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Bài 1 :
a) $2Na + 2H_2O \to 2NaOH + H_2$
b) $n_{H_2} = \dfrac{5,6}{22,4} = 0,25(mol) \Rightarrow n_{Na} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,5(mol)$
$m_{Na} = 0,5.23 = 11,5(gam)$
c) $n_{NaOH} = n_{Na} = 0,5(mol)$
$C_{M_{NaOH}} = \dfrac{0,5}{0,2} = 2,5M$
$m_{H_2O} = D.V = 200.1 = 200(gam)$
$m_{dd} = 11,5 + 200 - 0,25.2 = 211(gam)$
$C\%_{NaOH} = \dfrac{0,5.40}{211}.100\% = 9,48\%$
Bài 2:
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{11,2.20\%}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ 4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{^{to}}2Al_2O_3\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,1}{4}< \dfrac{0,3}{1}\Rightarrow O_2dư\\ \Rightarrow Sau.p.ứng:Al_2O_3,O_2dư,N_2\\ n_{N_2}=\dfrac{80}{20}.0,1=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{N_2}=28.0,4=11,2\left(g\right)\\ n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,1-\dfrac{3}{4}.0,1=0,025\left(mol\right)\\ m_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,025.32=0,8\left(g\right)\\ n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{2}{4}.0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al_2O_3}=102.0,05=5,1\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ a.2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\\ b.0,5.......0,5.........0,5..........0,25\left(mol\right)\\ b.m_{Na}=0,5.23=11,5\left(g\right)\\ c.C\%_{ddA}=C\%_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,5.40}{0,5.23+200.1-0,25.2}.100\approx9,479\%\)
\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{4,6}{23}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{200}{98}=2\)
PTHH:\(2Na+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2\)
tpư: 0,2 2
pư: 0,2 0,1 0,1 0,1
spư: 0 1,9 0,1 0,1
a)\(V_{H_2}=n.22,4\)=0,1.22,4=2,24
b)\(m_{Na_2SO_4}=n.M\)=0,1.142=14,2
\(m_{H_2SO_4dư}=n.M\)=1,9.98=186,2
c)\(C\%H_2SO_4=\dfrac{m_{ct}}{m_{dd}}.100=\dfrac{0,1.98}{200}.100\)=0,099%
\(a.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ Đặt:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\left(a,b>0\right)\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+24b=5,1\\1,5a+b=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{27.0,1}{5,1}.100\approx52,941\%\\\%m_{Mg}\approx47,059\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(b.m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25.98.100}{9,8}=250\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddsau}=m_{Al,Mg}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}=5,1+250-0,25.2=254,6\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddAl_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,05.342}{254,6}.100\approx6,716\%\\ C\%_{ddMgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.120}{254,6}.100\approx4,713\%\)
nH2=13,14:22,4=0,6 mol
PTHH: 2Al+6HCl=>2Al2Cl3+3H2
0,4<-1,2<----0,4<-----0,6
=> Al=0,4.27=10,8g
CMHCL=1,2:0,4=3M
CM Al2Cl3=0,4:0,4=1M
bài 2: nH2=0,2mol
PTHH: 2A+xH2SO4=> A2(SO4)x+xH2
0,4:x<---------------------------0,2
ta có PT: \(\frac{13}{A}=\frac{0,4}{x}\)<=> 13x=0,4A
=> A=32,5x
ta lập bảng xét
x=1=> A=32,5 loiaj
x=2=> A=65 nhận
x=3=> A=97,5 loại
=> A là kẽm (Zn)
Bài 1:
\(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Na}=n_{Na_2O}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ a.m_{Na}=0,4.23=9,2\left(g\right)\\ b.C_{MddA}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}=0,8\left(M\right)\\ C\%_{ddA}=\dfrac{0,4.40}{500.1,2}.100\approx2,667\%\)
a) CO2+ 2NaOH→ Na2CO3+ H2O
(mol) 0,05 0,1 0,05 0,05
b) \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Na_2CO_3}=n.M=0,05.106=5,3\)(g)
c)đổi: 200ml=0,2 lít
\(C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\)
PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,2\cdot56=11,2\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_2}=0,2\cdot127=25,4\left(g\right)\\m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4\cdot36,5}{10\%}=146\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,2\cdot2=0,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{Fe}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=156,8\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{25,4}{156,8}\cdot100\%\approx16,2\%\)
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2|\)
2 2 2 1
0,4 0,4 0,2
a) \(n_{Na}=\dfrac{0,2.2}{1}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{Na}=0,4.23=9,2\left(g\right)\)
b) \(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,2.2}{1}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{NaOH}=0,4.40=16\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddspu}=9,2+191,2-\left(0,2.2\right)=200\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{NaOH}=\dfrac{16.100}{200}=8\)0/0
Chúc bạn học tốt
nH2=4,4822,4=0,2(mol)nH2=4,4822,4=0,2(mol)
Pt : 2Na+2H2O→2NaOH+H2|2Na+2H2O→2NaOH+H2|
2 2 2 1
0,4 0,4 0,2
a) nNa=0,2.21=0,4(mol)nNa=0,2.21=0,4(mol)
⇒ mNa=0,4.23=9,2(g)mNa=0,4.23=9,2(g)
b) nNaOH=0,2.21=0,4(mol)nNaOH=0,2.21=0,4(mol)
⇒ mNaOH=0,4.40=16(g)mNaOH=0,4.40=16(g)
mddspu=9,2+191,2−(0,2.2)=200(g)mddspu=9,2+191,2−(0,2.2)=200(g)
CNaOH=16.100200=8CNaOH=16.100200=80/0