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1.
\(x^4-6x^2-12x-8=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4-2x^2+1-4x^2-12x-9=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-1\right)^2=\left(2x+3\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-1=2x+3\\x^2-1=-2x-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-2x-4=0\\x^2+2x+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\pm\sqrt{5}\)
3.
ĐK: \(x\ge-9\)
\(x^4-x^3-8x^2+9x-9+\left(x^2-x+1\right)\sqrt{x+9}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x+9}+x^2-9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+9}+x^2-9=0\left(1\right)\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x+9}=t\left(t\ge0\right)\Rightarrow9=t^2-x\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow t+x^2+x-t^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+t\right)\left(x-t+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-t\\x=t-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\sqrt{x+9}\\x=\sqrt{x+9}-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
a, ĐKXĐ:\(x\ne-3\)
\(x+1+\dfrac{2}{x+3}=\dfrac{x+5}{x+3}\\ \Leftrightarrow x+1=\dfrac{x+5}{x+3}-\dfrac{2}{x+3}\\ \Leftrightarrow x+1=\dfrac{x+3}{x+3}\\ \Leftrightarrow x+1=1\\ \Leftrightarrow x=0\left(tm\right)\)
b, ĐKXĐ:\(x>2\)
\(\dfrac{x^2-4x-2}{\sqrt{x-2}}=\sqrt{x-2}\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-4x-2=x-2\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-5x=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x\left(x-5\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(ktm\right)\\x=5\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
- Thay từng giá trị vào, ta thấy A. \(\dfrac{15}{4}\) thỏa mãn.
a) \(x+1+\dfrac{2}{x+3}=\dfrac{x+5}{x+3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+\dfrac{x+5}{x+3}=\dfrac{x+5}{x+3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=0\)
b) \(2x+\dfrac{3}{x-1}=\dfrac{3x}{x-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+x+\dfrac{3}{x-1}=\dfrac{3x}{x-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+\dfrac{x\left(x-1\right)+3}{x-1}=\dfrac{3x}{x-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+\dfrac{x^2-x+3}{x-1}=\dfrac{3x}{x-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2-x+3}{x-1}=\dfrac{3x}{x-1}-x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2-x+3}{x-1}=\dfrac{3x-x\left(x-1\right)}{x-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2-x+3}{x-1}=\dfrac{3x-x^2+x}{x-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x+3=3x-x^2+x\) ( điều kiện \(x\ne1\) )
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-5x+3=0\)
\(\Delta=b^2-4ac\)
\(\Delta=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1=\dfrac{-b+\sqrt{\Delta}}{2a}=\dfrac{3}{2}\\x_2=\dfrac{-b-\sqrt{\Delta}}{2a}=1\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
c) \(\dfrac{x^2-4x-2}{\sqrt{x-2}}=\sqrt{x-2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x-2=\sqrt{\left(x-2\right)^2}\) ( điều kiện \(x>2\) )
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x-2=x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-5x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-5\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(loại\right)\\x=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x=5\)
d) \(\dfrac{2x^2-x-3}{\sqrt{2x-3}}=\sqrt{2x-3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-x-3=\sqrt{\left(2x-3\right)^2}\) ( điều kiện \(x>\dfrac{3}{2}\) )
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-x-3=2x-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-3x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(2x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\2x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(loại\right)\\x=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy phương trình vô nghiệm
Lời giải:
a. ĐKXĐ: $x^3-x\neq 0$
$\Leftrightarrow x(x-1)(x+1)\neq 0$
$\Leftrightarrow x\neq 0;\pm 1$
Vậy TXĐ: \(D=\mathbb{R}\setminus \left\{0;\pm 1\right\}\)
b.
ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{\begin{matrix} x\geq 0\\ |x|-1\neq 0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\geq 0\\ x\neq \pm 1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\geq 0\\ x\neq 1\end{matrix}\right.\)
TXĐ:
\([0;+\infty)\setminus \left\{1\right\}\)
c.
ĐKXĐ: \(x^2-1\neq 0\Leftrightarrow x\neq \pm 1\)
TXĐ: \(\mathbb{R}\setminus \left\{\pm 1\right\}\)
b , \(\sqrt{1-4x+4x^2}-3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(1-2x\right)^2}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|1-2x\right|=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}1-2x=3\\1-2x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-2x=2\\-2x=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy nghiệm của phương trình là \(S=\left\{-1,2\right\}\)