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Theo BĐT Cauchy: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{ab}\le\dfrac{a}{4}+b\\\sqrt[3]{abc}\le\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{a}{4}+b+4c\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt[3]{abc}\le a+\dfrac{a}{4}+b+\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{a}{4}+b+4c\right)=\dfrac{4}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{1346}{\dfrac{4}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)}-\dfrac{2019}{\sqrt{a+b+c}}=\dfrac{2019}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}-\dfrac{2019}{\sqrt{a+b+c}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2P}{2019}\ge\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{a+b+c}}=\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a+b+c}}\right)^2-2.\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a+b+c}}+1-1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2P}{2019}\ge\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a+b+c}}-1\right)^2-1\ge-1\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{-2019}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{min}=\dfrac{-2019}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{4}=b=4c\\\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a+b+c}}-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{16}{21}\\b=\dfrac{4}{21}\\c=\dfrac{1}{21}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\dfrac{a^2\cdot\sqrt[3]{a}\cdot\sqrt[5]{a^4}}{\sqrt[4]{a}}=\dfrac{a^2\cdot a^{\dfrac{1}{3}}\cdot a^{\dfrac{4}{5}}}{a^{\dfrac{1}{4}}}=\dfrac{a^{\dfrac{47}{15}}}{a^{\dfrac{1}{4}}}=a^{\dfrac{173}{60}}\)
\(\Rightarrow log_a\left(\dfrac{a^2\cdot\sqrt[3]{a}\cdot\sqrt[5]{a^4}}{\sqrt[4]{a}}\right)=log_a\left(a^{\dfrac{173}{60}}\right)=\dfrac{173}{60}\)
\(a^{2log_a\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{105}}{30}\right)}=a^{log_a\left(\dfrac{7}{60}\right)}=\dfrac{7}{60}\)
Vậy \(B=\dfrac{173}{60}+\dfrac{7}{60}=\dfrac{180}{60}=3\)
Áp dụng BĐT Holder:
\(\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}\right)^2\left[a^2\left(b+c\right)^2+b^2\left(c+a\right)^2+c^2\left(a+b\right)^2\right]\ge\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^3\)
Mặt khác:
\(\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\ge3\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+abc\left(a+b+c\right)\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\left[a^2\left(b+c\right)^2+b^2\left(c+a\right)^2+c^2\left(a+b\right)^2\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}\right)^2\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\sqrt{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\sqrt{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{a^2+b^2+c^2+1}}\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{3}}=x>0\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3x}{2}+\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{3x^2+1}}\)
Ta sẽ chứng minh \(P\ge\dfrac{7}{2}\)
Thật vậy, với \(x\ge\dfrac{7}{3}\Rightarrow P>\dfrac{3x}{2}\ge\dfrac{7}{2}\) (đúng)
Với \(0< x\le\dfrac{7}{3}\) ta cần chứng minh:
\(\dfrac{3x}{2}+\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{3x^2+1}}\ge\dfrac{7}{2}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{3x^2+1}}\ge\dfrac{7-3x}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow64\ge\left(7-3x\right)^2\left(3x^2+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x-1\right)^2\left(-9x^2+24x+5\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2\left[3x\left(7-3x\right)+3x+5\right]\ge0\) (đúng)
Vậy \(P_{min}=\dfrac{7}{2}\) khi \(x=1\) hay \(a=b=c=1\)
\(a,a^{\dfrac{1}{3}}\cdot\sqrt{a}=a^{\dfrac{1}{3}}\cdot a^{\dfrac{1}{2}}=a^{\dfrac{5}{6}}\\ b,b^{\dfrac{1}{2}}\cdot b^{\dfrac{1}{3}}\cdot\sqrt[6]{b}=b^{\dfrac{1}{2}}\cdot b^{\dfrac{1}{3}}\cdot b^{\dfrac{1}{6}}=b^1\)
\(c,a^{\dfrac{4}{3}}:\sqrt[3]{a}=a^{\dfrac{4}{3}}:a^{\dfrac{1}{3}}=a^{\dfrac{4}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3}}=a\\ d,\sqrt[3]{b}:b^{\dfrac{1}{6}}=b^{\dfrac{1}{3}}:b^{\dfrac{1}{6}}=b^{\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{6}}=b^{\dfrac{1}{6}}=\sqrt[6]{b}\)
a: \(A=\dfrac{x^{\dfrac{1}{3}}\cdot y^{\dfrac{1}{2}}+y^{\dfrac{1}{3}}\cdot x^{\dfrac{1}{2}}}{x^{\dfrac{1}{6}}+y^{\dfrac{1}{6}}}=\dfrac{x^{\dfrac{1}{3}}\cdot y^{\dfrac{1}{3}}\left(x^{\dfrac{1}{6}}+y^{\dfrac{1}{6}}\right)}{x^{\dfrac{1}{6}}+y^{\dfrac{1}{6}}}=x^{\dfrac{1}{3}}\cdot y^{\dfrac{1}{3}}=\left(xy\right)^{\dfrac{1}{3}}\)
b: \(B=\dfrac{x^{3+\sqrt{3}}}{y^2}\cdot\dfrac{x^{-\sqrt{3}-1}}{y^{-2}}=\dfrac{x^{3+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{3}-1}}{y^{2-2}}=x^2\)
