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mH2SO4=200.9,8%=19,6(g) -> nH2SO4=19,6/98=0,2(mol)
mKOH=200.5,6%=11,2(g) -> nKOH=11,2/56=0,2(mol)
PTHH: 2 KOH + H2SO4 -> K2SO4 + 2 H2O
Ta có: 0,2/2 < 0,2/1
=> H2SO4 dư, KOH hết, tính theo nKOH
=> Chất có trong dd thu được sau p.ứ: K2SO4 và H2SO4(dư)
nH2SO4(p.ứ)=nK2SO4=1/2. nKOH=1/2. 0,2=0,1(mol)
nH2SO4(dư)=0,2-0,1=0,1(mol) => mH2SO4(dư)=0,1.98=9,8(g)
mK2SO4=174. 0,1=17,4(g)
mddsau= mddH2SO4 + mddKOH= 200+200=400(g)
=>C%ddH2SO4(dư)= (9,8/400).100=2,45%
C%ddK2SO4=(17,4/400).100=4,35%
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=19,6\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{KOH}=11,2\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{KOH}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(H_2SO_4+2KOH\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
\(\Rightarrow H_2SO_4\) dư.
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4dư}=0,3\left(mol\right);n_{K_2SO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{H_2SO_4dư}=\dfrac{0,3.98}{400}.100\%=7,35\%\)
\(C\%_{K_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.174}{400}.100\%=4,35\%\)
cho mình hỏi nha:H2SO4 trong đề đặc hay loãng vậy, pư có đun nóng ko ? Nếu ko phải đặc nóng thì pư ko xảy ra đâu bạn à
a) H2SO4 + 2NaOH --> Na2SO4 + 2H2O
b) \(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: H2SO4 + 2NaOH --> Na2SO4 + 2H2O
0,2---->0,4
=> mNaOH = 0,4.40 = 16 (g)
=> \(m_{dd.NaOH}=\dfrac{16.100}{20}=80\left(g\right)\)
c)
PTHH: H2SO4 + 2KOH --> K2SO4 + 2H2O
0,2---->0,4
=> mKOH = 0,4.56 = 22,4 (g)
=> \(m_{dd.KOH}=\dfrac{22,4.100}{5,6}=400\left(g\right)\)
=> \(V_{dd.KOH}=\dfrac{400}{1,045}=382,775\left(ml\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:H_2SO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
0,2 0,4
\(m_{\text{ }NaOH}=0,4.40=16g\\ m_{\text{dd}NaOH}=\dfrac{16.100}{20}=80g\)
\(pthh:H_2SO_4+2KOH\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
0,2 0,4
\(m_{KOH}=0,4.56=22,4g\\
m_{\text{dd}KOH}=\dfrac{22,4.100}{5,6}=400g\\
V_{\text{dd}}=\dfrac{400}{1,045}=382,7ml\)
\(V_{dd}=\dfrac{22,4}{1,045}=21,4354ml\)
a)
$Fe +H_2SO_4 \to FeSO_4 + H_2$
$FeSO_4 + 2KOH \to Fe(OH)_2 + K_2SO_4$
$4Fe(OH)_2 + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Fe_2O_3 + 4H_2O$
$n_{Fe_2O_3} = \dfrac{20}{160} = 0,125(mol)$
Theo PTHH : $n_{Fe} = 2n_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,25(mol)$
$m_{Fe} = 0,25.56 = 14(gam)$
b)
$n_{H_2} = n_{Fe} = 0,25(mol)$
$V_{H_2} = 0,25.22,4 = 5,6(lít)$
c)
$n_{H_2SO_4} = n_{Fe} = 0,25(mol)$
$V_{dd\ H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,25}{1} = 0,25(lít) = 250(ml)$
\(PTHH:Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\\ FeSO_4+2KOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_2+K_2SO_4\\4 Fe\left(OH\right)_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe_2O_3+4H_2O\)
\(a.n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{20}{160}=0,125\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Fe}=n_{FeSO_4}=n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{4}{2}.0,125=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Fe}=0,25.56=14\left(g\right)\\ b.V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\\ c.V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25}{1}=0,25\left(l\right)=250\left(ml\right)\)
Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl2 + H2
nFe = 5,6/56 = 0,1 mol
=>nH2 = 0,1 mol
=> VH2= 0,1*22,4= 2,24 lít
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
0,1-->0,2------------------>0,1
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{15\%}=\dfrac{146}{3}\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 2
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200.9,8\%}{98.100\%}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{KOH}=\dfrac{200.5,6\%}{56.100\%}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(H_2SO_4+2KOH-->K_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
Ta có \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}>\dfrac{0,2}{2}\) => H2SO4 là chât còn dư
\(m_{K_2SO_4}=0,1.174=17,4\%\)
\(C\%_{K_2SO_4}=\dfrac{17,4}{200+200}.100\%=4,35\%\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4du}=\left(0,2-0,1\right).98=9,8\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{H_2SO_4du}=\dfrac{9,8}{200+200}.100\%=2,45\%\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{19,6.100}{100}=19,6\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{19,6}{98}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2KOH + H2SO4 ---> K2SO4 + 2H2O
0,4<-----0,2--------->0,2
\(\rightarrow m_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{0,4.56}{5,6\%}=400\left(g\right)\\ m_{dd\left(sau.pư\right)}=400+100=500\left(g\right)\\ m_{K_2SO_4}=174.0,2=34,8\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow C\%_{K_2SO_4}=\dfrac{34,8}{500}.100\%=6,96\%\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{100.19,6\%}{98}=0,2mol\)
\(2KOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
0,4 0,2 0,2 ( mol )
\(m_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{0,4.56}{5,6\%}=400g\)
\(C\%_{K_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,2.174}{100+400}.100=6,96\%\)