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Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
a, \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
b, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,2}=2\left(M\right)\)
c, PT: \(HCl+KOH\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{KOH}=n_{HCl}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{0,4.56}{5,6\%}=400\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{400}{1,045}\approx382,78\left(ml\right)\)
PTHH: \(2Na+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2\uparrow\) (1)
\(Na_2SO_4+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow2NaOH+BaSO_4\downarrow\) (2)
\(2NaOH+MgCl_2\rightarrow2NaCl+Mg\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\) (3)
\(Mg\left(OH\right)_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}MgO+H_2O\) (4)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Na}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\dfrac{2,3}{23}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{60\cdot14,25\%}{208}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{30\cdot19\%}{95}=0,06\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\) PT (2) p/ứ hết; PT (3) có MgCl2 dư 0,01 mol
\(\Rightarrow n_{MgO}=n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{BaSO_4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{rắn}=m_{MgO}+m_{BaSO_4}=0,05\cdot\left(40+233\right)=13,65\left(g\right)\)
b) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaCl}=n_{Na}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)=n_{H_2SO_4}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaCl}=0,1\cdot58,5=5,85\left(g\right)\\m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,05\cdot98}{4,9\%}=100\left(g\right)\\m_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=0,05\cdot58=2,9\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd\left(sau.p/ứ\right)}=m_{Na}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}+m_{ddBaCl_2}+m_{ddMgCl_2}-m_{BaSO_4}-m_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=177,75\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{5,85}{177,75}\cdot100\%\approx3,29\%\\C\%_{MgCl_2\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,01\cdot95}{177,75}\cdot100\%\approx0,53\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{6,5}{56}=\dfrac{13}{112}mol\)
\(m_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{90\cdot20\%}{100\%}=18g\Rightarrow n_{CH_3COOH}=0,3mol\)
\(Fe+2CH_3COOH\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Fe+H_2\uparrow\)
\(\dfrac{13}{112}\) 0,3 0 0
\(\dfrac{13}{112}\) \(\dfrac{13}{56}\) \(\dfrac{13}{112}\) \(\dfrac{13}{112}\)
0 \(\dfrac{19}{280}\) \(\dfrac{13}{112}\) \(\dfrac{13}{112}\)
a)\(m_{\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Fe}=\dfrac{13}{112}\cdot174=20,2g\)
\(m_{H_2}=\dfrac{13}{112}\cdot2=\dfrac{13}{56}g\)
\(m_{dd\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Fe}=6,5+90-\dfrac{13}{56}=96,27g\)
\(C\%=\dfrac{20,2}{96,27}\cdot100\%=20,98\%\)
a)
Gọi $n_{Na_2CO_3} = a(mol) \Rightarrow n_{K_2CO_3}= 2a(mol)$
$Na_2CO_3 + 2HCl \to 2NaCl + CO_2 + H_2O$
$K_2CO_3 + 2HCl \to 2KCl + CO_2 + H_2O$
$CO_2 + Ca(OH)_2 \to CaCO_3 + H_2O$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{Na_2CO_3} + n_{K_2CO_3} = n_{CO_2} = n_{CaCO_3} $
$\Rightarrow a + 2a = 0,3$
$\Rightarrow a = 0,1$
$\Rightarrow m_{hh} = 0,1.106 + 0,1.2.138 = 38,2(gam)$
b)
$n_{HCl} =2 n_{Na_2CO_3} + 2n_{K_2CO_3} = 0,6(mol)$
$V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,6}{1,5} = 0,4(lít)$
Phản ứng này không tạo khí bạn nhé :
200ml = 0,2l
300ml = 0,3l
\(n_{MgCl2}=\dfrac{19}{95}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
a) Pt : \(MgCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Mg\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl|\)
1 2 1 2
0,2 0,2 0,4
\(n_{Mg\left(OH\right)2}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{Mg\left(OH\right)2}=0,2.58=11,6\left(g\right)\)
Pt : \(Mg\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}MgO+H_2O|\)
1 1 1
0,2 0,2
\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{MgO}=0,2.40=8\left(g\right)\)
c) \(n_{NaCl}=\dfrac{0,2.2}{1}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{ddspu}=0,2+0,3=0,5\left(l\right)\)
\(C_{M_{NaCl}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}=0,8\left(M\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
\(n_{NaOH}=0,5mol\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,02mol\)
MgCl2+2NaOH\(\rightarrow\)Mg(OH)2+2NaCl(1)
2NaOH+H2SO4\(\rightarrow\)Na2SO4+2H2O(2)
\(n_{NaOH\left(2\right)}=2n_{H_2SO_4}=0,04mol\)
\(n_{NaOH\left(1\right)}=0,5-n_{NaOH\left(2\right)}=0,5-0,04=0,46mol\)
\(n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH\left(1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,46=0,23mol\)
\(m_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=0,23.58=13,34g\)
