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`d_[B//CH_4]=[\overline{M_B}]/16=2,5`
`=>\overline{M_B}=40`
`=>[n_[N_2 O]]/[n_[O_2]]=|[40-32]/[40-44]|=2`
Vì phần trăm của thể tích mỗi khí trog hỗn hợp `B` bằng phần trăm của số mol mỗi khí trong hỗn hợp `B`
`=>%V_[N_2 O]=2/[2+1] .100~~66,67%`
`=>%V_[O_2]~~100-66,67~~33,33%`
a) Gọi nO2 =a (mol); nO3 = b(mol)
Có: \(\dfrac{32a+48b}{a+b}=20.2=40\)
=> 32a + 48b = 40a + 40b
=> 8a = 8b => a = b
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{O_2}=\dfrac{a}{a+b}.100\%=\dfrac{a}{a+a}.100\%=50\%\\\%V_{O_3}=100\%-50\%=50\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) Gọi nN2 =a (mol); nNO = b(mol)
Có: \(\dfrac{28a+30b}{a+b}=14,75.2=29,5\)
=> 28a + 30b = 29,5a + 29,5b
=> 1,5a = 0,5b
=> 3a = b
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{N_2}=\dfrac{a}{a+b}.100\%=\dfrac{a}{a+3a}.100\%=25\%\\\%V_{NO}=100\%-25\%=75\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
gia su co 1 mol SO2 ,suy ra co 5 mol khong khi tuc la co 1 mol O2 va 4 mol N2
ti khoi cua A la d(A)= ( 1*64+1*32+4*28)/(1+5)=208/6
khi nung hon hop A voi V2O5 xay ra phan ung
2SO2 + O2 ----> 2SO3 (1)
2a ---->a -------->2a
dat so mol oxi phan ung la a suy ra so mol SO2 bang so mol SO3 = 2a
sau phan ung (1) so mol cua hon hop giam di a mol -> so mol cua hon hop B la (6-a) mol, khoi luong cua B = khoi luong cua A = 208 gam -> d(B) = 208/(6-a)
d(A)/d(B) =(6-a)/6 = 0.93 -> a= 0.42 -> so mol SO2 = 2a = 0.84 mol
trong hon hop A do oxi du nen hieu suat phan ung tinh theo SO2
H= 0.84/1 = 0.84 = 84% ->dap an C
\(a.\)
\(GS:\)
\(n_{hh}=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(Đặt:n_{N_2}=a\left(mol\right),n_{CO_2}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=1\left(1\right)\)
\(m_A=28a+44b=18\cdot2=36\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):\)
\(a=b=0.5\)
\(\%m_{N_2}=\dfrac{0.5\cdot28}{0.5\cdot28+0.5\cdot44}\cdot100\%=38.89\%\)
\(\%m_{CO_2}=61.11\%\)
\(b.\)
\(\dfrac{n_{N_2}}{n_{CO_2}}=\dfrac{0.5}{0.5}=\dfrac{1}{1}\)
\(n_{N_2}=n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot n_A=\dfrac{0.2}{2}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(Đặt:n_{CO_2}=x\left(mol\right)\)
\(\overline{M}=\dfrac{0.1\cdot28+0.1\cdot44+44x}{0.2+x}=20\cdot2=40\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x=0.2\)
\(m_{CO_2\left(cầnthêm\right)}=0.2\cdot44=8.8\left(g\right)\)
Giả sử có 1 mol khí Cl2, 2 mol khí O2
a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{1}{1+2}.100\%=33,33\%\\\%V_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{1+2}.100\%=66,67\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{1.71}{1.71+2.32}.100\%=52,59\%\\\%m_{O_2}=\dfrac{2.32}{1.71+2.32}.100\%=47,41\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(\overline{M}=\dfrac{1.71+2.32}{1+2}=45\left(g/mol\right)\)
=> \(d_{A/H_2}=\dfrac{45}{2}=22,5\)
c) \(n_A=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
=> mA = 0,3.45 = 13,5 (g)
Gọi số mol CH4, O2 là a, b (mol)
Có: \(\overline{M}_A=\dfrac{16a+32b}{a+b}=14,4.2=28,8\left(g/mol\right)\)
=> 12,8a = 3,2b
=> a : b = 1 : 4
Giả sử A gồm 1 mol CH4 và 4 mol O2
PTHH: CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{1}{1}< \dfrac{4}{2}\) => CH4 hết, O2 dư
PTHH: CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
1---->2----------->1
=> \(B\left\{{}\begin{matrix}CO_2:1\left(mol\right)\\O_{2\left(dư\right)}=4-2=2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\overline{M}_B=\dfrac{1.44+2.32}{1+2}=36\left(g/mol\right)\)
=> \(d_{B/A}=\dfrac{36}{28,8}=1,25\)
Giả sử các khí được đo ở điều kiện sao cho 1 mol khí chiếm thể tích 1 lít
Gọi số mol CH4, C2H6 là a, b (mol)
=> \(a+b=\dfrac{25}{1}=25\left(mol\right)\) (1)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{95}{1}=95\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
a---->2a---------->a
2C2H6 + 7O2 --to--> 4CO2 + 6H2O
b------>3,5b-------->2b
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=95-2a-3,5b\left(mol\right)\\n_{CO_2}=a+2b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(95-a-1,5b=\dfrac{60}{1}=60\)
=> a + 1,5b = 35 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 5; b = 20
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{5}{25}.100\%=20\%\\\%V_{C_2H_6}=\dfrac{20}{25}.100\%=80\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\overline{M}_A=\dfrac{5.16+20.30}{5+20}=27,2\left(g/mol\right)\)
\(\overline{M}_B=20,5.2=41\left(g/mol\right)\)
=> \(d_{A/B}=\dfrac{27,2}{41}\approx0,663\)
a) Gọi số mol H2, CH4 là a, b
=> \(a+b=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(M_X=\dfrac{2a+16b}{a+b}=0,325.32=10,4\)
=> a = 0,2 ; b = 0,3
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}.100\%=40\%\\\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,5}.100\%=60\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{32}{32}=1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
0,3--->0,6------->0,3
2H2 + O2 --to--> 2H2O
0,2-->0,1
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{CO_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\V_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=\left(1-0,6-0,1\right).22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_Y=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CH_4}=a\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{N_2}=1-a\left(mol\right)\)
\(\overline{M}=\dfrac{16a+28\cdot\left(1-a\right)}{1}=2\cdot12.5=25\left(g\text{/}mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a=0.25\)
\(\%CH_4=\dfrac{0.25}{1}\cdot100\%=25\%\)
\(B\)