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Chúng ta sống trong một thế giới năng động, và môi trường sống luôn luôn trải qua những thay đổi ở tất cả các cấp độ. Tuy nhiên, những thay đổi tự nhiên thường xảy ra ở tốc độ chậm để tác động đến từng loài có xu hướng nhỏ - ít nhất là trong ngắn hạn
Khi tốc độ thay đổi được tăng tốc đáng kể, có thể không có thời gian để các loài cá thể phản ứng với hoàn cảnh mới, và các hiệu ứng có thể là thảm họa. Tóm lại, đây là lý do khiến mất môi trường sống nhanh chóng được coi là nguyên nhân chính gây nguy hiểm cho loài, và không có lực lượng nào mạnh hơn trong vấn đề này so với con người. Ở một mức độ nào đó, mọi phần của trái đất đã bị ảnh hưởng bởi các hoạt động của con người, đặc biệt là trong thế kỷ qua. Điều này áp dụng trên hầu hết mọi quy mô, từ việc mất vi khuẩn trong đất đã từng hỗ trợ rừng nhiệt đới, đến sự tuyệt chủng của cá và các loài thủy sinh khác trong môi trường nước ngọt bị ô nhiễm, thay đổi khí hậu toàn cầu gây ra bởi việc thải khí nhà kính. Từ quan điểm của một đời người, những thay đổi như vậy có thể khó phát hiện và ảnh hưởng của chúng đối với từng loài có thể khó dự đoán. Nhưng bài học là đủ rõ ràng. Ví dụ, mặc dù nhiều quốc gia đã có kế hoạch trồng nhiều khu rừng nhiệt đới, chúng rất dễ bị phá hủy bởi vì các loại đất mà chúng phát triển rất nghèo trong các chất dinh dưỡng sẵn có. Nhiều thế kỷ có thể được yêu cầu mang lại một khu rừng bị cắt giảm hoặc bị đốt cháy trong không gian vài năm. Nhiều loài động vật và thực vật bị đe dọa nghiêm trọng trên thế giới sống trong các khu rừng như vậy, và chắc chắn rằng một số lượng lớn chúng sẽ biến mất nếu tỷ lệ mất rừng hiện tại tiếp tục. Môi trường sống trên thế giới là không thể thay đổi và tồn tại cố định.
P/S:ggdịch is free
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chụy Google dịch đọc méo hiểu gì nên mới lết xác lên đây đấy -.-
The world ocean of are so vast that they can cope with the present levels (pollute)___pollution_______(1)However, little is known about the long term effects of such slow poisoning. The most serious problem of modern time is that man is destroying the earth's (2)___natural______ (nature) resources and trasforming huge areas into wasteland. As a result, it is becoming (extreme)__extremely____(3) difficult to grow enough (4)__to feed_____(feed) the world's rapidly (5)___increasing___( increase) population. A way of protecting all the wildlife on the earth must also be (6)__found_______(find) as many species are in (7) ____danger___(dangerous) of disappearing completely from the face of the earth. The danger, however, are not confine (8)_____solely_____(sole) to the land and the sea. The smoke in the atmosphere, for example, is increasing so mu sunlight has been (9)____reduced_____(reduce) in many cities. Man's whole (eavironmental) ____environment____ (10)is being changed in a serious way
The world’s oceans are so vast that they .can.... cope with the present level of pollution. However, little is known about the long-term effects of .such... slow poisoning. The most serious problem of modern time is .that.... man is destroying the earth’s natural resources and transforming huge areas into.... wasteland. As a result, it is becoming extremely difficult to grow enough ..to... feed the world’s rapidly increasing population. A way of protecting all the wildlife on the earth must also be found.as.... many species are in danger of disappearing completely..from... the surface of the earth. The dangers, ..however..., are not confined solely to the land and the sea.The smoke in the atmosphere, for example, is increasing so...much.. that the amount of sunlight has reduced in many cities. Man’s ..... environment is being changed in a serious way.
Read the following passage and do the tasks below:
Day after day we hear about how anthropogenic development is causing global warming. According to an increasingly vocal minority, however, we should be asking ourselves how much of this is media hype and how much is based on real evidence. It seems, as so often is the case that it depends on which expert you listen to, or which statistics you study.
Yes, it is true that there is a mass of evidence to indicate that the world is getting warmer, with one of the world's leading weather predictors stating that air temperatures have shown an increase of just under half a degree Celsius since the beginning of the twentieth century. And while this may not sound like anything worth losing sleep over, the international press would have us believe that the consequences could be devastating. Other experts, however, are of the opinion that what we are seeing is just part of a natural upward and downward swing that has always been part of the cycle of global weather. An analysis of the views of major meteorologists in the United States showed that less than 20% of them believed that any change in temperature over the last hundred years was our own fault - the rest attributed it to natural cyclical changes.
There is, of course, no denying that we are still at a very early stage in understanding weather. The effects of such variables as rainfall, cloud formation, the seas and oceans gases such as methane and ozone, or even solar energy are still not really understood, and therefore the predictions that we make using them cannot always be relied on. Dr. James Hansen, in 1988, was predicting that the likely effects of global warming would be a rising of world temperature which would have disastrous consequences for mankind: “a strong cause and effect relationship between the current climate and human alteration of the atmosphere ". He has now gone on record as stating that using artificial models of climate as a way of predicting change is all but impossible. In fact, he now believes that, rather than getting hotter, our planet is getting greener as a result of the carbon dioxide increase, with the prospect of increasing vegetation in areas which in recent history have been frozen wastelands.
In fact, there is some evidence to suggest that as our computer-based weather models have become more sophisticated, the predicted rises in temperature have been cut back. In addition, if we look at the much reported rise in global temperature over the last century, a close analysis reveals that the lion's share of that increase, almost three quarters in total, occurred before man began to "poison" his world with industrial processes and the accompanying greenhouse gas emissions in the second half of the twentieth century.
So should we pay any attention to those stories that scream out at us from billboards and television news headlines, claiming that man, with his inexhaustible dependence on oil-based machinery and ever more sophisticated forms of transport is creating a nightmare level of greenhouse gas emissions, poisoning his environment and ripping open the ozone layer? Doubters point to scientific evidence, which can prove that, of all the greenhouse gases, only two percent come from man-made sources, the rest resulting from natural emissions. Who, then, to believe: the environmentalist exhorting us to leave the car at home, to buy re-usable products packaged in recycled paper and to plant trees in our back yard? Or the skeptics, including, of course, a lot of big businesses who have most to lose, when they tell us that we are making a mountain out of a molehill? And my own opinion? The jury's still out as far as I am concerned!
Question 1-6: Choose the appropriate letters (A, B, C or D), based on the information from the passage.
1. The author ........
A believes that man is causing global warming
B believes that global warming is a natural process
C is sure what the causes of global warming are
D does not say what he believes the causes of global warming are
2. As to the cause of global warming, the author believes that ........
A occasionally the facts depend on who you are talking toB the facts always depend on who you are talking to
C often the facts depend on which expert you listen to
D you should not speak to experts
3. More than 80% of the top meteorologists in the United States are of the opinion that .........
A global warming should make us lose sleep
B global warming is not the result of natural cyclical changes, but man-made
C the consequences of global warming will be devastating
D global warming is not man-made, but the result of natural cyclical changes
4. Our understanding of weather ...........
A leads to reliable predictions
B is variable
C cannot be denied
D is not very developed yet
5. Currently, Dr. James Hansen's beliefs include the fact that .......
A it is nearly impossible to predict weather change using artificial models
B the consequences of global warming would be disastrous for mankind
C there is a significant link between the climate now, and man's changing of the atmosphere
D Earth is getting colder
6. Which of these is the best title for this text?
A Global Warming is for real
B Global warming - media hype or genuine threat?
C Weather changes over the last 100 years
D Global Warming - the greatest threat to mankind
0. amusement
1. born 2. in 3. invent 4. telephone 5. spread
6. made 7. the 8. imagined 9. death 10. for
chúc hk tốt nhớ tk mk nha
Word formation:
The days when people would go to a zoo simply for (0. AMUSE) ___amusement____ are long ago. Today, when we place greater (1. IMPORT) __born_____ on the survival of animals in the wild, zoos have duty to inform the public and improve our (2. KNOW) ____in___ of the environment and the problems faced (3. WORLD) __event_____ by large numbers of animals. Today's zoos also play a role in the (4. PROTECT) __telephone_____ of threatened species, breeding animals for release in the wild. Many zoos also fund (5. SCIENCE) __spread_____ research into animals and their behavior. The way animals are treated in zoos has changed, too. Many intelligent animals suffer from (6. BORE) ___made____ in captivity and their keepers now try to improve the (7. PSYCHOLOGY) ___the____ state of the animals in their care. They do this by, for example, providing the animals with a (8. VARY) __imagined_____ of different food or by changing the animals' (9. DAY) _____death__ routine. Although some cris of zoos remain (10. CONVINCE) ____for___ , there can be no doubt that animals in zoos today enjoy a more comfortable existence than in the past.
Complete each space with the correct form of one of the verbs given in the list. Remember that there are more verbs than needed. Number 0 is an example. Write your answers in the spaces below (1.0pt)
|
appear, be, believe, live, allow, remember, have, attract, drive, begin, know, prefer, stay |
Although some groups of people (0) have always lived outdoors in tents, camping as we (1) know it today (2)began to be popular about 50 years ago. The increase in the use of cars and improvements in camping equipment (3) have allowed more people to travel longer distances into the countryside and (4) to stay there in greater comfort.
Many campers like (5) to be themselves in quiet areas, so they take their tent and food and walk or cycle into the forests or the mountains. Others, (6) prefering to be near people, (7) drive to a public or privately-owned campsite which (8) has up-to-date facilities, like hot shower and swimming pools.
Whether campers are separate in the mountain or on a busy site, they should (9) remember to keep the area clean and tidy. In the forests, they must put out any fires and keep food hidden to avoid (10) attracting animals.
Read the passage below and use the correct form of the words given.(10 marks)
One of the major(1. ENVIRONMENT) environmental concerns in today's world is growing list of (2.DANGER) endangered plants, animals and birds. The (3.BIG)biggest threat of all wildlife is, of course, man, who must take action now to prevent the (4.APPEAR) disappearance of these species. Whales, tigers and elephants all(5.REQUIRING) require greater protection as hunters threaten to drive them to extinction,(6.SIMILAR)Similarly, more effective measures are suggeted to stop (7. GLOBE) global warming, which has led to the (8.LOSE) loss of important natural habitats. Fish too, are increasingly at risk frpm high lever of the river and sea(9. POLLUTE) pollution , cause by oil spill and toxic effluent. Stricter government controls will help in the fight to save our wildlife and a greater public(10.AWARE) awareness of the issuses should be involved