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\(P=\dfrac{x^3}{y^2}+\dfrac{y^3}{x^2}+2020=\dfrac{x^5+y^5}{\left(xy\right)^2}+2020=\dfrac{\left(x^3+y^3\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)-\left(xy\right)^2\left(x+y\right)}{\left(-2\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left[\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)\right]\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy\right]-\left(-2\right)^2.5}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(-8+6.5\right)\left(25+4\right)-20}{4}=...\)
\(x=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left(\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}+\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left(\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}\right)=\sqrt{6}\)
\(y=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{6}-1\right)^2}=\sqrt{6}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow x-y=1\Rightarrow P=1\)
\(B=x-2020-\sqrt{x-2020}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{8079}{4}\)
\(B=\left(\sqrt{x-2020}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{8079}{4}\ge\dfrac{8079}{4}\)
\(B_{min}=\dfrac{8079}{4}\) khi \(x=\dfrac{8081}{4}\)
ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2020-y^2\ge0\\2020-z^2\ge0\\2020-x^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có:
\(x\sqrt{2020-y^2}+y\sqrt{2020-z^2}+z\sqrt{2020-x^2}=3030\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x\sqrt{2020-y^2}+2y\sqrt{2020-z^2}+2z\sqrt{2020-x^2}=6060\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2020-y^2-2x\sqrt{2020-y^2}+x^2+2020-z^2-2y\sqrt{2020-z^2}+y^2+2020-x^2-2z\sqrt{2020-x^2}+z^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{2020-y^2}-x\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{2020-z^2}-y\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{2020-x^2}-z\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{2020-y^2}-x\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{2020-z^2}-y\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{2020-x^2}-z\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{2020-y^2}=x\\\sqrt{2020-z^2}=y\\\sqrt{2020-x^2}=z\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2020-y^2=x^2\\2020-z^2=y^2\\2020-x^2=z^2\end{matrix}\right.\)(vì \(x,y,z>0\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2020=x^2+y^2\\2020=y^2+z^2\\2020=z^2+x^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)=3.2020\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2=3.1010=3030\)
\(\Rightarrow A=x^2+y^2+z^2=3030\)
Vậy \(A=3030\)
\(x+y=2\Rightarrow y=2-x\)
\(P=2x^2-\left(2-x\right)^2-5x+\dfrac{1}{x}+2020=x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{x}+2016\)
\(P=x^2+1-x+\dfrac{1}{x}+2015\ge2x-x+\dfrac{1}{x}+2015\)
\(P\ge x+\dfrac{1}{x}+2015\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{x}}+2015=2017\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=1\)
Ta có: x2 + x2y2 - 2y = 0
\(\Rightarrow\)x2 + x2y2 + y2 - 2y + 1 - y2 - 1 = 0
\(\Rightarrow\)(x2 - 1) + (x2y2 - y2) + (y - 1)2 = 0
\(\Rightarrow\)(x2 - 1) + y2(x2 - 1) + (y - 1)2 = 0
\(\Rightarrow\)(x2 - 1)(1 + y2) + (y - 1)2 = 0
\(\Rightarrow\)(x2 - 1)(1 + y2) = -(y - 1)2 \(\le\)0 V y
\(\Rightarrow\)x2 - 1 \(\le\)0 V x ( vì 1 + y2 > 0 , V y )
\(\Rightarrow\)(x - 1)(x + 1) \(\le\)0
\(\Rightarrow\)x - 1 và x + 1 trái dấu
Do đó \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-1\ge0\\x+1\le0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge1\\x\le-1\end{cases}}\) ( vô lý )
Hoặc \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-1\le0\\x+1\ge0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}x\le1\\x\ge-1\end{cases}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\)-1\(\le\)x \(\le\)1 (*)
Lại có: x3 + 2y2 - 4y + 3 = 0
\(\Rightarrow\)(x3 + 1) + 2(y2 - 2y + 1) = 0
\(\Rightarrow\)(x3 + 1) + 2(y - 1)2 = 0
\(\Rightarrow\)x3 + 1 = -2(y - 1)2 \(\le\)0, V y
\(\Rightarrow\)x3 + 1 \(\le\)0, V x
\(\Rightarrow\)(x + 1)(x2 - x + 1) \(\le\)0
\(\Rightarrow\)x + 1 \(\le\)0 ( vì x2 - x + 1 = (x - 1/2 )2 + 3/4 > 0, V x )
\(\Rightarrow\)x \(\le\)-1 (**)
Từ (*) và (**) suy ra x = -1 \(\Rightarrow\)(-1)2 + (-1)2 . y2 - 2y = 0
\(\Rightarrow\)1 + y2 - 2y = 0
\(\Rightarrow\)( y - 1 )2 = 0 \(\Rightarrow\)y = 1
\(\Rightarrow\)x2 + y2 = (-1)2 + 12 = 2
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(x\sqrt{2020-y^2}+y\sqrt{2020-z^2}+z\sqrt{2020-x^2}\leq \frac{x^2+(2020-y^2)}{2}+\frac{y^2+(2020-z^2)}{2}+\frac{z^2+(2020-x^2)}{2}=3030\)Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} x^2=2020-y^2\\ y^2=2020-z^2\\ z^2=2020-x^2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow x=y=z=\sqrt{1010}\)
Khi đó:
$A=3(\sqrt{1010})^2=3030$
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Đặt \(x^2+y^2=a\)
Khi đó ta được: \(P=\left(a+2\right)^3-\left(a-2\right)^3-12a^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=a^3.6a^2+12a+8-a^3+6a^2-12a+8-12a^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\left(a^3-a^3\right)+\left(6a^2+6a^2-12a^2\right)+\left(12a-12a\right)+8+8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=16\)
Vậy \(P=16\) tại \(x=2019\) và \(y=2020\)