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\(n_{CuSO4}=\dfrac{16\%.50}{100\%.160}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(CuSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2+Na_2SO_4\)
0,05-------->0,1---------->0,05--------->0,05
a) \(C\%_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,1.40}{250}.100\%=1,6\%\)
b) \(m_{ddspu}=50+250-0,05.98=295,1\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{Na2SO4}=\dfrac{0,05.142}{295,1}.100\%=2,41\%\)
\(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{m_{dd}\cdot C\%}{100\cdot M}=\dfrac{50\cdot16\%}{100\cdot\left(64+32+16\cdot4\right)}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:CuSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2+Na_2SO_4\)
1 2 1 1
0,05 0,1 0,05 0,05 (mol)
\(a)C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{n\cdot100\cdot M}{m_{dd}}=\dfrac{01\cdot100\cdot\left(23+16+1\right)}{250}=1,6\%\)
\(b)m_{dd-sau-pư}=m_{dd_đ}+m_{ct_đ}-m\downarrow-m\uparrow\)
\(=50+250-\left(0,05\cdot23+32+16\cdot4\right)=294,05\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{n\cdot100\cdot M}{m_{dd}}=\dfrac{0,05\cdot100\cdot\left(23\cdot2+32+16\cdot4\right)}{294,05}\approx2,41\%.\)
a)mH2SO4=\(\dfrac{200.7,3\text{%}}{100\%}\)=14,6g
nHCl=\(\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}\)=0,4(mol)
PTHH:
NaOH+ HCl→ NaCl+ H2O
1 1 1 1
0,4 0,4 0,4 (mol)
⇒mNaOH=0,4.40=16(g)
Nồng độ % của dd NaOH cần dùng là:
C%NaOH=\(\dfrac{16}{200}\) .100%=8%
b)Ta có:mdd spứ=mdd trc pứ=400g
mNaCl=0,4.58,5=23,4g
Nồng độ % dd muối tạo thành sau pứ là:
C%dd NaCl=\(\dfrac{23,4}{400}\) .100%=5,85%
\(C\%_X=\frac{40}{240}.100\%=16,7\left(\%\right)\)
\(PTHH:2NaOH+CuSO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
\(n_X=\frac{200.16,7}{100.40}=0,835\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:Cu\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
\(m_{CuO}=0,835.80=66,8\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_Y=\frac{0,835.142}{200+100-0,835.98}.100\%=42,17\left(\%\right)\)
( k chắc :>>)
Tham khảo
https://hoc247.net/cau-hoi-hoa-tan-naoh-ran-vao-nuoc-de-tao-thanh-2-dung-dich-a-va-b--qid95961.html
PTHH: \(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
\(2NaOH+CuSO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
a) Ta có: \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{Na_2O}=2\cdot\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot40}{6,2+193,8}\cdot100\%=4\%\)
b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{200\cdot16\%}{160}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,2}{1}\) \(\Rightarrow\) CuSO4 còn dư, tính theo NaOH
\(\Rightarrow n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{CuO}\) \(\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,1\cdot80=8\left(g\right)\)
c) PTHH: \(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{CuO}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}=0,1\left(l\right)=100\left(ml\right)\)
\(m_{NaOH}=200.15\%=30\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddNaOH\left(10\%\right)}=\dfrac{30.100}{10}=300\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2Othêm}=300-200=100\left(g\right)\)
ta có: \(\dfrac{m_{NaOH}}{200}.100\%=15\%\)
=> mNaOH = 30(g) (1)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{m_{NaOH}}{200}.100\%=10\%\)
=> mNaOH = 20(g) (2)
Ta có (1): 30 + \(m_{H_2O}=200\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2O}=170\left(g\right)\)
ta có (2): \(20+m_{H_2O}=200\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2O}=180\left(g\right)\)
Vậy khối lượng nước cần để thu đc dung dịch NaOH 10% là:
180 - 170 = 10(g)