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Pt:\(Cu+H_2SO_4\xrightarrow[]{X}\)
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)(1)
a) nH2 = \(\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15mol\)
Theo pt (1) nMg = nH2 = 0,15 mol
=> mMg = 0,15.24 = 3,6g
=> m Cu = 5,2 - 3,6 = 1,6g
b) Theo pt (1) nMgSO4 = nH2 = 0,15 mol
=> mMgSO4 = 0,15.120 = 18g
a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\) (1)
\(Al_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\) (2)
Theo PT (1): \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Al_2O_3}=15,6-5,4=10,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{10,2}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT (1), (2): \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Al_2O_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{mu\text{ố}i}=m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,2.342=68,4\left(g\right)\)
c) Theo PT (1), (2): \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}+3n_{Al_2O_3}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4\left(c\text{ần}.d\text{ùng}\right)}=0,6.98=58,8\left(g\right)\)
\(a.Ca+H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\\ CaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2\\ b.n_{H_2}=n_{Ca}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Ca}=0,1.40=4\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CaO}=9,6-4=5,6\left(g\right)\\ c.n_{CaO}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Sigma n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{Ca}+n_{CaO}=0,1+0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2.74=14,8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Ca+2H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,1 0,1
\(CaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2\)(2)
\(m_{Ca}=0,1.40=4\left(g\right)\\
m_{CaO}=9,6-4=5,6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CaO}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2\left(2\right)}=n_{CaO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=\left(0,1+0,1\right).74=14,8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Ca+2H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\)
0,3 0,3
\(m_{Ca}=0,3.40=12\left(g\right)\\
m_{CaO}=30-12=18\left(g\right)\)
t cho Qùy tím vào dd
Qùy tím hóa đỏ là axit
Qùy tím hóa xanh là bazo
a) Gọi \(n_{Cu}=a\left(mol\right)\rightarrow n_{Fe}=\dfrac{3}{2}a=1,5a\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(CuO+H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
a<------a<------a
\(Fe_3O_4+4H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}3Fe+4H_2O\)
0,5a<-----2a<------1,5a
\(\rightarrow80a+0,5a.232=39,2\\ \Leftrightarrow a=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CuO}=0,2.80=16\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe_3O_4}=0,5.0,2.232=23,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(V_{H_2}=\left(0,2.2+0,2\right).22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\)
a) Đặt \(n_{Cu}=a\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow n_{Fe}=1,5a\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(Fe_3O_4+4H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}3Fe+4H_2O\)
0,5a<---2a<------1,5a
\(CuO+H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
a------>a------->a
Theo bài ra, ta có PT: \(0,5a.232+80a=39,2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_3O_4}=0,5.0,2.232=23,2\left(g\right)\\m_{CuO}=0,2.80=16\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(V_{H_2}=\left(0,2.2+0,2\right).22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\)
\(Ca+2H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\)
\(0,15->0,3-->0,15->0,15\)
\(CaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2\)
\(0,34->0,34->0,34\)
\(nH_2=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(mCa=0,15.40=6\left(g\right)\)
=> \(mCaO=25,2-6=19,2\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{CaO}=\dfrac{19,2}{56}=0,34\left(mol\right)\)
\(\%mCa=\dfrac{6.100}{25,2}=23,8\%\)
\(\%mCaO=100-23,8=76,2\%\)
\(mCa\left(OH\right)_2=\left(0,15+0,34\right).74=36,26\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ m_{H_2}=0,15.2=0,3\left(g\right)\\ pthh:Ca+2H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\uparrow\)
0,15 0,15 0,15
\(m_{Ca}=0,15.40=6\left(g\right)\)
\(\%m_{Ca}=\dfrac{6}{25,2}.100\%=23,8\%\\ \%m_{CaO}=100\%-23,8\%=76,2\%\\ m_{CaO}=25,2-6=19,2\left(g\right)\\
n_{CaO}=\dfrac{19,2}{56}=\dfrac{12}{35}\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:CaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2\)
\(\dfrac{12}{35}\) \(\dfrac{12}{35}\)
\(\Sigma n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{12}{35}+0,15\approx0,5\left(mol\right)\\
m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,5.74=37\left(g\right)\)
Ca+ 2H2O -> Ca(OH)2+ H2
nH2= nCa= 0,14 mol
=> mCa= 5,6g
=> mFe= 6,2-5,6= 0,6g
H2 + O -> H2O
=> Y có 0,14 mol O
nFe2O3= 0,02 mol
=> 0,02 mol Fe2O3 có 0,04 mol Fe và 0,06 mol O
Tổng mol Fe sau phản ứng là \(\dfrac{5,6}{56}\)= 0,1 mol
=> FexOy có 0,06 mol Fe và 0,08 mol O
nFe : nO= 0,06 : 0,08= 3 : 4
=> FexOy là Fe3O4
a= 0,06.56+ 0,08.16= 4,64g
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,136}{22,4}=0,14mol\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Ca}=x\\n_{Na}=y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(Ca+2H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\)
x x ( mol )
\(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
y 1/2 y ( mol )
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}40x+23y=6,2\\x+\dfrac{1}{2}y=0,14\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,04\\y=0,2mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Ca}=0,04.40=1,6g\\m_{Na}=0,2.23=4,6g\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{3,2}{160}=0,02mol\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Fe+3H_2O\)
0,02 0,06 0,04 0,06 ( mol )
\(m_{Fe}=0,04.56=2,24g\)
\(\rightarrow m_{H_2\left(tdFe_xO_y\right)}=0,14-0,06=0,08mol\)
\(n_{Fe\left(tdFe_xO_y\right)}=\dfrac{5,6-0,04.56}{56}=0,06mol\)
\(Fe_xO_y+yH_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)xFe+yH_2O\)
0,08 0,06 ( mol )
\(\Rightarrow x:y=0,06:0,08=3:4\)
\(\Rightarrow CTHH:Fe_3O_4\)
\(a) Ca + 2H_2O \to Ca(OH)_2 + H_2\\ CaO + H_2O \to Ca(OH)_2\\ n_{Ca} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3,36}{22,4} = 0,15(mol)\\ m_{Ca} = 0,15.40 = 6(gam)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CaO} = 17,2 - 6 = 11,2(gam)\\ b) n_{Ca(OH)_2} = n_{Ca} + n_{CaO} = 0,15 + \dfrac{11,2}{56} = 0,35(mol)\\ m_{Ca(OH)_2} = 0,35.74 = 25,9(gam)\)
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