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3.
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sinx-\dfrac{1}{2}cosx=cos3x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{6}\right)=sin\left(\dfrac{\pi}{2}-3x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\dfrac{\pi}{6}=\dfrac{\pi}{2}-3x+k2\pi\\x-\dfrac{\pi}{6}=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+3x+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{6}+\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\\x=-\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
Lý thuyết đồ thị:
Phương trình \(f\left(x\right)=m\) có nghiệm khi và chỉ khi \(f\left(x\right)_{min}\le m\le f\left(x\right)_{max}\)
Hoặc sử dụng điều kiện có nghiệm của pt lương giác bậc nhất (tùy bạn)
a.
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\left(1-cos2x\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}sin2x=m\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}sin2x-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cos2x+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}=m\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(2x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}=m\)
\(\Rightarrow\) Pt có nghiệm khi và chỉ khi:
\(-1+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\le m\le1+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
b.
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3}{2}\left(1-cos2x\right)-sin2x+m=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin2x+\dfrac{3}{2}cos2x-\dfrac{3}{2}=m\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{13}}{2}\left(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{13}}sin2x+\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{13}}cos2x\right)-\dfrac{3}{2}=m\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{13}}=cosa\) với \(a\in\left(0;\dfrac{\pi}{2}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{13}}{2}sin\left(2x+a\right)-\dfrac{3}{2}=m\)
Phương trình có nghiệm khi và chỉ khi:
\(\dfrac{-\sqrt{13}-3}{2}\le m\le\dfrac{\sqrt{13}-3}{2}\)
a) \(\sqrt{3}\left(\dfrac{1+cos2x}{2}\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}sin2x=m\) ↔ \(\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cos2x+\dfrac{1}{2}sin2x=m-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
→\(\sqrt{3}cos2x+sin2x=2m-\sqrt{3}\) ↔ \(2cos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{6}-2x\right)=2m-\sqrt{3}\)
→\(cos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{6}-2x\right)=m-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
Pt có nghiệm khi và chỉ khi \(-1\le m-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\le1\)
b) \(\left(3+m\right)sin^2x-2sinx.cosx+mcos^2x=0\)
cosx=0→ sinx=0=> vô lý
→ sinx#0 chia cả 2 vế của pt cho cos2x ta đc:
\(\left(3+m\right)tan^2x-2tanx+m=0\)
pt có nghiệm ⇔ △' ≥0
Tự giải phần sau
c) \(\left(1-m\right)sin^2x+2\left(m-1\right)sinx.cosx-\left(2m+1\right)cos^2x=0\)
⇔cosx=0→sinx=0→ vô lý
⇒ cosx#0 chia cả 2 vế pt cho cos2x
\(\left(1-m\right)tan^2x+2\left(m-1\right)tanx-\left(2m+1\right)=0\)
pt có nghiệm khi và chỉ khi △' ≥ 0
Tự giải
a, \(cos^2x-cosx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cosx\left(cosx-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cosx=0\\cosx=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(2sin2x+\sqrt{2}sin4x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2sin2x+2\sqrt{2}sin2x.cos2x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin2x\left(1+\sqrt{2}cos2x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sin2x=0\\1+\sqrt{2}cos2x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=k\pi\\cos2x=-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\\2x=\dfrac{3\pi}{4}+k2\pi\\2x=\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\\x=\dfrac{3\pi}{8}+k\pi\\x=\dfrac{\pi}{8}+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, \(cos^2x-cosx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cosx\left(cosx-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cosx=0\\cosx=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\\x=k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\) (k ∈ Z)
Vậy...
b, \(2sin2x+\sqrt{2}sin4x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2sin2x+2\sqrt{2}sin2x.cos2x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2sin2x\left(1+\sqrt{2}cos2x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sin2x=0\\cos2x=\dfrac{-\sqrt{2}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=k\pi\\2x=\pm\dfrac{3\pi}{4}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\\x=\pm\dfrac{3\pi}{8}+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy...
c, \(8cos^2x+2sinx-7=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8\left(1-sin^2x\right)+2sinx-7=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8sin^2x-2sinx-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx=\dfrac{1}{2}\\sinx=-\dfrac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\\x=\dfrac{5\pi}{6}+k2\pi\\x=arcsin\left(-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+k2\pi\\x=\pi-arcsin\left(-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy...
d, \(4cos^4x+cos^2x-3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cos^2x=\dfrac{3}{4}\\cos^2x=-1\left(loai\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{cos2x+1}{2}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos2x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=\pm\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\pm\dfrac{\pi}{6}+k\pi\)
Vậy...
e, \(\sqrt{3}tanx-6cotx+\left(2\sqrt{3}-3\right)=0\) (ĐK: \(x\ne\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3}tanx-\dfrac{6}{tanx}+\left(2\sqrt{3}-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3}tan^2x+\left(2\sqrt{3}-3\right)tanx-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}tanx=\sqrt{3}\\tanx=-2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k\pi\left(tm\right)\\x=arctan\left(-2\right)+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy...
a/ \(cosx-cos2x+sin2x-sinx=3-4cosx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2sinx.cosx-sinx-2cos^2x+5cosx-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sinx\left(2cosx-1\right)-\left(2cosx-1\right)\left(cosx-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2cosx-1\right)\left(sinx-cosx+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2cosx-1=0\\sinx-cosx=-2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cosx=\frac{1}{2}\\sin\left(x-\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=-\sqrt{2}< -1\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\pm\frac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\)
b/ ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}cosx\ne0\\sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow...\)
\(\frac{2cos^2x+\sqrt{3}sin2x+3}{2cos^2x.sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)}=\frac{3}{cos^2x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2cos^2x+2\sqrt{3}sinx.cosx+3=3\left(sinx+\sqrt{3}cosx\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2cos^2x-3\sqrt{3}cosx+3+2\sqrt{3}sinx.cosx-3sinx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2cosx-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(cosx-\sqrt{3}\right)+\sqrt{3}sinx\left(2cosx-\sqrt{3}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2cosx-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(cosx+\sqrt{3}sinx-\sqrt{3}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cosx=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\\sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow...\)
\(d\text{) }4\left(sin^4x+cos^4x\right)+\sqrt{3}sin4x=2\\ \Leftrightarrow4\left(1-2sin^2x\cdot cos^2x\right)+\sqrt{3}sin4x=2\\ \Leftrightarrow-8sin^2x\cdot cos^2x+\sqrt{3}sin4x=-2\\ \Leftrightarrow-2sin^22x+\sqrt{3}sin4x=-2\\ \Leftrightarrow cos4x-1+\sqrt{3}sin4x=-2\\ \Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}cos4x+\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sin4x=-\frac{1}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow sin\frac{\pi}{6}\cdot cos4x+cos\frac{\pi}{6}\cdot sin4x=-\frac{1}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow sin\left(4x+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)=sin\frac{-\pi}{6}\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4x+\frac{\pi}{6}=\frac{-\pi}{6}+a2\pi\\4x+\frac{\pi}{6}=\frac{7\pi}{6}+b2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{-\pi}{12}+\frac{a\pi}{2}\\x=\frac{\pi}{4}+\frac{b\pi}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(e\text{) }4sinx\cdot cosx\cdot cos2x+cos4x=\sqrt{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow sin4x+cos4x=\sqrt{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow sin4x\cdot\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}+\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}cos4x=1\\ \Leftrightarrow sin4x\cdot cos\frac{\pi}{4}+cos4x\cdot sin\frac{\pi}{4}=1\\ \Leftrightarrow sin\left(4x+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=1=sin\frac{\pi}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow4x+\frac{\pi}{4}=\frac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\frac{\pi}{16}+\frac{k\pi}{2}\)
\(\text{a) }cos^2x+sin2x-1=0\\ \Leftrightarrow2sinx\cdot cosx-sin^2x=0\\ \Leftrightarrow sinx\left(2cosx-sinx\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx=0\\sinx=2cosx\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx=0\\tanx=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx=a\pi\\x=arctan\left(2\right)+b\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\text{b) }\sqrt{3}sin2x+cos^4x-sin^4x=\sqrt{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3}sin2x+\left(cos^2x-sin^2x\right)\left(cos^2x+sin^2x\right)=\sqrt{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\cdot sin2x+\frac{1}{2}\cdot cos2x=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow cos\frac{\pi}{6}\cdot sin2x+sin\frac{\pi}{6}\cdot cos2x=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow cos\frac{\pi}{6}\cdot sin2x+sin\frac{\pi}{6}\cdot cos2x=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow sin\left(2x+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)=sin\frac{\pi}{4}\\ \\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+\frac{\pi}{6}=\frac{\pi}{4}+a2\pi\\2x+\frac{\pi}{6}=\frac{3\pi}{4}+b2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\pi}{24}+a\pi\\x=\frac{7\pi}{24}+b\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(c\text{) }cos^2x-sin^2x=\sqrt{2}sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow cos^2x-sin^2x=\sqrt{2}\left(sinx\cdot\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}+cosx\cdot\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(cosx-sinx\right)\left(sinx+cosx\right)=sinx+cosx\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cosx-sinx=1\\sinx=-cosx\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cos^2x+\left(cosx-1\right)^2=1\\tanx=-1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cosx=0\\cosx=1\\tanx=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\pi}{2}+a\pi\\x=b2\pi\\x=\frac{3\pi}{4}=c\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) Dễ thấy cosx = 0 không thỏa mãn phương trình đã cho nên chiaw phương trình cho cos2x ta được phương trình tương đương 2tan2x + tanx - 3 = 0.
Đặt t = tanx thì phương trình này trở thành
2t2 + t - 3 = 0 ⇔ t ∈ {1 ;
}.
Vậy
b) Thay 2 = 2(sin2x + cos2x), phương trình đã cho trở thành
3sin2x - 4sinxcosx + 5cos2x = 2sin2x + 2cos2x
⇔ sin2x - 4sinxcosx + 3cos2x = 0
⇔ tan2x - 4tanx + 3 = 0
⇔
⇔ x =
+ kπ ; x = arctan3 + kπ, k ∈ Z.
c) Thay sin2x = 2sinxcosx ;
= 
(sin2x + cos2x) vào phương trình đã cho và rút gọn ta được phương trình tương đương
⇔ x =
+ kπ ; x = arctan(-5) + kπ, k ∈ Z.
d) 2cos2x - 3√3sin2x - 4sin2x = -4
⇔ 2cos2x - 3√3sin2x + 4 - 4sin2x = 0
⇔ 6cos2x - 6√3sinxcosx = 0 ⇔ cosx(cosx - √3sinx) = 0
⇔