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\(hpt\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3xy=2\left(x+y\right)\\5yz=6\left(y+z\right)\\4zx=3\left(x+z\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow x=y=z=0\) \(là\) \(nghiệm\)
\(x=y=z\ne0\Rightarrow hpt\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2\left(x+y\right)}{2xy}=\dfrac{3xy}{2xy}\\\dfrac{6\left(y+z\right)}{6yz}=\dfrac{5yz}{6yz}\\\dfrac{3\left(x+z\right)}{3zx}=\dfrac{4xz}{3zx}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{3}{2}\\\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=\dfrac{5}{6}\\\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{z}=\dfrac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(ddặt\left(\dfrac{1}{x};\dfrac{1}{y};\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=\dfrac{3}{2}\\b+c=\dfrac{5}{6}\\a+c=\dfrac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1=\dfrac{1}{x}\Leftrightarrow x=1\left(tm\right)\\b=\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{1}{y}\Leftrightarrow y=2\left(tm\right)\\c=\dfrac{1}{3}\Leftrightarrow z=3\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
TK
Hệ có nghiệm là x = y = z = 0
Với xyz ≠ 0 thì (I) được viết lại
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x+y}{xy}=\dfrac{3}{2}\\\dfrac{y+z}{yz}=\dfrac{5}{6}\\\dfrac{z+x}{zx}=\dfrac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left(II\right)\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{3}{2}\\\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=\dfrac{5}{6}\\\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{x}=\dfrac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng 3 phương trình của hệ (II) theo vế ta được
\(2\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=\dfrac{11}{3}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=\dfrac{11}{6}\)
Trừ phương trình trên cho từng phương trình của hệ (II) theo vế ta lần lượt có \(x=1,y=2,z=3\)
Vậy hệ phương trình có hai nghiệm \(\left(0;0;0\right)\&\left(1;2;3\right)\)
Dễ thấy tập nghiệm \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(0;0;0\right)\) thỏa mãn.
Xét \(xyz\ne0\), hệ tương đương với :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{x+y}{xy}=\frac{5}{6}\\\frac{y+z}{yz}=\frac{7}{12}\\\frac{x+z}{xz}=\frac{3}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}=\frac{5}{6}\left(1\right)\\\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{7}{12}\left(2\right)\\\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{3}{4}\left(3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Có \(2\cdot\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=\frac{5}{6}+\frac{7}{12}+\frac{3}{4}=\frac{13}{6}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{13}{12}\)
+) Từ (1) suy ra \(\frac{1}{z}=\frac{13}{12}-\frac{5}{6}=\frac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow z=4\)
+) Từ (2) suy ra \(\frac{1}{x}=\frac{13}{12}-\frac{7}{12}=\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
+) Từ (3) suy ra \(\frac{1}{y}=\frac{13}{12}-\frac{3}{4}=\frac{1}{3}\Leftrightarrow y=3\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của hệ là \(\left(x;y;z\right)\in\left\{\left(0;0;0\right);\left(2;3;4\right)\right\}\)
a: Sửa đề:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3xy=2\left(x+y\right)\\4yz=3\left(y+z\right)\\5xz=6\left(z+x\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x+y}{xy}=\dfrac{3}{2}\\\dfrac{y+z}{yz}=\dfrac{4}{3}\\\dfrac{x+z}{xz}=\dfrac{5}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{3}{2}\\\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=\dfrac{4}{3}\\\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{z}=\dfrac{5}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}=\dfrac{3}{2}\\\dfrac{1}{y}=1\\\dfrac{1}{z}=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{2}{3};y=1;z=3\)
b: Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau,ta được:
\(\dfrac{x}{4}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{9}=\dfrac{7x-3y+2z}{7\cdot4-3\cdot3+2\cdot9}=\dfrac{37}{37}=1\)
=>x=4; y=3; z=9
b, Ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+z=3\\y+z+t=4\\z+t+x=5\\t+x+y=6\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(x+y+z+y+z+t+z+t+x+t+x+y=18\)
=> \(3\left(x+y+z+t\right)=18\)
=> \(x+y+z+t=6\)
=> \(x+y+z+t=x+y+t\)
=> \(z=0\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=3\\y+t=4\\x+t=5\\x+y+t=6\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=3\\y+t=4\\x+t=5\\y+5=6\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=3\\t+1=4\\x+t=5\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\t=3\\x+t=5\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=1\\z=0\\t=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, Ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7xy=12\left(x+y\right)\\9yz=20\left(y+z\right)\\8zx=15\left(z+x\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7xy-12x-12y=0\\9yz-20y-20z=0\\8zx-15z-15x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{12y}{7y-12}\\y=\frac{20z}{9z-20}\\x=\frac{15z}{8z-15}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(12y\left(8z-15\right)=15z\left(7y-12\right)\)
=> \(96yz-180y=105yz-180z\)
=> \(105yz-96yz=-180y+180z\)
=> \(9yz=-180y+180z\)
=> \(180z-180y=20y+20z\)
=> \(180z-20z=180y+20y=160z=200y\)
=> \(y=\frac{4}{5}z\)
=> \(\frac{20z}{9z-20}=\frac{4z}{5}\)
=> \(4z\left(9z-20\right)=100z\)
=> \(36z^2-180z=0\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}z=5\\z=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1 : z = 0 .
=> \(x=y=z=0\)
TH2 : z = 5 .
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7xy=12\left(x+y\right)\\45y=20\left(y+5\right)\\40x=15\left(5+x\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=4\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=4\\z=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Nhận thấy \(x=y=z=0\) là 1 nghiệm
Với \(x;y;z\ne0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}=\frac{5}{12}\\\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{5}{18}\\\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}=\frac{13}{36}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{1}{x}=\frac{1}{4}\\\frac{1}{y}=\frac{1}{6}\\\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{9}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\y=6\\z=9\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy hệ có 2 bộ nghiệm \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(0;0;0\right);\left(4;6;9\right)\)