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a) Đặt: nZn=x(mol); nFe= y(mol) (x,y: nguyên, dương)
Zn + H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 + H2
x_______x_______x________x
Fe + H2SO4 -> FeSO4 + H2
y____y_________y___y(mol)
b) m(rắn)=mCu=3(g)
=> m(Zn, Fe)= 21,6 - 3= 18,6(g)
Ta có hpt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65x+56y=18,6\\22,4x+22,4y=6,72\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> Zn= 65.0,2=13(g)
=>%mZn= (13/21,6).100=60,185%
%mCu=(3/21,6).100=13,889%
=>%mFe=25,926%
c) nH2SO4=x+y=0,3(mol) =>mH2SO4=29,4(g)
=> mddH2SO4= (29,4.100)/25=117,6(g)
phương trình bn tự ghi nha:
đặt số mol 3 KL Zn, Fe, Cu lần lượt là a, b, c (mol), ta có pt theo đề bài:
65a+56b+64c=21.6 (1)
c=3/64 (2)
a+b=6.72/22.4 (3)
Từ (1)(2)(3)==> a=0.2(mol), b=0.1(mol), c=3/64(mol)
==>%Zn=0.2x65x100/21.6=60.185%
%Fe=0.1x56x100/21.6=25.925%
%Cu=100%-(60.185%+25.925%)=13.89%
a)Zn +H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 +H2
Fe +H2SO4 -> FeSO4 +H2
Cu +H2SO4 -> CUSO4+H2
đặt số mol 3 KL Zn, Fe, Cu lần lượt là a, b, c (mol), ta có pt theo đề bài:
65a+56b+64c=21.6 (1)
c=3/64 (2)
a+b=6.72/22.4 (3)
Từ (1)(2)(3)==> a=0.2(mol), b=0.1(mol), c=3/64(mol)
==>%Zn=0.2 x 65 x100/21.6 = 60.185%
%Fe=0.1 x 56 x 100/21.6 = 25.925%
%Cu=100%-( 60.185% + 25.925% )= 13.89%
\(n_{Fe} = a(mol) ; n_{Mg} = b(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 56a + 24b = 16,8 - 6,4 = 10,4(1)\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = a + b = \dfrac{6,72}{22,4} = 0,3(2)\)
Từ (1)(2) suy ra: a = 0,1 ; b = 0,2
Vậy :
\(\%m_{Fe} = \dfrac{0,1.56}{16,8}.100\% = 33,33\%\\ \%m_{Mg} = \dfrac{0,2.24}{16,8}.100\% = 28,57\%\\ \%m_{Cu} = 100\% - 33,33\% - 28,57\% = 38,1\%\)
3g chất rắn không tan là Cu
=> \(m_{Zn}+m_{Fe}=18,6\left(g\right)\)
Theo đề bài ta có PTHH:
\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\) (I)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\) (II)
Gọi \(n_{Zn}=x\left(mol\right);n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65x+56y=18,6\\x+y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=56\cdot0,1=5,6\left(g\right)\) ; \(m_{Zn}=65\cdot0,2=13\left(g\right)\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{21,6}\cdot100\%=25,93\left(\%\right)\)
\(\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{21,6}\cdot100\%=60,19\left(\%\right)\)
\(\%m_{Cu}=\left(100-25,93-60,19\right)\%=13,88\%\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
a. PTHH:
\(Zn+H_2SO_4--->ZnSO_4+H_2\)
\(Cu+H_2SO_4--\times-->\)
b. Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{chất.rắn.còn.lại.sau.PỨ}=m_{Cu}=10,5-6,5=4\left(g\right)\)
c. Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,1.98=9,8\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(C_{\%_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{9,8}{m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}}.100\%=20\%\)
\(\Leftrightarrow m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=49\left(g\right)\)
\(a,PTHH:Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\\ b,m_{\text{chất rắn sau p/ứ}}=m_{Cu}\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,1\cdot65=6,5\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Cu}=10,5-6,5=4\left(g\right)\\ c,n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CT_{H_2SO_4}}=0,1\cdot98=9,8\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{9,8\cdot100\%}{20\%}=49\left(g\right)\)
\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}=0,1mol\\
Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1
\(m_{Mg}=0,1.24=2,4g\\
m_{Cu}=6,24-2,4=3,84g\\
b,\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{6,24}\cdot100\%=38,46\%\\
\%m_{Cu}=100\%-38,46\%=61,54\%\\
c,m_{ddMgCl_2}=2,4+60-0,2=62,2g\\
m_{MgCl_2}=0,1.95=9,5g\\
C_{\%MgCl_2}=\dfrac{9,5}{62,2}\cdot100\%=15,27\%\)
a, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
mhh Zn và Fe = 21,6-3 = 18,6 (g)
PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2
Mol: x x
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 → FeSO4 + H2
Mol: y y
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65x+56y=18,6\\x+y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,2.65.100\%}{21,6}=60,19\%\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56.100\%}{21,6}=25,93\%\)
\(\%m_{Cu}=100-60,19-25,93=13,88\%\)
b,
PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2
Mol: 0,2 0,2 0,2
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 → FeSO4 + H2
Mol: 0,1 0,1 0,1
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=\left(0,1+0,2\right).98=29,4\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{29,4.100\%}{25\%}=117,6\left(g\right)\)
c,mdd sau pư = 21,6+117,6- (0,1+0,2).2 = 138,6 (g)
\(C\%_{ddZnSO_4}=\dfrac{0,2.161.100\%}{138,6}=23,23\%\)
\(C\%_{ddFeSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.152.100\%}{138,6}=10,97\%\)
củm on :<