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\(a)n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,958}{24,79}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\left(1\right)\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\left(2\right)\\ n_{Al}=a;n_{Fe}=b\\ \left\{{}\begin{matrix}1,5a+b=0,2\\27a+56b=5,5\end{matrix}\right.\\ a=0,1\\ b=0,05\\ \%_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{5,5}\cdot100=49\%\\ \%_{Fe}=100-49=51\%\\ b)n_{HCl\left(1\right)_{ }}=0,1\cdot\dfrac{6}{2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl\left(2\right)}=0,05.2=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=0,3+0,1=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0.4}{0,5}=0,8M\)
\(a.Đặt:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Zn:x\left(mol\right)\\Mg:y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ Tacó:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65x+24y=11,3\\x+y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right);m_{Mg}=0,2.24=4,8\left(g\right)\\ b.\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{11,3}=57,52\%;\%m_{Mg}=100-57,52=42,48\%\\ c.3H_2+Fe_2O_3-^{t^o}\rightarrow2Fe+3H_2O\\ TheoPT:n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,1.160=16\left(g\right)\)
a)
\(n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3,36}{22,4} = 0,15(mol)\\ n_{Mg} = a\ mol; n_{Fe} = b\ mol\\ Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2 \)
Theo PTHH, ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+56b=5,2\\a+b=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\)
Suy ra:
\(\%m_{Mg} = \dfrac{0,1.24}{5,2}.100\% = 46,15\%\\ \%m_{Fe} = 100\% - 46,15\% = 53,85\% \)
b)
\(n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,15.2 = 0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,3}{1} = 0,3(lít) \)
Đặt :
nMg = a mol
nFe= b mol
mhh = 24a + 56b = 5.2 (g) (1)
Mg + 2HCl => MgCl2 + H2
Fe + 2HCl => FeCl2 + H2
nH2 = a + b = 0.15 (2)
(1) , (2)
a = 0.1
b = 0.05
%Mg = 2.4/5.2 * 100% = 46.15%
%Fe = 100 - 46.15 = 53.85%
nHCl = 2a + 2b = 0.05 * 2 + 0.1*2 = 0.3 (mol)
VddHCl = 0.3/1=0.3 (l)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{100\cdot9,8\%}{100\%}=9,8g\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1mol\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,176}{22,4}=0,0525mol\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow24x+27y=1,305\left(1\right)\)
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)
\(\Rightarrow x+\dfrac{3}{2}y=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-0,0825\\y=0,122\end{matrix}\right.\)
Số âm=???
a)
$2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2$
$Mg + H_2SO_4 \to MgSO_4 + H_2$
b) Gọi $n_{Al} =a (mol) ; n_{Mg} = b(mol) \Rightarrow 27a + 24b = 11,1(1)$
Theo PTHH : $n_{H_2} = 1,5a + b = \dfrac{11,2}{22,4} = 0,5(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra : a = 0,1 ; b = 0,35
$\%m_{Al} = \dfrac{0,1.27}{11,1}.100\% = 24,3\%$
$\%m_{Mg} = 100\% - 24,3\% = 75,7\%$
c) $n_{Fe_2O_3} = \dfrac{16}{160} = 0,1(mol)$
$Fe_2O_3 + 3H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Fe + 3H_2O$
Ta thấy :
$n_{Fe_2O_3} : 1 < n_{H_2} : 3$ nên $H_2$ dư
$n_{Fe} = 2n_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,2(mol)$
$m_{Fe} = 0,2.56 = 11,2(gam)$
\(1)n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15(mol)\\ Mg+2HCl\to MgCl_2+H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\)
Từ giả thiết và theo PT:
\(\begin{cases} 24n_{Mg}+56n_{Fe}=5,2\\ n_{Mg}+n_{Fe}=0,15 \end{cases}\\ \Rightarrow n_{Mg}=0,1(mol);n_{Fe}=0,05(mol)\)
\(\Rightarrow \begin{cases} \%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,1.24}{5,2}.100\%=46,15\%\\ \%m_{Fe}=100-46,15=53,85\% \end{cases}\\ 2)\Sigma n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,3}{1}=0,3(l)=300(ml)\)
lười làm thì đừng làm
box hóa có luật không tham khảo rồi
\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,68}{22,4}=0,075\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
0,075<-------------------------0,075
Cu không phản ứng với H2SO4 loãng
b, \(m_{Mg}=0,075.24=1,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{1,8}{8}.100\%=22,5\%\\\%m_{Cu}=100\%-22,5\%=77,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,68}{22,4}=0,075\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
0,075 0,075
\(Cu+H_2SO_4-x->\)
\(m_{Mg}=0,075.24=1,6\left(g\right)\\ m_{Cu}=8-1,6=6,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{6,4}{8}.100\%=80\%\\
\%m_{Mg}=100-80\%=20\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,437}{24,79}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
x --->x----------------------->x
\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
y----->y------------------------>y
Có hệ phương trình: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+65y=11,3\\x+y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
a
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{65.0,1.100\%}{11,3}=57,52\%\\\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{24.0,2.100\%\%}{11,3}=42,48\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b
\(V_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{x+y}{0,5}=\dfrac{0,2+0,1}{0,5}=0,6\left(l\right)\)