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Ta có: mKMnO4 = 300.85% = 255 (kg)
\(\Rightarrow n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{255}{158}\left(kmol\right)\)
PT: \(2KMnO_4+16HCl_đ\rightarrow2KCl+2MnCl_2+5Cl_2+8H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Cl_2\left(LT\right)}=\dfrac{5}{2}n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{1275}{316}\left(kmol\right)\)
Mà: H = 65%
\(\Rightarrow n_{Cl_2\left(TT\right)}=\dfrac{1275}{316}.65\%=\dfrac{3315}{1264}\left(kmol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{Cl_2\left(TT\right)}=\dfrac{3315}{1264}.22,4.1000\approx58746,8\left(l\right)\)
H2 + Cl2 => 2HCl
Bđ: 3___4
Pư:3*0.9_2.7___5.4
Kt : 0.3__1.3____5.4
V = 0.3 + 1.3 + 5.4 = 7(l)
\(n_{AgCl}=\dfrac{43.05}{143.5}=0.3\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{6.72}{22.4}=0.3\left(mol\right),n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{4.48}{22.4}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(H_2+Cl_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2HCl\)
\(0.15....0.15.......0.3\)
\(H\%=\dfrac{0.15}{0.2}\cdot100\%=75\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{22,4}=\dfrac{5}{112}\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: H2 + Cl2 --as--> 2HCl
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{\dfrac{5}{112}}{1}>\dfrac{0,03}{1}\) => Hiệu suất tính theo Cl2
\(n_{AgCl}=\dfrac{7,175}{143,5}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn Cl: \(n_{Cl_2\left(pư\right)}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)
\(H\%=\dfrac{0,025}{0,03}.100\%=83,33\%\)
Cu ko pư => mCu = 3.2
=> mAl, Fe = 14.2 - 3.2 = 11
2Al + 6HCl --------> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Fe + 2HCl ----------> FeCl2 + H2
nH2 = 8.96/22.4 = 0.4
Ta có hpt
27x + 56y = 11
1.5x + y = 0.4
Giải hpt
x = 0.2
y = 0.1
a.
mAl = 27*0.2 = 5.4
%mAl = 5.4*100/14.2 = 38%
%mCu = 3.2*100/14.2 = 22.5%
=> %mFe = 100 - (38 - 22.5) = 39.5%
b.
nHCl = 6x + 2y = 1.4
=> V HCl = 1.4/1.5 = 0.93M
Ý cuối ko hỉu cho b(g) sao tìm a
\(n_{AgCl}=\dfrac{7,175}{143,5}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: HCl + AgNO3 ---> AgCl↓ + HNO3
0,05<---------------0,05
\(\rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,05.36,5=1,825\left(g\right)\\
\rightarrow C\%_{ddA}=\dfrac{1,825}{50}.100\%=3,65\%\)
\(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Đặt H = x%
PTHH: Cl2 + H2 --as--> 2HCl
LTL: 6,72 < 10 => H2 dư
=> nHCl = 0,3x (mol)
\(\rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,3x.36,5}{0,3x.36,5+385,4}.100\%=3,65\%\\ \Leftrightarrow20,23\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11.2}{22.4}=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{8.96}{22.4}=0.4\left(mol\right)\)
\(H_2+Cl_2\underrightarrow{AS}HCl\)
\(0.4.......0.4.........0.4\)
\(V_{HCl}=0.4\cdot22.4=8.96\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=0.4\cdot36.5=14.6\left(g\right)\)
PT: \(Cl_2+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o,as}2HCl\)
Ta có: \(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,5}{1}>\dfrac{0,4}{1}\) , ta được Cl2 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
Không biết đề bài yêu cầu tính thể tích hay khối lượng HCl bạn nhỉ?
8,96l Cl2 + H2 ---H=75%---> 2HCl
0,4............................................0,8
V Hcl lí thuyết : 0,8 . 22,4 = 17,92 (l)
V HCl thực tế : 17,92 . 75% = 13,44 (l)
\(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PT: Cl2 + H2 → 2HCl
Mol: 0,25 0,5
\(m_{HCl\left(lt\right)}=0,5.36,5=18,25\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl\left(tt\right)}=75\%.18,25=13,6875\left(g\right)\)