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Q=(mt-ms).931 MeV= -1.21 MeV
mà Q=Ks-Kt >> -1.21=Kp+Kx-4 >> Kp+Kx=2.79
>> 1/2MxVx+1/2MpVp=2.79
mà Vp=Vx >> 1/2Vp(Mp+Mx)=2.79 >> Vp=0.5.10^7m/s >> Kp=0.1306MeV
\(_2^4 He + _{13}^{27}Al \rightarrow _{15}^{30}P + _0^1n\)
Phản ứng thu năng lượng
\( K_{He} - (K_{P}+K_{n} )= 2,7MeV.(*)\)
Lại có \(\overrightarrow v_P = \overrightarrow v_n .(1)\)
=> \(v_P = v_n\)
=> \(\frac{K_P}{K_n} = 30 .(2)\)
Áp dụng định luật bảo toàn động lượng trước và sau phản ứng
\(\overrightarrow P_{He} = \overrightarrow P_{P} + \overrightarrow P_{n} \)
Do \(\overrightarrow P_{P} \uparrow \uparrow \overrightarrow P_{n}\)
=> \(P_{He} = P_{P} + P_{n} \)
=> \(m_{He}.v_{He} = (m_{P}+ m_n)v_P=31m_nv\) (do \(v_P = v_n = v\))
=> \(K_{He} = \frac{31^2}{4}K_n.(3)\)
Thay (2) và (3) vào (*) ta có
\(K_{He}-31K_n= 2,7.\)
=> \(K_{He} = \frac{2,7}{1-4/31} = 3,1MeV.\)
\(_1^1p + _3^7 Li \rightarrow 2_2^4He\)
\(\Delta m = (m_p+m_{Li}- 2m_{He}) = 0,0187u>0 \)
=> \(m_t > m_s \), phản ứng tỏa năng lượng.
\(E = \Delta m c^2= 0,0187.931 =17,4097 MeV.\)
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\(_1^1p + _4^9Be \rightarrow _2^4He + _3^6X\)
Áp dụng định luật bảo toàn động lượng \(\overrightarrow P_p=\overrightarrow P_{He}+ \overrightarrow P_{X} \) (do hạt Be đứng yên)
Dựa vào hình vẽ ta có \(P_{p}^2+ P_{He}^2 = P_X^2\)
=> \(2m_{p}K_{p}+2m_{He} K_{He} = 2m_{X}K_{X}. \)
=> \(K_{p}+4K_{He} = 6K_{X} => K_X = 6MeV.\)
\(_1^1p + _4^9Be \rightarrow _2^4He+ _3^6 Li\)
Áp dụng định luật bảo toàn động lượng
\(\overrightarrow P_{p} =\overrightarrow P_{He} + \overrightarrow P_{Li} \)
Dựa vào hình vẽ ta có (định lí Pi-ta-go)
\(P_{Li}^2 = P_{\alpha}^2+P_p^2\)
=> \(2m_{Li}K_{Li} = 2m_{He}K_{He}+ 2m_pK_p\)
=> \(K_{Li} = \frac{4K_{He}+K_p}{6}=3,58MeV\)
=> \(v = \sqrt{\frac{2.K_{Li}}{m_{Li}}} = \sqrt{\frac{2.3,58.10^6.1,6.10^{-19}}{6.1,66055.10^{-27}}} = 10,7.10^6 m/s.\)
Đáp án D