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\(n_{K_2CO_3}=0.1\cdot0.5=0.05\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CaCl_2}=0.1\cdot0.1=0.01\left(mol\right)\)
\(K_2CO_3+CaCl_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+2KCl\)
Lập tỉ lệ :
\(\dfrac{0.05}{1}>\dfrac{0.01}{1}\) \(\Rightarrow K_2CO_3dư\)
\(n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CaCl_2}=0.01\left(mol\right)\)
\(m=0.01\cdot100=1\left(g\right)\)
\(b.\)
Các chất có trong dung dịch :
\(K_2CO_3\left(dư\right):0.04\left(mol\right),KCl:0.02\left(mol\right)\)
\(V=0.1+0.1=0.2\left(l\right)\)
\(\left[K^+\right]=\dfrac{0.04\cdot2+0.02}{0.2}=0.5\left(M\right)\)
\(\left[CO_3^{2-}\right]=\dfrac{0.04}{0.2}=0.2\left(M\right)\)
\(\left[Cl^-\right]=\dfrac{0.02}{0.2}=0.1\left(M\right)\)
\(a.n_{NaCl}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ n_{CaCl_2}=0,5.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \left[Na^+\right]=\left[NaCl\right]=\dfrac{0,4.1}{0,2+0,2}=1\left(M\right)\\ \left[Ca^{2+}\right]=\left[CaCl_2\right]=\dfrac{0,1.1}{0,2+0,2}=0,25\left(M\right)\\ \left[Cl^-\right]=1.1+0,25.2=1,5\left(M\right)\)
\(b.\\ n_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{12}{120}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{34,2}{342}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \left[Mg^{2+}\right]=\left[MgSO_4\right]=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2+0,3}=0,2\left(M\right)\\ \left[Al^{3+}\right]=2.\left[Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\right]=2.\dfrac{0,1}{0,2+0,3}=0,4\left(M\right)\\ \left[SO^{2-}_4\right]=0,2.1+0,2.3=0,8\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,2.0,5=0,1mol\\ n_{K_2CO_3}=0,05.0,8=0,04mol\\ 2H^++CO_3^{2-}->H_2O+CO_2\\ n_{H^+dư}=0,1-0,08=0,02mol\\ C_{M\left(K^{^+}\right)}=\dfrac{0,08}{0,25}=0,32M\\ C_{M\left(H^{^+}dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,25}=0,08M\\ C_{M\left(Cl^{^{ }-}\right)}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,25}=0,4M\)