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a, Magnesium + Sulfuric acid → Magnesium sulfate + Hydrogen
b, BTKL: mMg + mH2SO4 = mMgSO4 + mH2
c, Từ b, có: mH2SO4 = mMgSO4 + mH2 - mMg = 27,2 + 0,4 - 13 = 14,6 (g)
\(PTHH:2Al+3H_2SO_4->Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
áp dụng định luật bảo toàn khối lượng ta có
\(m_{Al}+m_{H_2SO_4}=m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}+m_{H_2}\\ =>5,4+29,4=34,2+m_{H_2}\\ =>m_{H_2}=0,6\left(g\right)\)
\(a/2Al+3H_2SO_4\xrightarrow[]{}Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(b/30ml=0,03l\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,5.0,03=0,0015\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Al}=\dfrac{0,0015.2}{3}=0,001\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al}=0,001.27=0,027\left(g\right)\\ n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,0015}{2}=0,00075\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,00075.342=0,2565\left(g\right)\)
\(c/n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,0015.3}{3}=0,0015\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2}=0,0015.24,79=0,037185\left(l\right)\)
\(a.2Al+3H_2SO_4->Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ b.n_{Al}=1,5.0,5.0,03=0,0375mol\\ m_{Al}=0,0375.27=1,0125g\\ m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342\cdot\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot0,03\cdot0,5=1,71g\\V_{H_2}=24,79.0,5.0,03=0,37185L\)
a) 2Na + H2SO4 --> Na2SO4 + H2
b) \(n_{Na}=\dfrac{4,6}{23}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Na + H2SO4 --> Na2SO4 + H2
_____0,2------>0,1-------------------->0,1
=> VH2 = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 (l)
c) mH2SO4 = 0,1.98 = 9,8(g)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ 0,2........0,3...........0,1...........0,3\left(mol\right)\\ a.C_{MddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,3}=1\left(M\right)\\ b.m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342.0,1=34,2\left(g\right)\\ c.V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,3}=1M\)
b) \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=n.M=0,1.342=34,2\left(g\right)\)
c) \(n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{14}{56}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
0,25 0,25 0,25
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{FeSO_4}=152.0,25=38\left(g\right)\)
\(pthh:CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}H_2O+Cu\)
0,25 0,25 0,25
=> \(m_{Cu}=0,25.64=16\left(g\right)\)
nFe = 14/56 =0,25 mol
PTHH : Fe + H2SO4 => FeSO4 + H2 (1)
Theo pt(1) : nH2 = nFe = 0,25 mol
VO2 = 0,25 x 22,4 = 5,6 l
Theo pt(1): nFeSO4 = nFe = 0,25 mol
mFeSO4= 0,25 x 152 = 38 g
PTHH : H2 + CuO => Cu + H2O(2)
theo pt (2) => nH2 = nCu = 0,25 mol
mCu = 0,25 x 64 = 16 g
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\\ n_{MgSO_4}=n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ a,m_{MgSO_4}=120.0,2=24\left(g\right)\\ b,V_{H_2\left(đkc\right)}=24,79.0,2=4,958\left(l\right)\\ c,Oxide:A_2O_x\left(x:hoá.trị.A\right)\\ A_2O_x+xH_2SO_4\rightarrow A_2\left(SO_4\right)_x+xH_2O\\ n_{Oxide}=\dfrac{\dfrac{3}{4}.0,2.1}{x}=\dfrac{0,15}{x}\left(mol\right)\\ M_{A_2O_x}=\dfrac{8}{\dfrac{0,15}{x}}=\dfrac{160}{3}x\)
Xét x=1;x=2;x=3;x=8/3 thấy x=3 (TM) khi đó KLR oxide là 160g/mol
\(M_{M_2O_3}=2M_M+3.16=160\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ \Rightarrow M_M=\dfrac{160-48}{2}=56\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)
Nên: M là sắt (Fe=56)
Oxide CTHH: Fe2O3
Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{MgSO_4}=n_{H_2}=m_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
a, \(m_{MgSO_4}=0,2.120=24\left(g\right)\)
b, \(V_{H_2}=0,2.24,79=4,958\left(l\right)\)
c, Bạn bổ sung đề phần này nhé.
\(a,2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ b,Theo.\text{Đ}LBTKL:\\ m_{Al}+m_{H_2SO_4}=m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}+m_{H_2}\\ \Leftrightarrow5,4+29,4=m+0,6\\ \Leftrightarrow m=\left(5,4+29,4\right)-0,6=34,2\left(g\right)\)