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\(M=\dfrac{a\sqrt{a}-b\sqrt{b}-a\sqrt{a}+a\sqrt{b}+b\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}\\ M=\dfrac{a\sqrt{b}+b\sqrt{a}}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}\\ M=\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}\)
\(\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)+2\sqrt{ab}=1\\ \Leftrightarrow1-a-b+ab+2\sqrt{ab}=1\\ \Leftrightarrow a+b-ab-2\sqrt{ab}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2=ab\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}=\sqrt{ab}\\\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}=-\sqrt{ab}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với \(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}=\sqrt{ab}\Leftrightarrow M=\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}}{\sqrt{ab}}=1\)
Với \(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}=-\sqrt{ab}\Leftrightarrow M=\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}}{-\sqrt{ab}}=-1\)
\(M=\dfrac{a\sqrt{a}-b\sqrt{b}-a\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)+b\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{a\sqrt{b}+b\sqrt{a}}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}\)
\(\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)+2\sqrt{ab}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b-ab-2\sqrt{ab}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2=ab\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}=\sqrt{ab}\)
\(M=\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}}{\sqrt{ab}}=1\)
Bài 1:
a)Với x > 0;x ≠ 4 ta có:
\(\left(\dfrac{1}{x-4}-\dfrac{1}{x+4\sqrt{x}+4}\right)\cdot\dfrac{x+2\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}-\dfrac{1}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)^2}\right)\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}{\sqrt{x}}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\cdot\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)-\dfrac{1}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)^2}\cdot\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}+2}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)-\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4}{x-4}\)
c)\(\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{b}}{a-\sqrt{ab}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{ab}-b}\right)\left(a\sqrt{b}-b\sqrt{a}\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}-\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{b}\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}\right)\cdot\sqrt{ab}\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{b-a}{\sqrt{ab}\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}\cdot\sqrt{ab}\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)=b-a\)
Bài 2:
a)Với a > 0;a ≠ 1;a ≠ 2 ta có
\(P=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}^3-1}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}-\dfrac{\sqrt{a}^3+1}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}\right)\cdot\dfrac{a-2}{a+2}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{a+\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}}-\dfrac{a-\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}}\right)\cdot\dfrac{a-2}{a+2}\)
\(=\dfrac{a+\sqrt{a}+1-a+\sqrt{a}-1}{\sqrt{a}}\cdot\dfrac{a-2}{a+2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}}\cdot\dfrac{a-2}{a+2}=\dfrac{2\left(a-2\right)}{a+2}\)
b)Ta có:
\(P=\dfrac{2\left(a-2\right)}{a+2}=\dfrac{2a-4}{a+2}=\dfrac{2\left(a+2\right)-8}{a+2}=2-\dfrac{8}{a+2}\)
P nguyên khi \(2-\dfrac{8}{a+2}\) nguyên⇒\(\dfrac{8}{a+2}\) nguyên⇒\(a+2\inƯ\left(8\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2;\pm4;\pm8\right\}\)
\(TH1:a+2=1\Rightarrow a=-1\left(loai\right)\)
\(TH2:a+2=-1\Rightarrow a=-3\left(loai\right)\)
\(TH3:a+2=2\Rightarrow a=0\left(loai\right)\)
\(TH4:a+2=-2\Rightarrow a=-4\left(loai\right)\)
\(TH5:a+2=4\Rightarrow a=2\left(loai\right)\)
\(TH6:a+2=-4\Rightarrow a=-6\left(loai\right)\)
\(TH7:a+2=8\Rightarrow a=6\left(tm\right)\)
\(TH8:a+2=-8\Rightarrow a=-10\left(loai\right)\)
Vậy a = 6
a,Ta có \(x=4-2\sqrt{3}=\sqrt{3}^2-2\sqrt{3}+1=\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}=\left|\sqrt{3}-1\right|=\sqrt{3}-1\)do \(\sqrt{3}-1>0\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}-1-1}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}-2}\)
b, Với \(x\ge0;x\ne1\)
\(B=\left(\frac{-3\sqrt{x}}{x\sqrt{x}-1}-\frac{1}{1-\sqrt{x}}\right):\left(1-\frac{x+2}{1+\sqrt{x}+x}\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{-3\sqrt{x}+x+\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\right):\left(\frac{x+\sqrt{x}+1-x-2}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\right):\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}\right)\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}.\frac{x+\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}=1\)
Vậy biểu thức ko phụ thuộc biến x
c, Ta có : \(\frac{2A}{B}\)hay \(\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)để biểu thức nhận giá trị nguyên
thì \(\sqrt{x}-1\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2\right\}\)
| \(\sqrt{x}-1\) | 1 | -1 | 2 | -2 |
| \(\sqrt{x}\) | 2 | 0 | 3 | -1 |
| x | 4 | 0 | 9 | vô lí |
câu a ở phần mẫu của cụm đầu tiên cái \(\left(\sqrt{a+\sqrt{b}}\right)^2\rightarrow\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2\) giúp em với ạ ( em cảm ơn )
a) Vì khi a>0 và \(a\notin\left\{4;1\right\}\) thì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{a}-1\ne0\\\sqrt{a}\ne0\\\sqrt{a}-2\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\)
nên Q xác định
b) Ta có: \(Q=\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}-1}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}}\right):\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}-2}-\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+2}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}:\dfrac{a-1-a+4}{\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}{3}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-2}{3\sqrt{a}}\)
Để Q dương thì \(\sqrt{a}-2>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a>4\)
Kết hợp ĐKXĐ, ta được: a>4
\(A=x-4-\sqrt{x^4-8x^2+16}=x-4-\sqrt{[\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)]^2}\)
\(A=x-4-\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)=x-4-\left(x^2-4\right)=-x^2+x\)
\(B=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}.\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)=a-b\)
Đặt \(\left(\dfrac{1}{a};\dfrac{1}{b};\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\Rightarrow xy+yz+zx=1\)
\(P=\sqrt{\dfrac{yz}{x^2+1}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{zx}{y^2+1}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{z^2+1}}\)
\(P=\sqrt{\dfrac{yz}{x^2+xy+yz+zx}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{zx}{y^2+xy+yz+zx}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{z^2+xy+yz+zx}}\)
\(P=\sqrt{\dfrac{yz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{zx}{\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}}\)
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{y}{x+y}+\dfrac{z}{x+z}\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{z}{y+z}+\dfrac{x}{x+y}\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{x}{x+z}+\dfrac{y}{y+z}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(P_{max}=\dfrac{3}{2}\) khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\) hay \(a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\)
\(A=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{ab}}:\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{ab}}\right)^2-\dfrac{a+b}{\left(\sqrt{a}-b\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{ab}}.\dfrac{ab}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}-\dfrac{a+b}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{ab}}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}-\dfrac{a+b}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}\)
\(==\dfrac{-\left(a-2\sqrt{ab}+b\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}=\dfrac{-\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}=-1\)