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a)
\(n_{Al} = \dfrac{0,54}{27} = 0,02(mol) \\n_{H_2SO_4} = 0,1.0,5 = 0,05(mol) \)
PTHH : \(2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2\)
Theo PTHH , ta thấy :
\(n_{Al}.\dfrac{3}{2} = 0,03(mol) < n_{H_2SO_4}\) nên H2SO4 dư.
Ta có : \(n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Fe} = 0,03(mol)\\ V_{H_2} = 0,03.22,4 = 0,672(lít)\)
b)
Ta có :
\(n_{H_2SO_4\ pư} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al} = 0,03(mol)\\ n_{H_2SO_4\ dư} = 0,05 - 0,03 = 0,02(mol)\\ n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = 0,5n_{Al} = 0,01(mol)\)
Vậy :
\(C_{M_{H_2SO_4}} = \dfrac{0,02}{0,1} = 0,2M\\ C_{M_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}} = \dfrac{0,01}{0,1} = 0,1M\)
PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
a, Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1.0,5=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}>\dfrac{0,05}{3}\) , ta được Al dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
b, Dung dịch sau pư chỉ gồm Al2(SO4)3.
Theo PT: \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{60}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{60}}{0,1}\approx0,16\left(M\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
\(m_{CH_3COOH}=6\%.200=12\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow n_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{12}{60}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(2CH_3COOH+Zn\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Zn+H_2\uparrow\)
LTL: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}>0,2\rightarrow\) Zn dư
Theo pthh: \(n_{\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Zn}=n_{Zn\left(pư\right)}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{H_2}=0,1.2=0,2\left(g\right)\\m_{Zn\left(pư\right)}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\\m_{\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Zn}=0,1.183=18,3\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow m_{dd}=200+6,5-0,2=206,3\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow C\%_{\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Zn}=\dfrac{18,3}{206,3}=8,87\%\)
– Số mol KMnO4 = 0,2 (mol); số mol KOH = 2 (mol)
– Phương trình phản ứng:
2KMnO4 + 16HCl → 2KCl + 2MnCl2 + 5Cl2 + 8H2O
0,2 0,5
* Ở điều kiện nhiệt độ thường:
Cl2 + 2KOH → KCl + KClO + H2O
0,5 1,0 0,5 0,5
– Dư 1,0 mol KOH
CM (KCl) = CM (KClO) = 0,5 (M); CM (KOH dư) = 1 (M)
* Ở điều kiện đun nóng trên 700C:
3Cl2 + 6KOH → 5KCl + KClO3 + 3H2O
0,5 1,0 5/6 1/6
– Dư 1,0 mol KOH
CM (KCl) = 5/6 (M); CM (KClO3) = 1/6 (M); CM (KOH dư) = 1 (M).
200ml = 0,2l
\(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)2}=0,5.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow BaCl_2+2H_2O|\)
1 2 1 2
0,1 0,2 0,1
a) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,1.2}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2}{1}=0,2\left(l\right)=200\left(ml\right)\)
b) \(n_{BaCl2}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{BaCl2}=0,1.208=20,8\left(g\right)\)
c) \(V_{ddspu}=0,2+0,2=0,4\left(l\right)\)
\(C_{M_{BaCl2}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,4}=0,25\left(M\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
PTHH: \(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow BaCl_2+2H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2\cdot0,5=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{BaCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2}{1}=0,2\left(l\right)=200\left(ml\right)\\m_{BaCl_2}=0,1\cdot208=20,8\left(g\right)\\C_{M_{BaCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2+0,2}=0,25\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
n Al 2 SO 4 3 = 0,05/3 x 1 ≈ 0,017 mol
C M Al 2 SO 4 3 = 0,017/0,1 = 0,17M
\(a.Fe+CuSO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+Cu\\ b.n_{Cu}=\dfrac{3,2}{64}=0,05mol\\ n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{100.1,12.10}{100}:160=0,7mol\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{0,05}{1}< \dfrac{0,07}{1}\Rightarrow CuSO_4.dư\\ Fe+CuSO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+Cu\)
0,05 0,05 0,05 0,05 (mol)
\(C_M\) \(_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,1}=0,5M\)
\(C_M\) \(_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{0,07-0,05}{0,1}=0,2M\)
\(n_{CO_2}=0,15mol\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0,35mol\)
\(T=\dfrac{n_{OH^-}}{n_{CO_2}}=\dfrac{0,35}{0,15}=\dfrac{7}{3}>2\)\(\Rightarrow\) tạo muối \(Na_2CO_3\)
\(NaOH+CO_2\rightarrow Na_2CO_3+H_2O\)
0,35 0,15 0,15 0,15
\(\Rightarrow\)\(OH^-dư\) 0,2mol.
\(m_{ddsau}=0,35\cdot40+0,15\cdot44-0,15\cdot18=17,9g\)
\(C\%_{saup}\)\(_ư\)\(=\dfrac{15,9}{17,9}\cdot100=88,83\%\)
PTHH: \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=0,4\cdot1=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) Axit còn dư
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{ZnSO_4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{ZnSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,4}=0,75\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,4}=0,25\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(2M+3Cl_2\Rightarrow 2MCl_3\\ \Rightarrow n_M=n_{MCl_3}\\ \Rightarrow \dfrac{10,8}{M_M}=\dfrac{53,4}{M_M+35,5.3}\\ \Rightarrow M_M=27\Rightarrow Al\)