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Ta có:
\(\frac{1.3.5...\left(2n-1\right)}{\left(n+1\right).\left(n+2\right).\left(n+3\right)...2n}=\frac{\left(1.3.5...2n-1\right).\left(2.4.6...2n\right)}{\left(2.4.6...2n\right)\left(n+1\right).\left(n+2\right).\left(n+3\right)...2n}\)
\(=\frac{1.2.3.4.5.6...\left(2n-1\right).2n}{1.2.3...n\left(n+1\right).\left(n+2\right).\left(n+3\right)...2n.2^n}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2^n}\)
Ta có :
\(A=\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{6^2}+\frac{1}{8^2}+...+\frac{1}{\left(2n\right)^2}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{2^2}\left(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{n^2}\right)< \frac{1}{2^2}\left(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\right)\)
\(A< \frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{n-1}-\frac{1}{n}\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(1-\frac{1}{n}\right)\)
\(A< \frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{4n}\)
Lại có \(n>0\) nên \(\frac{1}{4n}>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{4n}< \frac{1}{4}\)
Vậy \(A< \frac{1}{4}\)
Đặt A = 12 + 22 + 32 + 42 + ... + n2
A = 1 + (1 + 1).2 + (1 + 2).3 + (1 + 3).4 + ... + (1 + n - 1).n
A = 1 + 1.2 + 2 + 3 + 2.3 + 4 + 3.4 + ... + n + (n - 1).n
A = [1.2 + 2.3 + 3.4 + ... + (n - 1).n] + (1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + ... + n)
A = [1.2 + 2.3 + 3.4 + ... + (n - 1).n] + \(\frac{n.\left(n+1\right)}{2}\)
Đặt B = 1.2 + 2.3 + 3.4 + ... + (n - 1).n
3B = 1.2.(3 - 0) + 2.3.(4 - 1) + 3.4.(5 - 2) + ... + (n - 1).n.[(n + 1) - (n - 2)]
3B = 1.2.3 - 0.1.2 + 2.3.4 - 1.2.3 + 3.4.5 - 2.3.4 + ... + (n - 1).n.(n + 1) - (n - 2).(n - 1).n
3B = (n - 1).n.(n + 1)
\(B=\frac{\left(n-1\right).n.\left(n+1\right)}{3}\)
\(A=\frac{n.\left(n+1\right)}{2}+\frac{\left(n-1\right).n.\left(n+1\right)}{3}\)
\(A=\frac{3n.\left(n+1\right)+2.\left(n-1\right).n.\left(n+1\right)}{6}\)
\(A=\frac{n.\left(n+1\right).\left(3+2n-2\right)}{6}=\frac{n.\left(n+1\right).\left(2n+1\right)}{6}\left(đpcm\right)\)
