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Van Mieu constructed in 1070 during Ly Thanh Tong 's dynasty. Its original purpose was to honor Confucius. In 1076, the first university of Vietnam called Quoc Tu Giam, was established within this temple by Emperor Ly Nhan Tong. That's the reason why the complex has the name of Van Mieu - Quoc Tu Giam up to now. Initally, Quoc Tu Giam was the school for princes and chirlden of royal families and then expended in the following year to admit top students from around the country
Nowadays, Van Mieu – Quoc Tu Giam is one of the most famous tourist destinations for both Vietnamese people and foreigners. It's also a place to celebrate doctorates and high ranking scholars of Vietnam. One special thing about this place is that there are 82 Doctors' stone tablets. They are tombstones with names and origins of 1304 doctors placed on the backs of stone tortoises. If you come here at the beginning of the year or in May, when many important examinations take place, you will catch sights of numerous families and students who come and pray for luck.
Van Mieu – Quoc Tu Giam opens daily from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. and the entrance fee for each adult is 30,000 VND
mk tự viết có j góp ý nha
Emperor LyThanh Tong founded the Temple of literature in 1070. Now it is considered as one of the historic and cultural sites of VietNam. And then in 1076 Emperor Ly Nhan To-ng built the imperial academy as the first university in Vietnam.
Ok,..
I come from Vietnam. It's a small city, but it has many beautiful places. Here, the biggest city is Ho Chi Minh Ciy. It's large and very wonderful.
And the oldest university is Quoc Tu Giam university. It's near Van Mieu Quoc Tu Giam. In Vietnam, The most popular Vietnamese writer is Nguyen Du. He is very well. The most popular food is noodles:" Pho" with tea or coffee is the most popular drink. The most commom activity here is play sports. I love Vietnam a lot. I very very admire and love Vietnam- It's my hometown.
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I come from Vietnam. Do you know Vietnam? It's the country with a shape in Asia. There are many big cities in my country but Ho Chi Minh city is the biggest. Have you visited Quoc Tu Giam? That's the oldest university in my country and it's located in Hanoi - the capital of Vietnam. In term of culture, Nguyen Du and Ho Chi Minh are the most famous writers. Our country also has many types of food and drink. Noodle, spring roll and bread are the most popular food while tea, coffee and fruit juice are the most common drinks. We like watching TV and surfing Internet very much. Ah, we like playing football, too. Football is more popular than any other sports in our country.
Wish you good study 
Education is very important in modern world for both males and females and every boy and girl need to get a quality education. In some nations, younger and teenagers get education in separate schools while other countries prefer co-education. In this essay we will discuss advantages and disadvantages of separate and co-education of both genders.
First of all, in teenagers there were many problems which the elders need to control and have proper check on them. Education plays a great role in the mind and character building of both male and females. Those nations, which provide separate education for boys and girls, have the opportunity to maintain disciplines in both boys and girls, and most of the time they will give a better result to the society.
Secondly, separate education gives opportunity to those students especially girls in many countries, who didn’t want to study in co-education, and they get their required education from those schools in which separate educations are available.
However, there are still some drawbacks of separate educations as well. For example, in co-education both boys and girls earn a lot of confidence, enable them to deal with opposite genders, and they face no problems in their professional life.
All in all, separate education has some advantages on boys and girls and on the society as well but still it has some disadvantages and some countries provide to co-education to facilitate their generation with modern awareness.
I think the advantage of this is that it will help the students to be gender neutral and will help the communication between students become better. The downside of this is that the students will not learn evenly and lead to There are fewer outstanding students and more exceptional students.
1. Clean and decorate the home. (Làm sạch và trang trí ngôi nhà.)
Homes are often cleaned and decorated before New Year's Eve. Children are in charge of sweeping and scrubbing the floor. The kitchen needs to be cleaned before the 23rd night of the last month. Usually, the head of the household cleans the dust and ashes (from incense) from the ancestral altars. It is a common belief that cleaning the house will get rid of the bad fortunes associated with the old year. Some people would paint their house and decorate with festive items.
Căn nhà thường được dọn dẹp và trang trí trước khi đêm giao thừa. Trẻ em được phụ trách việc quét và lau chùi kỹ phần sàn nhà. Nhà bếp cần được lau chùi trước đêm 23 tháng Chạp. Thông thường, chủ hộ gia đình làm sạch bụi và tàn nhang (từ hương trầm) trên bàn thờ tổ tiên. Đó là một tín ngưỡng chung rằng ngôi nhà sạch sẽ xua đi các vận xấu trong năm cũ. Một số người sơn lại căn nhà và trang trí các vật dung cho lễ hội.
2. Literally means "getting new clothes" (Nghĩa đen là "mặc quần áo mới")
This is often the most exciting part of the Vietnamese New Year among children. Parents usually purchase new clothes and shoes for their children a month prior to the New Year. However, children cannot wear their new clothes until the first day of the New Year and onward. The best outfit is always worn on the first day of the year.
Đây thường là phần thú vị nhất trong năm mới đối với trẻ con. Phụ huynh thường mua quần áo và giày dép mới cho con cái họ một tháng trước ngày năm mới. Tuy nhiên, bọn trẻ không thể mặc quần áo mới của chúng cho đến ngày đầu tiên của năm mới trở đi. Bộ đẹp nhất luôn luôn được mặc vào ngày đầu tiên của năm.
3. Farewell ceremony for the Kitchen Gods (Ong Tao) (Cúng tiễn các vị thần bếp về trời (Ông Táo))
Seven days (the 23rd night of the last lunar month) prior to Tet, each Vietnamese family offers a farewell ceremony for Ong Tao to go up to Heaven Palace. His task is to make an annual report to the Jade Emperor of the family's affairs throughout the year.
Bảy ngày (đêm 23 tháng Chạp âm lịch) trước Tết, mỗi gia đình Việt Nam làm một lễ cúng tiễn Ông Táo về trời để đi đến Thiên đình. Nhiệm vụ của ông là làm một báo cáo hàng năm cho Ngọc Hoàng về các vấn đề của gia đình trong suốt cả năm.
4. Lunar New Year's Eve (Đêm giao thừa)
However, in a literal translation, it means "Passage from the Old to the New Year". It is a common belief among Vietnamese people that there are 12 Sacred Animals from the Zodiac taking turn monitoring and controlling the affairs of the earth. Thus, Giao Thua (New Year's Eve)is the moment of seeing the old chief (Dragon for 2000) end his ruling term and pass his power to the new chief (Snake for 2001). Giao Thua is also the time for Ong Tao (Kitchen God) to return to earth after making the report to the Jade Emperor. Every single family should offer an open-air ceremony to welcome him back to their kitchen.
Tuy nhiên, trong một bản dịch, nó có nghĩa là "Năm cũ qua năm mới đến". Đó là một tín ngưỡng chung của người Việt Nam rằng có 12 con vật linh thiêng từ Hoàng Đạo theo dõi và kiểm soát công việc của trái đất. Vì vậy, Giao Thừa (Đêm trước năm mới) là thời điểm nhìn thấy những linh vật cũ (Canh Thìn năm 2000) cầm quyền kết thúc nhiệm kỳ và chuyển giao sức mạnh của mình qua các linh vật mới (Tân Tỵ vào năm 2001). Giao Thừa cũng là thời gian cho Ông Táo (Táo quân) để trở về trái đất sau khi thực hiện báo cáo với Ngọc Hoàng. Mỗi gia đình cần cúng một lễ để đón Táo Quân trở về nhà bếp của họ.
5. The Aura of the Earth (Người xông đất)
Giao Thua is the most sacred time of the year. Therefore, the first houseguest to offer the first greeting is very important. If that particular guest has a good aura (well respected, well educated, successful, famous, etc.), then the family believes that they will receive luck and good fortune throughout the year. The belief of Xong Dat still remains nowadays, especially among families with businesses.
Giao Thừa là thời gian thiêng liêng nhất của năm. Vì vậy, vị khách đến nhà đầu tiên là rất quan trọng. Nếu đó là người khách đặc biệt có ảnh hưởng tốt (được tôn trọng, có học vị, thành công, nổi tiếng,...), gia đình đó tin rằng họ sẽ có được được may mắn và vận mệnh tốt trong suốt cả năm. Tín ngưỡng Xông Đất vẫn còn tồn tại đến ngày nay, đặc biệt là các gia đình có làm ăn kinh doanh.
6. Apricot flowers and peach flowers (Hoa mai và hoa đào)
Flower buds and blossoms are the symbols for new beginning. These two distinctive flowers are widely sold and purchased during Tet. Hoa Mai are the yellow apricot flowers often seen in Southern Viet Nam. Hoa Mai are more adaptable to the hot weather of southern regions, thus, it is known as the primary flower in every home. Hoa Dao are the warm pink of the peach blossoms that match well with the dry, cold weather from the North. Tet is not Tet if there is no sight of Hoa Mai (south) or Hoa Dao (north) in every home.
Chồi hoa và hoa là những biểu tượng cho sự khởi đầu mới. Hai loại hoa đặc biệt được bán rộng rãi và mua trong thời gian Tết. Hoa Mai vàng thường được thấy ở miền Nam Việt Nam. Hoa Mai thích nghi nhiều hơn với thời tiết nóng của khu vực phía Nam, do đó, nó được coi là loài hoa chính của mọi nhà. Hoa Đào màu hồng phù hợp với thời tiết khô lạnh ở phía Bắc. Tết sẽ không là Tết nếu không có sự xuất hiện của Hoa Mai (phía nam) hoặc Hoa Đào (phía bắc) trong mỗi nhà.
7. Giving away red envelopes (filled with lucky money) (Phát phong bao màu đỏ (với tiền mừng tuổi))
This is a cultural practice that has been maintained for generations. The red envelopes symbolize luck and wealth. It is very common to see older people giving away sealed red envelopes to younger people. Reciprocally, the older ones would return good advice and words of wisdom, encouraging the younger ones to keep up with the schoolwork, live harmoniously with others, and obey their parents.
This greeting ritual and Li Xi is also known as Mung Tuoi, honoring the achievement of another year to one's life.
Đây là một nét văn hóa đã được duy trì qua nhiều thế hệ. Các phong bao màu đỏ tượng trưng cho sự may mắn và giàu có. Việc người lớn tuổi cho mừng tuổi đỏ cho những người trẻ hơn rất phổ biến. Bên cạnh đó, những người lớn tuổi sẽ đưa ra những lời khuyên răng và chỉ bảo, khuyến khích những người trẻ hơn theo đuổi việc học, sống vui vẻ với những người khác và vâng lời cha mẹ.
Phần chúc mừng năm mới và Lì Xì còn được gọi là Mừng Tuổi, ăn mừng những thành tựu một năm qua của một người.
8. Making offers for the Ancestors (Thực hiện cúng tổ tiên)
This ceremony is held on the first day of the New Year before noontime. The head of the household should perform the proper ritual (offering food, wine, cakes, fruits, and burn incense) to invite the souls of the ancestors to join the celebration with the family. This is the time families honor the souls of their ancestors and present the welfare of the family.
Lễ này được tổ chức vào ngày đầu tiên của năm mới trước buổi chiều. Chủ hộ gia đình cần thực hiện đúng các nghi thức (cúng thức ăn, rượu, bánh, hoa quả và thắp hương) để mời linh hồn của tổ tiên tham gia buổi lễ cùng với gia đình. Đây là thời gian các gia đình tưởng nhớ những linh hồn của tổ tiên họ và thể hiện sự thịnh vượng của gia đình.
Vietnamese New Year Foods (Thức ăn trong ngày Tết của người Việt Nam)
One of the most traditional special foods for New Years (Tet) of Vietnamese is Banh Chung or sticky rice cake. Banh Chung is made of sticky rice, pork meat and green bean, every ingredient is wrapper inside a special leaf which calls Dong. Making the Banh Chung requires care and precision in every step. The rice and green bean has to be soaked in water for a day to make it stickier. The pork meat is usually soaked with pepper for several hours. Squaring off and tying the cakes with bamboo strings require skillful hands to make it a perfect square.
Một trong những thức ăn truyền thống đặc biệt cho năm mới (Tết) của người Việt Nam là Bánh Chưng hoặc bánh Dày. Bánh Chưng được làm bằng gạo nếp, thịt heo và đậu xanh, mỗi thành phần được gói bên trong một loại lá đặc biệt được gọi lá Dong. Làm Bánh Chưng đòi hỏi phải có sự chú ý và độ chính xác trong từng bước. Gạo và đậu xanh phải được ngâm trong nước trước một ngày để làm cho nó dẻo. Thịt lợn thường được trộn với hạt tiêu khoảng vài giờ. Việc gói bánh và buộc bằng dây tre đòi hỏi bàn tay khéo léo để nó thành một hình vuông hoàn hảo.
Banh Chung is a must among other foods to be placed on the ancestors' altars during Tet holiday. In the old time, one or two days before Tet, every family prepares and cooks the Banh Chung around the warm fire. It is also the time for parents to tell their children folklore stories. Nowadays, families which live in villages still maitain making Banh Chung before New Years but the people in the city does not. They don't have time and prefer to go to the shop to buy it.
Bánh Chưng là một trong số các loại thực phẩm phải được đặt trên bàn thờ của tổ tiên trong ngày Tết. Trong một hoặc hai ngày trước Tết, mỗi gia đình chuẩn bị và nấu Bánh Chưng quanh bếp lửa. Đây cũng là thời gian cho cha mẹ kể những câu chuyện dân gian cho con cái họ. Ngày nay, các gia đình sống trong làng vẫn còn duy trì việc làm Bánh Chưng trước năm mới nhưng những người dân thành phố thì không. Họ không có thời gian và thích đi đến cửa hàng để mua nó hơn.
our country has a lot of customs and traditions .and new year celebrations occupy most of the customs . at first the peaple cleaned the house and wiped incense on the altar of ancestors .The second custom is that before the Lunar New Year, every Vietnamese family bids farewell to the gods in the kitchen.Third, families often make chung and day cake on the altar to show gratitude.In addition, they also buy apricot blossom and peach blossom to welcome the new year and lucky money red for the children.I am very proud of Vietnamese customs and traditions and hope it will continue to develop
Vietnam is a tropical country rich in beauty and hospitality. Vietnam has a tropical monsoon climate and it has given Vietnam resource rich biological diversity. Vietnam is a center of endemism in the world with 87 parks and nature conservation, including prominent representatives of 11 National Park for most types of landscapes and ecosystems.
The establishment of the National Park not only maintained its determination to protect the biodiversity of Vietnam, but also creating eco-tourist destination attracting visitors that any love nature and want to period of time living there, but sociable, close to beautiful nature.
Coming to the National Park, you not only look at the vast landscape that has been spectacular moments interesting and useful to understanding animal population is very diverse and rich with many kinds of precious rare and unique.
Vietnam National Park are always waiting to discover the footsteps of visitors.
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Nowadays, large cities are becoming more and more inhabited. The majority of the population prefer living in a big town mainly because of the great advantages it has compared to living in the countryside. However, what are the benefits of this situation, and what are the drawbacks? In this essay, I will explore the pros and cons of living in a large city and try to draw some conclusions.
Let’s start looking at the advantages. One of the main positives of a big town is the large amount of shops available in every corner of the city. What I mean by this is that whenever you live, there are some useful stores like supermarkets, banks, tobacconists and clothing stores where you can easily buy everything you need without going to the city center. Secondly, living in a big town is a big challenge for evening parties. In London, for example, there are so many things to do in the evenings like going to the cinema, to the pub or to the park during the summer period.
Turning to the other side of the argument, traffic could be one of the major disadvantages of living in a big city. Many people take the car everyday and it has also been proved that the majority of the families have at least two cars. This means that you have to deal with rush-hour traffic on your way to work and on your way back. In addition, in a big town there is consequently a lot of smog and this can really affect people’s health.
To sum up, living in a big city has great advantages but also some significant negatives.You have to weigh up to the pros of enjoying evenings’ nights outside and the availability of many shops and the cons of cope with smog and traffic issues. Personally, I believe that the benefits of enjoying the city-life and the comfort of having shops at every corner, eventually overweigh the negatives.
Over the last century, there have been many significant changes in the way we live. Obviously, it is hard to compare the life of the ancient people and the life of the people of the twenty first century because so many changes have occured. However, even the changes that have taken place over the last ten years are amazing.To start with, people were not able to travel such long distances in such short period of time. The planes were not that popular then because they used to be a very expensive means of transport. Nowadays, we have become very mobile. We have fast and comfortable cars and more and more people also travels by plane. Moreover, in the past people had to work much harder as they did not have tools which made their work easier. Today, most of the difficult and dangerous work is done by computers and other machines. In the past the conditions of living were not as comfortable as they are now. There were not bathrooms and running water in many houses, besides many people could not afford household appliances fridge, TV set or vacuum cleaner because they used to be luxurious goods. Another difference between living now and in the past is the fact that nowadays the access to education is much easier. In the past, there were fewer schools and the quality of the education they provided was much poorer. Besides, nowadays it is much easier to find the educational materials that you need thanks to the Internet. Another difference is that in the past there were not that many sources of entertainment. Therefore people used to spend more time with their friends.All things considering, it is an obvious conclusion that life has changed significantly in the last couple of years. It is definitely much easier now however, it is not easy to decide whether it is also better. The scientific achievements and technological progress are amazing. We still create new inventions which simplify our lives. On the other hand, however, life now is much faster and more busy than it used to be in the past. Moreover, it has also become more dangerous. The standard of living has definitely improved but it can be discussed whether the quality of our lives is also better.
