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a, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{8,4}{56}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,15}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{2}\), ta được HCl dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,15\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)=3360\left(ml\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=2n_{Fe}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,4-0,3=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{FeCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,2}=0,75\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{HCl\left(dư\right)}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, Ta có: \(m_{ddHCl}=1,25.200=250\left(g\right)\)
⇒ m dd sau pư = 8,4 + 250 - 0,15.2 = 258,1 (g)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,15.127}{258,1}.100\%\approx7,38\%\\C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,1.36,5}{258.1}.100\%\approx1,41\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
a, \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
b, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,2}=2\left(M\right)\)
c, PT: \(HCl+KOH\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{KOH}=n_{HCl}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{0,4.56}{5,6\%}=400\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{400}{1,045}\approx382,78\left(ml\right)\)
nH2SO4 = 0,02a (mol)
=> nH2SO4 (p/ứ) = \(\frac{1}{125}a\)(mol)
nHCl = 0,08b (mol)
=> nHCl =0,032b (mol)
nNaOH = 0,4 (mol)
PTHH:
NaOH + HCl -> NaCl + H2O
=> nNaCl = nNaOH = n HCl = x(mol) (1)
2NaOH + H2SO4 -> Na2SO4 + 2 H2O
=> nNa2SO4 = nH2SO4 = 0,5 n NaOH = 0,5y (mol) (2)
Từ (1) và (2)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,4\\58,5x+142\cdot0,5\cdot y=26,1\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,184\left(mol\right)\\y=0,216\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Lại có: 0,08b= x => b = 2,3M
\(\frac{1}{125}a=0,5y\) => a=13,5M
cái này anh ko chắc cho lắm do thấy số hơi to
\(CM_{HCl\left(sau\right)}=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,1.2+0,2.2}{0,1+0,2}=2M\)
nNaOH=0,2.1=0,2mol
nHcl=0,3.0,8=0,24mol
NaOH+HCl->NaCl+H2O
nbđ: 0,2........0,24
npứ:0,2..........0,2......0,2
ndư: 0............0,04
trong dd sau pư có chất tan là : NaCl và HCldư
Vdd thu được= 200+300=500ml=0,5l
CMNaCl=0,2/0,5=0,4M
CMHCl=0,04/0,5=0,08M
NaOH + HCl \(\rightarrow\)NaCl + H2O
nNaOH=0,2.1=0,2(mol)
nHCl=0,3.0,8=0,24(mol)
Vì 0,2<0,24 nên HCl dư 0,04 mol
Theo PTHH ta có:
nNaOH=nNaCl=0,2(mol)
CM dd HCl=\(\dfrac{0,04}{0,2+0,3}=0,08M\)
CM dd NaCl=\(\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4M\)
\(n_{HCl.5M}=0,05\times5=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{ddHCl.30\%}=200\times1,33=266\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl.30\%}=266\times30\%=79,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl.30\%}=\frac{79,8}{36,5}=\frac{798}{365}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{HCl}mới=0,25+\frac{798}{365}=\frac{3557}{1460}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Sigma V_{ddHCl}mới=50+200=250\left(ml\right)=0,25\left(l\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}mới=\frac{3557}{1460}\div0,25=9,75\left(M\right)\)