Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 43.
It is commonly believed in the United States that school is where people go to get an education. Nevertheless, it has been said that today children interrupt their education to go to school. The distinction between schooling and education implied by this remark is important.
Education is much more open-ended and all-inclusive than schooling. Education knows no bounds. It can take place anywhere, whether in the shower or on the job, whether in a kitchen or on a tractor. It includes both the formal learning that takes place in schools and the whole universe of informal learning. The agents of education can range from a revered grandparent to the people debating politics on the radio, from a child to a distinguished scientist. Whereas schooling has a certain predictability, education quite often produces surprises. A chance conversation with a stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions. People are engaged in education from infancy on. Education, then, is a very broad, inclusive term. It is a lifelong process, a process that starts long before the start of school, and one that should be an integral part of one's entire life.
Schooling, on the other hand, is a specific, formalized process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at school at approximately the same time, take assigned seats, are taught by an adult, use similar textbooks, do homework, take exams, and so on. The slices of reality that are to be learned, whether they are the alphabet or an understanding of the workings of government, have usually been limited by the boundaries of the subject being taught. For example, high school students know that they are not likely to find out in their classes the truth about political problems in their communities or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with. There are definite conditions surrounding the formalized process of schooling.
The word “integral” in line 15 is closest in meaning to
A. equitable
B. profitable
C. pleasant
D. essential
Đáp án D
Giải thích: Integral (adj) = liên đới, gắn bó mật thiết
Essential (adj) = quan trọng, cần thiết
Dịch nghĩa: It is a lifelong process, a process that starts long before the start of school, and one that should be an integral part of one's entire life = Nó là một quá trình suốt đời, một quá trình bắt đầu từ lâu trước khi bắt đầu đi học, và nó nên là một phần không thể thiếu trong toàn bộ cuộc sống của một người.
Như vậy phương án D. essential là phương án có nghĩa sát nhất.
A. equitable (adj) = công bằng
B. profitable (adj) = mang lại lợi nhuận, có thể sinh lời
C. pleasant (adj) = thoải mái, dễ chịu