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a)
$n_{MgO} = \dfrac{8}{40} = 0,2(mol)$
$MgO + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2O$
$n_{HCl} = 2n_{MgO} = 0,4(mol) \Rightarrow V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,4}{1} = 0,4(lít)$
b)
$n_{MgCl_2} = n_{MgO} = 0,2(mol) \Rightarrow C_{M_{MgCl_2}} = \dfrac{0,2}{0,4} = 0,5M$
c)
$MgCl_2 + 2NaOH \to Mg(OH)_2 + 2NaCl$
$n_{NaOH} = 2n_{MgCl_2} = 0,4(mol)$
$n_{Mg(OH)_2} = n_{MgCl_2} = 0,2(mol)$
Suy ra :
$V = \dfrac{0,4}{1} = 0,4(lít)$
$m_{Mg(OH)_2} = 0,2.58 = 11,6(gam)$
\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{8}{40}=0,2mol\)
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)
0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2
a)\(V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,4}{1}=0,4\left(l\right)=400ml\)
c) \(MgCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Mg\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)
0,2 0,2
\(\Rightarrow V_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,2}{1}=0,2\left(l\right)=200ml\)
a)
$K_2SO_4 + BaCl_2 \to BaSO_4 + 2KCl$
b)
$n_{K_2SO_4} = 0,2.2 = 0,4(mol)$
$n_{BaCl_2} = 0,3.1 = 0,3(mol)$
Ta thấy :
$n_{K_2SO_4} : 1 > n_{BaCl_2} : 1$ nên $K_2SO_4$ dư
$n_{BaSO_4} = n_{BaCl_2} = 0,3(mol)$
$m_{BaSO_4} = 0,3.233 = 69,9(gam)$
c) $n_{K_2SO_4} = 0,4 - 0,3 = 0,1(mol)$
$V_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 0,2 + 0,3 = 0,5(lít)$
$C_{M_{K_2SO_4} } = \dfrac{0,1}{0,5} = 0,2M$
$C_{M_{KCl}} = \dfrac{0,6}{0,5} = 1,2M$
\(n_{MgCl_2}=0,15.0,2=0,03(mol)\\ PTHH:MgCl_2+2NaOH\to Mg(OH)_2\downarrow +2NaCl\\ a,n_{Mg(OH)_2}=n_{MgCl_2}=0,03(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{\downarrow}=m_{Mg(OH)_2}=0,03.58=1,74(g)\\ b,n_{NaOH}=2n_{MgCl_2}=0,06(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,06}{0,3}=0,2M\\ c,PTHH:Mg(OH)_2\xrightarrow{t^o}MgO+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{MgO}=n_{Mg(OH)_2}=0,03(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{A}=m_{MgO}=0,03.40=1,2(g)\)
\(a,Ca(OH)_2+2HCl\to CaCl_2+2H_2O\\ b,n_{HCl}=1.0,3=0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Ca(OH)_2}=n_{CaCl_2}=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{Ca(OH)_2}}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,5}=0,3(l)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{CaCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,3+0,3}=0,25M\)
\(a,H_2SO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=1.0,4=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ n_{NaOH}=0,4.2=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ b,V_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,8}{0,5}=1,6\left(l\right)\\ c,n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ V_{ddNa_2SO_4}=0,4+1,6=2\left(l\right)\\ C_{MddNa_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,4}{2}=0,2\left(M\right)\)
a/ \(n_{KOH}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{H_2SO_4}=0,3.1=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2KOH + H2SO4 → K2SO4 + 2H2O
Mol: 0,2 0,1 0,1
Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,3}{1}\) ⇒ KOH hết, H2SO4 dư
b/ \(m_{H_2SO_4dư}=\left(0,3-0,1\right).98=19,6\left(g\right)\)
c/ Vdd sau pứ = 0,2 + 0,3 = 0,5 (l)
d/ \(C_{M_{ddK_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,5}=0,2M\)
\(C_{M_{ddH_2SO_4dư}}=\dfrac{0,3-0,1}{0,5}=0,4M\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,3.1=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2NaOH + H2SO4 --> Na2SO4 + 2H2O
_______0,6<------0,3----------->0,3
=> V = \(\dfrac{0,6}{1}=0,6\left(l\right)\)
b) \(C_{M\left(Na_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,6+0,3}=0,333M\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=1.0,3=0,3(mol)\\ 2NaOH+H_2SO_4\to Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=0,6(mol)\\ a,V_{dd_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,6}{1}=0,6(l)\\ b,n_{Na_2SO_4}=0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{Na_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,6+0,3}=0,33M\)