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Đặt \(t=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{1-x}\)\(\Rightarrow t^2=1+2\sqrt{x\left(1-x\right)}\)(\(t\ge0\))
\(pt:1+\frac{2}{3}\sqrt{x\left(1-x\right)}=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{1-x}\)(\(0\le x\le1\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{3}\left(1+2\sqrt{x\left(1-x\right)}\right)+\frac{2}{3}=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{1-x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{3}t^2+\frac{2}{3}=t\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t^2+2-3t=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=1\\t=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}1=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{1-x}\\2=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{1-x}\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1:\(1=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{1-x}\Leftrightarrow1=1+\sqrt{x\left(1-x\right)}\)\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH2:\(2=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{1-x}\Leftrightarrow4=1+\sqrt{x\left(1-x\right)}\Leftrightarrow3=\sqrt{x\left(1-x\right)}\)
\(-x^2+x-9=0\)(vô nghiệm)
Vậy pt có nghiệm x = 0 , x = 1 .
Lời giải:
ĐK: $x\geq 0$
Đặt $\sqrt{x+1}=a; \sqrt{x}=b$. ĐK $a,b\geq 0$ thì ta có:
$a-b-ab=a^2-2b^2$
$\Leftrightarrow a-b=a^2+ab-2b^2=(a-b)(a+2b)$
$\Leftrightarrow (a-b)(a+2b-1)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow a=b$ hoặc $a+2b=1$
Nếu $a=b\Rightarrow a^2=b^2\Leftrightarrow x+1=x$ (vô lý)
Nếu $a+2b=1$
$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x+1}-1+2\sqrt{x}=0$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{x}{\sqrt{x+1}+1}+2\sqrt{x}=0$
$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x}(\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x+1}+1}+2)=0$
Dễ thấy biểu thức trong ngoặc lớn hơn $0$ nên \sqrt{x}=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x=0$
Vậy.......
a) \(4\sqrt{x}+\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}}< 2x+\frac{1}{2x}+2\)
hay \(2\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}< x+\frac{1}{4x}+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0< x+\frac{1}{4x}+1-2\sqrt{x}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0< \left(\sqrt{x}\right)^2-2\sqrt{x}-2\sqrt{x}\cdot1+1+\frac{1}{\left(2\sqrt{x}\right)^2}-2\cdot\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1< \left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}-1\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x>0\\\sqrt{x}>1\\2\sqrt{x}>1\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x>1\\x>\frac{1}{4}\end{cases}\Rightarrow}x>1}\)
b) \(\frac{1}{1-x^2}>\frac{3}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}-1\left(1\right)\left(ĐK:-1< x< 1\right)\)
Ta có (1) <=> \(\frac{1}{1-x^2}-1-\frac{3x}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}+2>0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2}{1-x^2}-\frac{3x}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}+2>0\)
Đặt \(t=\frac{x}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}\)ta được
\(t^2-3t+2>0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\frac{x}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}< 1\\\frac{x}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}>2\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\sqrt{1-x^2}>x\left(a\right)\\2\sqrt{1-x^2}< x\left(b\right)\end{cases}}}\)
(a) <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x< 0\\1-x^2>0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge0\\1-x^2>x^2\end{cases}}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-1< x< 0\)hoặc \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge0\\x^2< \frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-1< x< 0\)hoặc \(0\le x\le\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\Leftrightarrow-1< x< \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
(b) \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}1-x^2>0\\x>0\\4\left(1-x^2\right)< x^2\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}0< x< 1\\x^2>\frac{4}{5}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\frac{2}{\sqrt{5}}< x< 1}\)
ĐK: \(x\ge-1\)
PT \(\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x+7=7\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x+1}=a;\sqrt{x^2-x+1}=b\Rightarrow6a^2+b^2=x^2+5x+7\)
PT \(\Leftrightarrow6a^2+b^2=7ab\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(6a-b\right)=0\)
*Với a = b \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2-x+1}=\sqrt{x+1}\Leftrightarrow x^2-x+1=x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-2\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(TM\right)\\x=2\left(TM\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
*Với \(6a=b\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2-x+1}=6\sqrt{x+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x+1=36x+36\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-37x-35=0\) .Dùng delta tính nốt:v
Vậy..... (có 4 nghiệm thỏa mãn)...
