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\(n_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{6.72}{22.4}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{11.2}{22.4}=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_2H_2+\dfrac{5}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}2CO_2+H_2O\)
\(Bđ:0.3.......0.5\)
\(Pư:0.2........0.5.........0.4.........0.2\)
\(Kt:0.1..........0..........0.4...........0.2\)
\(V_{CO_2}=0.4\cdot22.4=8.96\left(l\right)\)
\(V_{C_2H_2\left(dư\right)}=0.1\cdot22.4=2.24\left(l\right)\)
a, Theo giả thiết ta có: \(n_P=\dfrac{3,1}{31}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(4P+5O_2--t^o->2P_2O_5\)
Ta có: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{5}{4}.n_P=0,125\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,125.22,4=2,8\left(l\right)\)
b, Theo giả thiết ta có: \(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(CH_4+2O_2--t^o->CO_2+2H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{O_2}=2.n_{CH_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=2,24\left(l\right)\)
\(a,m_C=48\left(g\right)\rightarrow n_C=\dfrac{m_C}{M_C}=\dfrac{48}{12}=4\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{O_2}=44,8\left(l\right)\rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{V_{O_2}}{22,4}=\dfrac{44,8}{22,4}=2\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2\)
\(pt:\) \(1mol\) \(1mol\)
\(đb:\) \(4mol\) \(2mol\)
Xét tỉ lệ:
\(\dfrac{n_{C\left(đb\right)}}{n_{C\left(pt\right)}}=\dfrac{4}{1}=4>\dfrac{n_{O_2\left(đb\right)}}{n_{O_2\left(pt\right)}}=\dfrac{2}{1}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(O_2\) hết, \(C\) dư.
\(b,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2\)
\(pt:\) \(1mol\) \(1mol\)
\(đb:\) \(2mol\) \(2mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=n_{CO_2}.M_{CO_2}=2.\left(1.C+2.O\right)=2.\left(1.12+2.16\right)=88\left(g\right)\)
\(a.n_C=\dfrac{48}{12}=4\left(mol\right);n_{O_2}=\dfrac{44,8}{22,4}=2\left(mol\right)\\ C+O_2\xrightarrow[t^0]{}CO_2\)
Theo pt:\(\dfrac{4}{1}>\dfrac{2}{1}\Rightarrow C\) dư, O2 pư hết
\(b.C+O_2\xrightarrow[t^0]{}CO_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=n_{O_2}=2mol\\ m_{CO_2}=2.44=88\left(g\right)\)
a) \(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
0,4---------------->0,4
=> \(V_{CO_2}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\)
b) \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ \(\dfrac{0,4}{1}>\dfrac{0,4}{2}\) => CH4 dư, O2 hết
PTHH: CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
0,4-------->0,2
=> \(V_{CO_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
Bài 1:
\(a,2Cu+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CuO\)
b, \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{32}=0,035mol\)
\(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{6,4}{64}=0,1mol\)
\(\dfrac{0,1}{2}>\dfrac{0,035}{1}\) => Cu dư, O2 đủ
\(n_{Cu}\left(dư\right)=0,1-0,07=0,039\left(mol\right)\)
c, \(m_{CuO}=0,07.80=5,6g\)
Bài 2:
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{13,5}{27}=0,5mol\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,67}{32}=0,21\left(mol\right)\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
\(\dfrac{0,5}{4}>\dfrac{0,21}{3}\) => Al dư, O2 đủ
\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,21=0,14\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Al_2O_3}=0,14.102=14,28g\)
nP= 7,44/31=0,24(mol)
nO2=6,16/22,4=0,275(mol)
PTHH:4 P + 5 O2 -to->2 P2O5
Ta có: 0,24/4 > 0,275/5
=> O2 hết, P dư, tính theo nO2
nP(p.ứ)= 0,275 x 4/5= 0,22(mol)
=>nP(dư)=0,24-0,22=0,02(mol)
=>mP(dư)=0,02.31= 0,62(g)
nP2O5= 2/5 x 0,275= 0,11(mol)
=> mP2O5= 142 x 0,11= 15,62(g)
\(n_P=\dfrac{7,44}{31}=0,24\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,16}{22,4}=0,275\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : \(4P+5O_2\rightarrow2P_2O_5\)
Ban đầu : 0,24 0,275 (mol)
Phản ứng : 0,22 0,275 0,11 (mol)
Sau phản ứng : 0,02 0 0,11 (mol)
\(m_P=0,02.31=0,62\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{P_2O_5}=0,11.142=15,62\left(g\right)\)
\(a)\\ n_{O_2} = \dfrac{6,72}{22,4} = 0,3(mol)\\ 4P + 5O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2P_2O_5\\ \dfrac{n_P}{4} = 0,05 < \dfrac{n_{O_2}}{5} = 0,06\)
Do đó, Oxi dư.
\(n_{O_2\ pư} = \dfrac{5}{4}n_P = 0,25(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{O_2\ dư} = (0,3 - 0,25).32 = 1,6(gam)\\ b)\\ n_{P_2O_5} = \dfrac{n_P}{2} = 0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{P_2O_5} = 0,1.142 = 14,2(gam)\)
$n_{C_2H_2} = \dfrac{6,72}{22,4} = 0,3(mol) ; n_{O_2} = 0,5(mol)$
$2C_2H_2 + 5O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 4CO_2 + 2H_2O$
Ta thấy :
$n_{C_2H_2} : 2 > n_{O_2} : 5$ nên $C_2H_2$ dư
Theo PTHH :
$n_{C_2H_2\ pư} = \dfrac{5}{2} = 0,2(mol)$
$n_{CO_2} = 0,4(mol) ; n_{H_2O} = 0,2(mol)$
Suy ra :
$m_{C_2H_2\ dư} = (0,3 - 0,2).26 = 2,6(gam)$
$m_{CO_2} = 0,4.44 = 17,6(gam)$
$m_{H_2O} = 0,2.18 = 3,6(gam)$
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