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Bài 1: diendantoanhoc.net
Đặt \(a=\frac{1}{x};b=\frac{1}{y};c=\frac{1}{z}\) BĐT cần chứng minh trở thành
\(\frac{x}{\sqrt{3zx+2yz}}+\frac{x}{\sqrt{3xy+2xz}}+\frac{x}{\sqrt{3yz+2xy}}\ge\frac{3}{\sqrt{5}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{\sqrt{5z}\cdot\sqrt{3x+2y}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{5x}\cdot\sqrt{3y+2z}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{5y}\cdot\sqrt{3z+2x}}\ge\frac{3}{5}\)
Theo BĐT AM-GM và Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\( {\displaystyle \displaystyle \sum }\)\(_{cyc}\frac{x}{\sqrt{5z}\cdot\sqrt{3x+2y}}\ge2\)\( {\displaystyle \displaystyle \sum }\)\(\frac{x}{3x+2y+5z}\ge\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x\left(3x+2y+5z\right)+y\left(5x+3y+2z\right)+z\left(2x+5y+3z\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+7\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+\frac{1}{3}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)+\frac{20}{3}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)
\(\ge\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+\frac{1}{3}\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+\frac{20}{3}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}{5\left[x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\right]}=\frac{3}{5}\)
Bổ sung bài 1:
BĐT được chứng minh
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> a=b=c
\(\frac{\sqrt{x}+3}{\sqrt{x}+1}=1+\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}+1}\in Z\Rightarrow\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}+1}\in Z\)
giả sử \(\sqrt{x}\)là số vô tỉ=>\(\sqrt{x}+1\)là số vô tỉ
=>\(\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)là số vô tỉ(vô lí)
với \(\sqrt{x}\in Q\)=>\(\sqrt{x}\in Z\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+1\in Z\)
mà \(\sqrt{x}+1\ge1\)
Vậy x=0;1 thì \(A\in Z\)
=>\(\sqrt{x}+1\in\left\{1;2\right\}\Rightarrow x\in\left\{0;1\right\}\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x}=t\)
=> t \(\ge\) 0
\(\Rightarrow\)Để A thuộc Z thì:
\(\frac{t+3}{t+1}\in Z\)
\(=>\left(\frac{t+3}{t+1}-1\right)\in Z\)
\(\frac{2}{t+1}\in Z\)
=> \(2⋮\left(t+1\right)\Rightarrow\left(t+1\right)\inƯ\left(2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(t+1\right)\in\left\{2;-2;1;-1\right\}\)
=> \(t\in\left\{1;-3;0;-2\right\}\)
Vì \(t\ge0\)nên chỉ có t = 1; t = 0 là thoả mãn điều kiện của t
Vì \(t=\sqrt{x}\)nên :
\(x\in\left\{1;0\right\}\)
Vậy,\(x\in\left\{1;0\right\}\)
mk làm luôn
a)\(A=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(3\sqrt{x}+1\right)-3\sqrt{x}-1+8\sqrt{x}}{\left(3\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(3\sqrt{x}+1\right)}:\left(\frac{3\sqrt{x}+1-3\sqrt{x}+2}{3\sqrt{x}+1}\right).\)
=\(\frac{3x+\sqrt{x}-3\sqrt{x}-1-3\sqrt{x}-1+8\sqrt{x}}{\left(3\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(3\sqrt{x}+1\right)}.\frac{3\sqrt{x}+1}{3}\)
=\(\frac{\left(3x+3\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(3\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(3\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(3\sqrt{x}+1\right).3}\)
=\(\frac{3x+3\sqrt{x}-1}{9\sqrt{x}-3}\)
=
a/ \(A=\frac{\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{3\sqrt{x}-1}-\frac{1}{3\sqrt{x}+1}+\frac{8\sqrt{x}}{9x-1}}{1-\frac{3\sqrt{x}-2}{3\sqrt{x}+1}}\)
\(A=\frac{\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(3\sqrt{x}-1\right)-\left(3\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(3\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(3\sqrt{x}+1\right)}-\frac{8\sqrt{x}}{9x-1}}{1-\frac{3\sqrt{x}+1-3}{3\sqrt{x}+1}}\)
\(A=\frac{\frac{3x-4\sqrt{x}+1-3\sqrt{x}-1}{\left(3\sqrt{x}\right)^2-1}-\frac{8\sqrt{x}}{9x-1}}{1-1-\frac{3}{3\sqrt{x}+1}}\)
\(A=\frac{\frac{3x-7\sqrt{x}}{9x-1}-\frac{8\sqrt{x}}{9x-1}}{-\frac{3}{3\sqrt{x}+1}}\)
\(A=\frac{3x-7\sqrt{x}-8\sqrt{x}}{9x-1}\left(\frac{-\left(3\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{3}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{3x-15\sqrt{x}}{9x-1}\left(\frac{-3\sqrt{x}-1}{3}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{3\left(x-3\sqrt{x}\right)}{9x-1}\left(\frac{-3\sqrt{x}-1}{3}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{\left(x-3\sqrt{x}\right)\left(-3\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{9x-1}\)
\(A=\frac{3x\sqrt{x}+8x+3\sqrt{x}}{9x-1}\)
\(A=\frac{3x\sqrt{x}}{9x-1}+\frac{8x}{9x-1}+\frac{3\sqrt{x}}{9x-1}\)
\(A=\frac{x\sqrt{x}}{x-\frac{1}{3}}+\frac{8x}{9x-1}+\frac{\sqrt{x}}{x-\frac{1}{3}}\)
\(A=\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(x-1\right)}{x-\frac{1}{3}}+\frac{\frac{8}{3}x}{x-\frac{1}{3}}\)
\(A=\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(x-1\right)+\frac{8}{3}x}{x-\frac{1}{3}}\)
a, \(A=\frac{x-1}{x+1}=\frac{x+1-1-1}{x+1}=\frac{x+1-2}{x+1}=1-\frac{2}{x+1}\)
Để \(A\in z\) thì \(x+1\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left(-2;-1:1;2\right)\)
\(x+1=-2\Rightarrow x=-3\)
\(x+1=-1\Rightarrow x=-2\)
\(x+1=1\Rightarrow x=0\)
\(x+1=2\Rightarrow x=1\)
Vậy \(x=\left(-3;-2;0;1\right)\)thì \(A\in z\)
b, \(A=\frac{x+1}{x-2}=1+\frac{3}{x-2}\)
Để \(A\in z\)thì \(x-2\inƯ\left(3\right)=\left(-3;-1;1;3\right)\)
\(x-2=-3\Rightarrow x=-1\)
\(x-2=-1\Rightarrow x=1\)
\(x-2=1\Rightarrow x=3\)
\(x-2=3\Rightarrow x=5\)
Vậy \(x=\left(-1;1;3;5\right)\)thì \(A\in z\)
c, \(A=\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)\(ĐK:\)\(x\ge0;x\ne9\)
\(A=\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-3}=1+\frac{4}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)
Để \(A\in z\)thì \(\sqrt{x}-3\inƯ\left(4\right)=\left(-4;-2;-1;1;2;4\right)\)
\(\sqrt{x}-3=-4\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=-1VN\)
\(\sqrt{x}-3=-2\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=1\Rightarrow x=1\)
\(\sqrt{x}-3=-1\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=2\Rightarrow x=4\)
\(\sqrt{x}-3=1\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=4\Rightarrow x=16\)
\(\sqrt{x}-3=2\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=5\Rightarrow x=25\)
\(\sqrt{x}-3=4\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=7\Rightarrow x=49\)
Vậy \(x=\left(1;4;16;25;49\right)\)thì \(A\in z\)
d, \(A=\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\) \(ĐK:\)\(x\ge0;x\ne1\)
\(A=\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}=1+\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
Để \(A\in z\) thì \(\sqrt{x}-1\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left(-2;-1;1;2\right)\)
\(\sqrt{x}-1=-2\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=-1VN\)
\(\sqrt{x}-1=-1\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=0\Rightarrow x=0\)
\(\sqrt{x}-1=1\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=2\Rightarrow x=4\)
\(\sqrt{x}-1=2\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=3\Rightarrow x=9\)
Vậy \(x=\left(0,4,9\right)\)thì \(A\in z\)
\(a,A=\frac{x-1}{x+1}\)
Để \(A\in Z\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x-1}{x+1}\in Z\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x+1-2}{x+1}\in Z\)
\(\Rightarrow1-\frac{2}{x+1}\in Z\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2}{x+1}\in Z\)
\(\Rightarrow x+1\in U_{\left(2\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow x+1=\left\{-2,-1,1,2\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\left\{-3,-2,0,1\right\}\)