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\(1,\dfrac{1}{1+x}=1-\dfrac{1}{1+y}+1-\dfrac{1}{1+z}=\dfrac{y}{1+y}+\dfrac{z}{1+z}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)}}\)
Cmtt: \(\dfrac{1}{1+y}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{xz}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+z\right)}};\dfrac{1}{1+z}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)}}\)
Nhân VTV
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}\ge8\sqrt{\dfrac{x^2y^2z^2}{\left(1+x\right)^2\left(1+y\right)^2\left(1+z\right)^2}}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}\ge\dfrac{8xyz}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}\\ \Leftrightarrow8xyz\le1\Leftrightarrow xyz\le\dfrac{1}{8}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(2,\\ a,2x^2+y^2-2xy=1\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+x^2=1\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2=1-x^2\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2\le1\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2}\le1\Leftrightarrow\left|x\right|\le1\)
Ta có \(2x^2+2xy+y^2-2x\le8\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2\le9\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\le9-\left(x-1\right)^2\le9\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y\le3\)
\(P=\frac{2}{x}+2x+\frac{4}{y}+y-4\left(x+y\right)\ge2\sqrt{\frac{4x}{x}}+2\sqrt{\frac{4y}{y}}-4.3=-4\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{min}=-4\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 2. Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy dưới dạng Engel , ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{4}{y}+\dfrac{9}{z}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{\left(1+4+9\right)^2}{x+y+z}=196\)
⇒ \(P_{MIN}=196."="\) ⇔ \(x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(\dfrac{x+y}{y}.\sqrt{\dfrac{x^3y^2+2x^3y^2+xy^4}{x^2+2xy+y^2}}\\ =\dfrac{x+y}{y}.\sqrt{\dfrac{3x^3y^2+xy^4}{x^2+2xy+y^2}}\\ =\dfrac{x+y}{y}.\dfrac{\sqrt{3x^3y^2+xy^4}}{\sqrt{x^2+2xy+y^2}}\\ =\dfrac{x+y}{y}.\dfrac{\sqrt{3x^3y^2+xy^4}}{\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)^2}}\\ =\dfrac{x+y}{y}.\dfrac{\sqrt{3x^3y^2+xy^4}}{x+y}\\ =\dfrac{1}{y}.\sqrt{3x^3y^2+xy^4}\)
Áp dụng BĐT cosi:
\(A=\left(3x+\dfrac{3}{x}\right)+\left(\dfrac{4}{9}y+\dfrac{4}{y}\right)+\left(2x+y\right)\\ A\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{9x}{x}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{16y}{9y}}+5\\ A\ge2\cdot3+2\cdot\dfrac{4}{3}+5=\dfrac{41}{3}\)
Vậy \(A_{min}=\dfrac{41}{3}\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x=\dfrac{3}{x}\\\dfrac{4y}{9}=\dfrac{4}{y}\\2x+y=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(x+y\right)^2\le9\Rightarrow x+y\le3\).
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM ta có:
\(\dfrac{2}{x}+2x\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{2}{x}.2x}=4;\dfrac{4}{y}+y\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{4}{y}.y}=4\).
Do đó \(\dfrac{2}{x}\ge4-2x;\dfrac{4}{y}\ge4-y\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge8-4\left(x+y\right)\ge-4\). (do \(x+y\le3\)).
Vậy...
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi x = 1; y = 2.
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