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\(n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right),n_{FeO}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_X=56a+72b=12.8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2.24}{22.4}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a=0.1\)
\(b=\dfrac{12.8-56\cdot0.1}{72}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(BTe:\)
\(3n_{Fe}+n_{FeO}=2n_{SO_2}\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{3\cdot0.1+0.1}{2}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{SO_2}=0.2\cdot22.4=4.48\left(l\right)\)
\(\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
\(FeO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2O\)
\(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{FeO}=\dfrac{12,8-56.0,1}{72}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
12,8 g hh X ------> 0,1 mol Fe và 0,1 mol FeO
=> 6,4g hh X ------> 0,05 mol Fe và 0,05 mol FeO
2Fe + 6H2SO4 → Fe2(SO4)3 + 3SO2 + 6H2O
2FeO + 4H2SO4 → 4H2O + Fe2(SO4)3 + SO2
=> \(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Fe}+\dfrac{1}{2}n_{FeO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
SO2 + Ca(OH)2→ CaSO3 + H2O
Vì kết tủa nên khối lượng dung dịch giảm : \(m_{thêm}-m_{mất}=0,1.64+0,1.74-0,1.120=1,8\left(g\right)\)
Fe+ H2SO4 -> FeSO4 + H2
0,1___0,1______0,1__0,1(mol)
FeO+ H2SO4-> FeSO4 + H2O
=>mFe= 0,1.56=5,6(g)
=>%mFe=(5,6/12.8).100=43.75%
=>%mFeO=56,25%
6,4gam hh X => Số mol giảm đi 1/2
nFe=0,05(mol)=nCu
PTHH: 2 Fe + 6 H2SO4(đ)-to-> Fe2(SO4)3 + 3 SO2 + 6 H2O
0,05_______0,15__________0,025________0,075(mol)
Cu+ 2 H2SO4(đ) -to-> CuSO4 + SO2 + H2O
0,05___0,1_________0,05____0,05(mol)
=> nSO2=0,125(mol)
PTHH: SO2 + Ca(OH)2 -> CaSO3 + H2O
0,125_______0,125_____0,125(mol)
=> KL dung dịch giảm.
KL giảm:
0,125.64 + 0,125.74 - 0,125.120=2,25(g)
Chúc em học tốt!
a, \(Fe+H_2SO_{4\text{loãng}}\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
\(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_{4\text{đặc}}\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+SO_2+H_2O\)
\(Cu+H_2SO_{4\text{đặc}}\rightarrow CuSO_4+SO_2+H_2O\)
Bảo toàn e:
\(2n_{Cu}+3n_{Fe}=2n_{SO_2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n_{Cu}=\dfrac{2n_{SO_2}-3n_{Fe}}{2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x=m_{Cu}+m_{Fe}=0,25.64+0,5.56=44\left(g\right)\)
a) Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cu}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)=b=n_{Fe}\\n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{22,4}{22,4}=1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bảo toàn electron: \(2a+3b=2\) \(\Rightarrow2a+3\cdot0,5=2\) \(\Rightarrow a=n_{Cu}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x=m_{Cu}+m_{Fe}=0,25\cdot64+0,5\cdot56=44\left(g\right)\)
b) Ta có: \(n_{H_2SO_4\left(p/ư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{e\left(traođổi\right)}+n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot2+1=2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{H_2SO_4\left(đặc\right)}=2\cdot110\%=2,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{2,2\cdot98}{98\%}=220\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{220}{1,84}\approx119,57\left(ml\right)\)
c) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{SO_2}=1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,4\cdot1,5=0,6\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) Tạo 2 muối
PTHH: \(2SO_2+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow Ba\left(HSO_3\right)_2\)
2x x x (mol)
\(SO_2+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow BaSO_3\downarrow+H_2O\)
y y (mol)
Ta lập được hệ phương trình: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,6\\2x+y=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=n_{Ba\left(HSO_3\right)_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{Ba\left(HSO_3\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,4}=1\left(M\right)\)
a)
$FeO + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2O$
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
$2FeO + 4H_2SO_4 \to Fe_2(SO_4)_3 + SO_2 + 4H_2O$
$2Fe + 6H_2SO_4 \to Fe_2(SO_4)_3 + 3SO_2 + 6H_2O$
b)
n Fe = n H2 = 4,48/22,4 = 0,2(mol)
n SO2 = 7,84/22,4 = 0,35(mol)
Bảo toàn e :
n FeO + 3n Fe = 2n SO2
=> n FeO = 0,35.2 - 0,2.3 = 0,1(mol)
=> m = 0,1.72 + 0,2.56 = 18,4 gam
\(n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Zn}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(m=56a+65b=13.22\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4.928}{22.4}=0.22\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
\(n_{H_2}=a+b=0.22\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):\)
\(a=0.12\)
\(b=0.1\)
\(\text{Bảo toàn e : }\)
\(n_{Zn}+n_{Fe}=n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{0.12}{2}+\dfrac{0.1}{2}=0.11\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{SO_2}=0.11\cdot22.4=2.464\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Cu}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_X=64a+56b=16.2\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{8.96}{22.4}=0.4\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn e :
\(2a+3b=0.4\cdot2=0.8\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.0475,b=0.235\)
\(\%Cu=\dfrac{0.0475\cdot64}{16.2}\cdot100\%=18.76\%\)
\(\%Fe=81.24\%\)
\(b.\)
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{0.0475}{0.235}=\dfrac{19}{94}\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Cu}=19x\left(mol\right),n_{Fe}=94x\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_X=19x\cdot64+94x\cdot56=22\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{11}{3240}\)
\(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11}{3240}\cdot94=\dfrac{517}{1620}\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=7.15\left(l\right)\)
$n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1(mol)$
Quy hỗn hợp về $Fe:x(mol),O:y(mol)$
$\to 56x+16y=30,4(1)$
Bảo toàn e: $3n_{Fe}=2n_O+2n_{SO_2}$
$\to 3x=2y+0,2(2)$
Từ $(1)(2)\to x=0,4(mol);y=0,5(mol)$
Bảo toàn Fe: $n_{Fe_2(SO_4)_3}=0,5x=0,2(mol)$
$\to m_X=0,2.400=80(g)$
