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\(\dfrac{1}{a+3b}+\dfrac{1}{a+b+2c}\ge\dfrac{4}{2a+4b+2c}=\dfrac{2}{a+2b+c}\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{1}{b+3c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c+2a}\ge\dfrac{2}{a+b+2c}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{c+3a}+\dfrac{1}{a+c+2b}\ge\dfrac{2}{2a+b+c}\)
Cộng vế với vế và rút gọn:
\(\dfrac{1}{a+3b}+\dfrac{1}{b+3c}+\dfrac{1}{c+3a}\ge\dfrac{1}{a+2b+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+2c+a}+\dfrac{1}{c+2a+b}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM - GM, ta có:
\(a^2+2b^2+3\)
\(=\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\left(b^2+1\right)+2\)
\(\ge2ab+2b+2\)
Tương tự, ta có: \(b^2+2c^2+3\ge2bc+2c+2\) và \(c^2+2a^2+3\ge2ac+2a+2\)
\(VT=\dfrac{1}{a^2+2b^2+3}+\dfrac{1}{b^2+2c^2+3}+\dfrac{1}{c^2+2a^2+3}\)
\(\le\dfrac{1}{2ab+2b+2}+\dfrac{1}{2bc+2c+2}+\dfrac{1}{2ac+2a+2}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{ab+b+1}+\dfrac{1}{bc+c+1}+\dfrac{1}{ac+a+1}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{ab+b+1}+\dfrac{abc}{bc+c+abc}+\dfrac{abc}{ac+a^2bc+abc}\right)\) (Thay abc = 1)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{ab+b+1}+\dfrac{ab}{b+1+ab}+\dfrac{b}{1+ab+b}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\times\dfrac{1+ab+b}{ab+b+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}=VP\left(\text{đ}pcm\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1
Giả sử c là số ở giửa a và b. khi đó \(\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)\ge0\)
Ta chứng minh :
\(VT\le c\left(\dfrac{b^2}{2b^2+a^2+c^2}+\dfrac{a^2}{2a^2+b^2+c^2}\right)+\dfrac{abc}{a^2+b^2+2c^2}\)(*)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(c-a\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(b^2+c^2-bc+a^2\right)}{\left(a^2+c^2+2b^2\right)\left(b^2+a^2+2c^2\right)}\ge0\) (Đúng)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(VT\le\dfrac{c}{4}\left(\dfrac{b^2}{a^2+b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+b^2}+\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+c^2}\right)+\dfrac{abc}{2ac+2bc}\)
\(\le\dfrac{c}{4}\left(1+\dfrac{b^2}{2bc}+\dfrac{a^2}{2ac}\right)+\dfrac{\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}}{2\left(a+b\right)}=\dfrac{c}{4}+\dfrac{a+b}{8}+\dfrac{a+b}{8}\)
\(=\dfrac{a+b+c}{4}\)( \(ĐpcM\))
Dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel ta có:
\(VT=\dfrac{a}{b+2c+3d}+\dfrac{b}{c+2d+3a}+\dfrac{c}{d+2a+3b}+\dfrac{d}{a+2b+3c}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^2}{ab+2ac+3ad}+\dfrac{b^2}{bc+2bd+3ab}+\dfrac{c^2}{cd+2ac+3bc}+\dfrac{d^2}{ad+2bd+3cd}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}{4\left(ab+ad+bc+bd+ca+cd\right)}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}{\dfrac{3}{2}\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
*Chứng minh \(4\left(ab+ad+bc+bd+ca+cd\right)\le\dfrac{3}{2}\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-d\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(b-d\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(c-d\right)^2\ge0\)
Có \(ab+bc+ac=abc\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=1\)
Áp dụng các bđt sau:Với x;y;z>0 có: \(\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\) và \(\dfrac{1}{x+y}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\)
Có \(\dfrac{1}{a+3b+2c}=\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)+\left(b+c\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{2}{b+c}\right)\)\(\le\dfrac{1}{9}.\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{36}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{3}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\right)\)
CMTT: \(\dfrac{1}{b+3c+2a}\le\dfrac{1}{36}\left(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{3}{c}+\dfrac{2}{a}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{c+3a+2b}\le\dfrac{1}{36}\left(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{3}{a}+\dfrac{2}{b}\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế => \(VT\le\dfrac{1}{36}\left(\dfrac{6}{a}+\dfrac{6}{b}+\dfrac{6}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{36}.6\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{6}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c=3
Có \(a+b=2\Leftrightarrow2\ge2\sqrt{ab}\Leftrightarrow ab\le1\)
\(E=\left(3a^2+2b\right)\left(3b^2+2a\right)+5a^2b+5ab^2+2ab\)
\(=9a^2b^2+6\left(a^3+b^3\right)+4ab+5ab\left(a+b\right)+20ab\)
\(=9a^2b^2+6\left(a+b\right)^3-18ab\left(a+b\right)+4ab+5ab\left(a+b\right)+20ab\)
\(=9a^2b^2+48-18ab.2+4ab+5.2.ab+20ab\)
\(=9a^2b^2-2ab+48\)
Đặt \(f\left(ab\right)=9a^2b^2-2ab+48;ab\le1\), đỉnh \(I\left(\dfrac{1}{9};\dfrac{431}{9}\right)\)
Hàm đồng biến trên khoảng \(\left[\dfrac{1}{9};1\right]\backslash\left\{\dfrac{1}{9}\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(ab\right)_{max}=55\Leftrightarrow ab=1\)
\(\Rightarrow E_{max}=55\Leftrightarrow a=b=1\)
Vậy...
\(A=\dfrac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}+\dfrac{b^2}{2b^2+ac}+\dfrac{c^2}{2c^2+ab}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2A=\dfrac{2a^2}{2a^2+bc}+\dfrac{2b^2}{2b^2+ac}+\dfrac{2c^2}{2c^2+ab}\)
\(=1-\dfrac{bc}{2a^2+bc}+1-\dfrac{ac}{2b^2+ac}+1-\dfrac{ab}{2c^2+ab}\)
\(=3-\dfrac{bc}{2a^2+bc}-\dfrac{ac}{2b^2+ac}-\dfrac{ab}{2c^2+ab}\)
CM: \(P=\dfrac{bc}{2a^2+bc}+\dfrac{ac}{2b^2+ac}+\dfrac{ab}{2c^2+ab}\ge1\)
Thật vậy:
\(P\ge\dfrac{\left(ab+bc+ac\right)^2}{2a^2bc+b^2c^2+2b^2ac+a^2c^2+2c^2ab+a^2b^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(ab+bc+ac\right)^2}{a^2bc+a^2bc+b^2c^2+b^2ac+b^2ac+a^2c^2+c^2ab+c^2ab+a^2b^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(ab+bc+ac\right)^2}{ab\left(ac+bc+ab\right)+bc\left(ab+bc+ac\right)+ac\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}\)
\(=1\)
\(2A=3-P\le3-1=2\)
\(2A\le2\Leftrightarrow A\le1\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Chứng minh rằng: - K2PI – TOÁN THPT | Chia sẻ Tài liệu, đề thi, hỗ trợ giải toán
\(abc\le1\)
\(VT=\sum\dfrac{a^4}{2abc+a^2b}\ge\dfrac{\sum^2a^2}{6+\sum a^2b}\ge\dfrac{\sum^2a^2}{6+\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{3}\sum^3a^2}}\)
Ta cần chứng minh :
\(\dfrac{\sum^2a^2}{6+\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{3}\sum^3a^2}}\ge1\)
Đặt \(\sum a^2=t\left(t\ge3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{t^2}{6+\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{3}t^3}}\ge1\Leftrightarrow t\sqrt{t}\left(\sqrt{t}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\right)\ge6\)
Thật vậy :
\(t\sqrt{t}\left(\sqrt{t}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\right)\ge3\sqrt{3}\left(\sqrt{3}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\right)=6\left(t\ge3\right)\)
\(BĐT\Leftrightarrow3a\left(2b+a\right)+3b\left(2a+b\right)\le2\left(2a+b\right)\left(2b+a\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow12ab+3a^2+3b^2\le10ab+4a^2+4b^2\\ \Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2-2ab\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\left(\text{luôn đúng}\right)\)
Vậy\(\dfrac{a}{2a+b}+\dfrac{b}{2b+a}\le\dfrac{2}{3}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow a=b\)