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CTHH: FexOy
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: FexOy + yH2 --to--> xFe + yH2O
\(\dfrac{0,2}{x}\)<---------------0,2
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
0,2<-------------------0,2
=> \(M_{Fe_xO_y}=56x+16y=\dfrac{16}{\dfrac{0,2}{x}}=80x\)
=> \(\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{2}{3}\) => CTHH: Fe2O3
X gồm Fe và Cu. Với HCl:
nFe = nH2 = 0,04
=>nCu = (mX – mFe)/64 = 0,02
=> nCuO = nFexOy = 0,02
-> x = nFe/nFexOy = 2
; Oxit là Fe2O3.
Bảo toàn O: \(m_{O\left(oxit\right)}=m_{giảm}=4,8-3,52=1,28\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{O\left(oxit\right)}=\dfrac{1,28}{16}=0,08\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,896}{22,4}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
0,04 <------------------------ 0,02
\(m_{Cu}=3,52-0,04.56=1,28\left(g\right)\\ n_{O\left(CuO\right)}=n_{Cu}=\dfrac{1,28}{64}=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O\left(Fe_xO_y\right)}=0,08-0,02=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
CTHH: FexOy
=> x : y = 0,04 : 0,06 = 2 : 3
CTHH Fe2O3
a, PT: \(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo ĐLBT KL, có: m oxit = mKL + mO2 = 15,6 + 0,2.32 = 22 (g)
c, Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) (trong 15,6 g)
⇒ 24x + 27y = 15,6 (1)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Mg}+\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{3}{4}y=0,2\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1,4\\y=-\dfrac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đến đây thì ra số mol âm, bạn xem lại đề nhé.
a, PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Coi hh X gồm: Fe, Cu và O.
Ta có: nFe = 0,3 (mol)
Quá trình khử oxit: \(H_2+O_{\left(trongoxit\right)}\rightarrow H_2O\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O\left(trongoxit\right)}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ mCu = 39,2 - mFe - mO (trong oxit) = 39,2 - 0,3.56 - 0,6.16 = 12,8 (g)
BTNT Cu, có: \(n_{CuO}=n_{Cu}=\dfrac{12,8}{64}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CuO}=\dfrac{0,2.80}{39,2}.100\%\approx40,82\%\\\%m_{Fe_xO_y}\approx100-40,82\approx59,18\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Ta có: \(m_{Fe_xO_y}=39,2-m_{CuO}=23,2\left(g\right)\)
⇒ mO (trong FexOy) = 23,2 - mFe = 6,4 (g) \(\Rightarrow n_O=\dfrac{6,4}{16}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ x:y = 0,3:0,4 = 3:4
Vậy: CTHH cần tìm là Fe3O4.
Gọi số mol CuO, FexOy là a, b
=> 80a + b(56x+16y) = 2,4 (1)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,448}{22,4}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
a---------------->a
FexOy + yH2 --to--> xFe + yH2O
b------------------->bx
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
bx--------------->bx
=> bx = 0,02
Có 64a + 56bx = 1,76
=> a = 0,01 => b = 0,01 => x = 2
(1) => 56x + 16y = 160 => y = 3
=> CTHH: Fe2O3
\(pthh:\)
\(CuO+H_2\overset{t^o}{--->}Cu+H_2O\left(1\right)\)
\(Fe_xO_y+yH_2\overset{t^o}{--->}xFe+yH_2O\left(2\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl--->FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\left(3\right)\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,448}{22,4}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pt(3): \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,02.56=1,12\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=1,76-1,12=0,64\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Cu}=\dfrac{0,64}{64}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pt(1): \(n_{CuO}=n_{Cu}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,01.80=0,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_xO_y}=2,4-0,8=1,6\left(g\right)\)
Theo pt(2): \(n_{Fe_xO_y}=\dfrac{1}{x}.n_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{x}.0,02=\dfrac{0,02}{x}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_xO_y}=\dfrac{0,02}{x}.\left(56x+16y\right)=1,12+\dfrac{0,32y}{x}\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow1,12+\dfrac{0,32y}{x}=1,6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
Vậy CTHH của oxit sắt là: Fe2O3
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,953m}{22,4}=0,042545m\left(mol\right)\\ Đặt:n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right);n_{Al}=y\left(mol\right);n_{Cu}=z\left(mol\right)\left(x,y,z>0\right)\\\Rightarrow \left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+27y+64z=m\\40x+51y+80z=1,72m\\x+1,5y=0,042545m\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\approx0,012845m\\y\approx0,0198m\\z\approx0,002455m\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}\approx\dfrac{0,002455.64m}{m}.100\%\approx15,712\%\\ \%m_{Al}\approx\dfrac{27.0,0198m}{m}.100\%\approx53,46\%\\ \%m_{Mg}\approx\dfrac{0,012845.24m}{m}.100\%\approx30,828\%\)
Gọi CT oxit sắt là FexOy
Gọi nCu=a(mol)
nH2=\(\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}\)=0,3(mol)
FexOy+yH2to→xFe+yH2O(1)
Fe+2HCl→FeCl2+H2(2)
Theo pthh(2)
nFe=nH2=0,3(mol)
Theo pthh(1)
nFexOy=\(\dfrac{0,3}{x}\)(mol)
Ta có: 64a+56.0,3=29,6
⇒a=0,2(mol)
⇒mCu=0,2.64=12,8(g)
⇒mFexOy=36−12,8=23,2(g)
=>MFexOy= \(\dfrac{\dfrac{23,2}{0,3}}{x}\)=\(\dfrac{232x}{3}\)
=>56x+16y=\(\dfrac{232x}{3}\)
=>\(\dfrac{64x}{3}=16y\)
->\(\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
⇒CTHH:Fe3O4
Ta có :
%m Cu=\(\dfrac{12,8}{36}100\)=35,56%
=>%m Fe3O4=100%-35,56%=64,44%
CTHH: FexOy
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
0,2<---------------------0,2
=> \(m_{Fe_xO_y}=12,8-0,2.56=1,6\left(g\right)\)
Trong 6,4g hỗn hợp rắn chứa 0,8g FexOy
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{0,27}{18}=0,015\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: FexOy + yH2 --to--> xFe + yH2O
\(\dfrac{0,015}{y}\)<---------------------0,015
=> \(M_{Fe_xO_y}=\dfrac{0,8}{\dfrac{0,015}{y}}=\dfrac{160}{3}y\)
=> \(56x+16y=\dfrac{160}{3}y\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{2}{3}\Rightarrow Fe_2O_3\)
Cảm ơn bn nhiều:33