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Ca}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot40}{0,2\cdot40+0,2\cdot56}\cdot100\%\approx41,67\%\\\%m_{CaO}=58,33\%\\m_{CaCl_2}=\left(0,2+0,2\right)\cdot111=44,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+3H_2\\ Đặt:n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right);n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+56b=11\\1,5a+b=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ a,n_{HCl}=2.n_{H_2}=2.0,4=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,8}{8}=0,1\left(l\right)\\ b,FeCl_2+2AgNO_3\rightarrow Fe\left(NO_3\right)_2+2AgCl\downarrow\\ AlCl_3+3AgNO_3\rightarrow Al\left(NO_3\right)_3+3AgCl\downarrow\\ n_{AgCl}=n_{AgNO_3}=3.n_{AlCl_3}+2.n_{FeCl_2}=3.a+2.b=3.0,2+2.0,1=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow a=\dfrac{170.0,8}{250}.100=54,4\%\\ b=m_{\downarrow}=m_{AgCl}=0,8.143,5=114,8\left(g\right)\)
\(a) Zn + H_2SO_4 \to ZnSO_4 + H_2\\ ZnO + H_2SO_4 \to ZnSO_4 + H_2O\\ n_{Zn} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{4,48}{22,4} = 0,2(mol)\\ \%m_{Zn} = \dfrac{0,2.65}{17,05}.100\% = 76,25\%\\ \%m_{ZnO} = 100\% -76,25\% = 23,75\%\\ b) n_{Ba(NO_3)_2}= 0,2.1,5 = 0,3(mol)\ ; n_{ZnO} = \dfrac{17,05-0,2.65}{81} = 0,05(mol)\\ n_{ZnSO_4} = n_{Zn} + n_{ZnO} = 0,25(mol)\\ ZnSO_4 + Ba(NO_3)_2 \to BaSO_4 + Zn(NO_3)_2\\ n_{ZnSO_4} < n_{Ba(NO_3)_2} \to Ba(NO_3)_2\ dư\\ \)
\(n_{BaSO_4} = n_{ZnSO_4} = 0,25(mol)\\ m_{BaSO_4} = 0,25.233 = 58,25(gam)\)