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Câu 1:
PTHH: \(Na+\dfrac{1}{2}Cl_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}NaCl\)
Ta có: \(n_{NaCl}=2n_{Cl_2}=2\cdot\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{NaCl}=0,2\cdot58,5=11,7\left(g\right)\)
Câu 2:
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,896}{22,4}=0,04\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{H_2}=0,04\cdot2=0,08\left(g\right)\)
Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,08\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,08\cdot36,5=2,92\left(g\right)\)
Bảo toàn khối lượng: \(m_{muối}=m_{KL}+m_{HCl}-m_{H_2}=4,29\left(g\right)\)
Bài 1:
\(n_{HCl}=2.0,16=0,32\left(mol\right);n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,584}{22,4}=0,16\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
\(m_{H_2}=0,16.2=0,32\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,32.36,5=11,68\left(g\right)\)
Theo ĐLBTKL ta có: \(m_{MgCl_2+FeCl_2}=1,4+11,68-0,32=12,76\left(g\right)\)
Bài 12:
Theo ĐLBTKL, ta có:
\(m_{hhkl}+m_{O_2}=m_{hh.oxit}\\ \Leftrightarrow11,9+m_{O_2}=18,3\\ \Leftrightarrow m_{O_2}=18,3-11,9=6,4\left(g\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,4}{32}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
\(Đặt:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Fe:x\left(mol\right)\\Zn:y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ Tacó:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+65y=5,3\\x+y=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1,2\\y=-0,97\end{matrix}\right.\left(vô\:lí\right)\)
Em xem lại đề nha!
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35mol\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=x\\n_{Zn}=y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
x x ( mol )
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
y y ( mol )
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+65y=21,4\\x+y=0,35\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,15\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4g\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,2.65=13g\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{8,4}{21,4}.100=39,25\%\)
\(\%m_{Zn}=100\%-39,25\%=60,75\%\)
\(m_{FeCl_2}=0,15.127=19,05g\)
\(m_{ZnCl_2}=0,2.136=27,2g\)
gọi x và y lần lượt là số mol của Fe và Zn ( x không âm)
\(2Fe+6H_2SO_{4\left(đ,n\right)}\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3SO_2+6H_2O\)
x-------> 3x------------> 0,5x------------>1,5x------>3x
\(Zn+2H_2SO_{4\left(đ,n\right)}\rightarrow ZnSO_4+SO_2+2H_2O\)
y------->2y---------------->y-------->y------>2y
\(nSO_2=\dfrac{2,8}{22,4}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+65y=6,05\\1,5x+y=0,125\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> x = 0,05 ; y = 0,05
=> \(m_{Fe}=0,05.56=2,8\left(g\right)\)
=> \(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{2,8.100}{6,05}=46,28\%\)
=> \(\%m_{Zn}=100\%-46,28\%=53,72\%\)
Gọi số mol Zn, Fe là a, b (mol)
=> 65a + 56b = 23,75 (1)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
a--------------->a------->a
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
b----------------->b----->b
=> a + b = 0,4 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,15 (mol); b = 0,25 (mol)
=> mZn = 0,15.65 = 9,75 (g); mFe = 0,25.56 = 14 (g)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{9,75}{23,75}.100\%=41,05\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{14}{23,75}.100\%=58,95\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) mZnCl2 = 0,15.136 = 20,4 (g)
mFeCl2 = 0,25.127 = 31,75 (g)
=> mmuối = 20,4 + 31,75 = 52,15 (g)
\(n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right),n_{Al}=c\left(mol\right),n_{Zn}=d\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2.24}{22.4}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\)\(BTe:\)
\(2a+2b+3c+2d=0.2\left(1\right)\)
\(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{3.36}{22.4}=0.15\left(mol\right)\)
\(BTe:\)
\(3a+2b+3c+2c=0.15\cdot2=0.3\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(2\right)-\left(1\right):a=0.3-0.2=0.1\)
\(\%Fe=\dfrac{0.1\cdot56}{32}\cdot100\%=17.5\%\)
a, Ta có: 24nMg + 56nFe = 9,2 (g) (1)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
BT e, có: 2nMg + 2nFe = 2nH2 = 0,5 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,15.24}{9,2}.100\%\approx39,13\%\\\%m_{Fe}\approx60,87\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, BTNT H, có: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,2}=2,5\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6.72}{22.4}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=2\cdot n_{H_2}=2\cdot0.3=0.6\left(mol\right)\)
BTKL :
\(m_{Muối}=m_{hh}+m_{HCl}-m_{H_2}=18.6+0.6\cdot36.5-0.3\cdot2=39.9\left(g\right)\)
em cảm ơn ạ